Kostenko Lina Vasilievna: biography, creativity, duab

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Kostenko Lina Vasilievna yog ib tug kws sau paj huam Ukrainian uas yog lub npe hu ua tiam ntawm rau caum xyoo. Nws yuav tsum tau mus dhau ntau qhov kev sim siab. Nws mus rau hauv ib tug muaj tswv yim "recluse". Los ntawm nws qhov xwm txheej, nws tsis tuaj yeem nrog txawm tias nrog Ukrainian intelligentsia, uas nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb nws ib txwm tiv thaiv. Tab sis Lina Kostenko, uas nws txoj hauj lwm thiab lub neej peb yuav xav txog nyob rau hauv no luv luv sau ntawv, yeej ib txwm nyiam heev ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Cov tub ntxhais kawm, zoo li ntau xyoo dhau los, mus rau nws cov lus qhuab qhia thiab tsis tshua ntsib nrog nws. Thiab txhua zaus thaum muaj qee qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv Ukraine, tus kws sau paj huam teb rau nws nrog lub ntsej muag ntse, thiab qee zaum sarcastic aphorism.

Kostenko Lina Vasilievna yug hauv lub Peb Hlis, 19th ntawm 1930, hauv nroog Rzhishchev, tsis deb ntawm Kyiv, hauv tsev neeg ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv. Rau xyoo tom qab nws yug los, tsev neeg tsiv mus rau lub peev ntawm Ukraine. Nws nyob ntawm Trukhanov Island, uas nyob rau hauv cov xyoo ntawd hu ua "Kyiv's Venice". Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm Nazi, nws raug hlawv nrog rau lub zos. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm ob lub tsev kawm ntawv - Kyiv Pedagogical thiab Moscow Literary Institute - thiab nyob rau hauv 1956 nkag mus rau cov neeg laus.lub neej. Twb tau nyob rau hauv cov xyoo ntawd, nws yog nws, Lina Kostenko, uas yog unofficially hu ua ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau cog lus poetesses. Daim duab nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm peb tus heroine qhia nws lub cev zoo nkauj, lub ntsej muag ntse thiab lub ntsej muag zoo.

Sixties

Thaum xub thawj, tus kws sau paj huam tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov neeg thuam. Tab sis, txij li xyoo 1961, lawv pib liam tias nws yog "kev nom kev tswv" thiab xyaum tsis tau luam tawm nws, thiab kev thuam ntawm cov tub ceev xwm tom qab ntawd tau tshwm sim ntau dua hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Paj huam los ntawm Lina Kostenko pib luam tawm nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws - nyob rau hauv Poland, Czechoslovakia, thiab kuj nrov nyob rau hauv "samizdat". Thaum cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm Ukrainian intelligentsia pib raug ntes hauv 1965, lawv tau qhib siab hais tawm hauv kev tiv thaiv cov neeg tsim txom hauv lawv cov yam ntxwv tsis txaus ntseeg. Nws tau sau ntawv hauv kev tiv thaiv cov neeg raug kaw nom tswv, cuam tshuam lawv paj thaum lub sijhawm sim. Txawm li ntawd los, cov tub ntxhais hluas tau muab nws sawv ovation, txawm tias muaj kev phom sij ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev xav. Txawm hais tias Kostenko Lina Vasilievna tsis raug ntes nws tus kheej thiab tsis tau nug, nws tsuas tsis pom nyob rau hauv lub Soviet xov xwm. Nws lub npe tsis tau hais, thiab nws tus kheej raug blacklisted. Tus poj niam ua haujlwm feem ntau "ntawm lub rooj".

Kev tsim tawm ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev txaj muag

Txawm tias qhov tseeb tias tus kws sau paj huam Ukrainian txaus siab tau nyob ntsiag to, nws yog lub sijhawm no nws tau sau nws cov haujlwm nto moo tshaj plaws. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov no yog cov collections "Prince's Roob" thiab "Tshaj lub ntug dej ntawm lub Eternal River", raws li zoo raws li cov tshiab nyob rau hauv nqe lus "Marusya Churai", paj huam "Berestechko" thiab "Xav txog cov kwv tij Neazovsky", lub ua si "Gardenntab sculptures". Hauv nws cov paj huam, txawm tias qhov ntxov tshaj plaws, muaj qhov sib sib zog nqus philosophical overtones. Nws yooj yim overcomes tsim stereotypes sau ntawv. Cov sau "Tshaj Tawm ntawm ntug dej nyob mus ib txhis" los ua ib qho kev tshawb pom tiag tiag. Lub ntsiab credo ntawm Lina yog cov lus ntawm ib tug ntawm nws heroes hais tias nws tsis ntshai cov neeg qhia nyob rau hauv lub tavern, vim hais tias nws nyiam qhia txhua yam rau tus huab tais ntawm tus kheej. Nws tau hlub los ntawm cov neeg nyeem uas txawm tias cov thawj coj hauv Soviet tseem ntshai kov nws.

duab thiab koom haum

Nyob hauv nws tej hauj lwm Lina Kostenko tig nws txoj kev xav rau tej yam kev kawm. Cov no yog cov duab kos duab, mythological cim, biography ntawm cov neeg nto moo. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws muab tag nrho cov no ib tug thib ob thiab peb lub ntsiab lus, cam nrog rau tam sim no, attracts nthuav parallels, ua kom maj mam ironic tawm tsam. Cov neeg thuam hais tias nyob rau hauv daim teb no tus kws sau paj lug tsis muaj qhov sib npaug hauv niaj hnub Ukrainian cov ntaub ntawv. Nws cov paj huam tshiab ntawm cov ntsiab lus keeb kwm "Marusya Churai" tau ua tiav zoo. Qhov no yog ib qho kev txhais lus ntawm zaj dab neeg nto moo txog kev hlub tsis zoo siab. Ib tug hluas nkauj sau cov nkauj nrov Ukrainian poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog Cossack thiab tom qab ntawd ua rau nws tsis ncaj ncees. Tab sis lub ntsiab tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov tshiab yog nyob rau hauv kev sib tsoo ntawm maximalism thiab pragmatism, reckless txoj kev ntseeg thiab xam, uas ntau hu ua "lub peev xwm nyob." Lub ntsiab muaj tswv yim kos npe ntawm Lina Kostenko yog kev txawj ntse.

Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm perestroika, tej hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam tsis yog pib luam tawm - nws qhov zootau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv 1987, nws yog Kostenko Lina Vasilievna uas tau txais Shevchenko nqi zog. Daim duab uas koj pom saum toj no captures dab tsi tus laureate zoo li xyoo ntawd. Nws tau txais qhov khoom plig no meej rau qhov tshiab "Marusya Churai". Tus kws sau paj huam kuj tau txais ntau yam khoom plig. Qhov no yog qhov khoom plig thoob ntiaj teb ntawm Petrarch (1994), thiab Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Yaroslav the Wise (2000). Tab sis nws tsis kam lees lub npe ntawm Hero ntawm Ukraine, sarcastically arguing tias nws "tsis hnav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub." Ntau yam ntawm nws cov khoom sau thiab ua yeeb yam tuaj tawm, uas tsis tau pom lub hnub ci rau ntau xyoo. Nyob rau hauv 2010, nws zaj paj huam Berestechko tau luam tawm, raws li zoo raws li ib tug tib prose tshiab, Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug Ukrainian Crazy txiv neej, uas ua rau ib tug loj do. Nws sau cov paj huam Hyacinth Sun thiab Heraclitus' River tau nrov tshaj plaws.

Modern Lina Kostenko

Autobiography tsis yog hom ntawv uas tau tshoov siab rau tus kws sau paj huam. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws yim caum-kawg xyoo, nws yeej tsis thab sau dab tsi li ntawd. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 2012, lub Plaub Hlis 9, nyob rau hnub yug ntawm Charles Baudelaire, Ukrainian dissident kws sau ntawv Ivan Dzyuba qhia ib phau ntawv hais txog nws lub neej, "Muaj cov kws sau paj lug rau eras." Tus kws sau paj huam tseem sau paj huam, sim los npog thaj chaw keeb kwm loj, nkag siab txog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kev nom kev tswv. Nws mob siab rau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb uas peb txhua tus nyob, thiab nthuav tawm nws hauv cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg, uas nws teb rau topicality. "Dab tsi tshwm sim tam sim no," tus kws sau paj huam philosophizes, "yog npau suav phem uas tib neeg tau npau suav txog. Ces nws yuav hu ua keeb kwm. Thiab ces ntxiv rau yav dhau losnpau suav phem." "Kuv pob ntseg los ntshav thaum kuv hnov kuv cov neeg raug tsim txom."

Apocalyptic motifs tshwm sim los ntawm cov kev xav hauv nws zaj paj huam. Tab sis thaum kawg, txoj hauj lwm ntawm Lina Kostenko tsis yog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev poob siab thiab kev cia siab, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub siab xav ua kom zoo tag nrho, tib neeg, lub siab xav ncav cuag lub siab thiab lub meej mom ntawm cov pej xeem. "Thiab leej twg hais dab tsi rau leej twg, tab sis qhov phem yuav ploj mus thiab qhov tseeb yuav yeej!" nws paub meej. Nyob rau ntawm ib lub rooj sib tham xov xwm, tus kws sau paj huam qhia nws txoj kev npau suav qub. Es tsis txhob sau paj huam nom tswv, nws xav "kos cov noog nrog ib tug cwj mem nyiaj rau ntawm linen."