2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Ntawm cov kws sau ntawv Lavxias, Claudia Vladimirovna Lukashevich tau txais koob meej ntau. Nws cov dab neeg nthuav tawm kev hlub thiab kev sov siab rau menyuam yaus. Lawv tsis tsuas yog nthuav, tab sis kuj muaj lub ntsiab lus ntse, lub siab xav ua kom muaj kev mob siab rau thiab tib neeg hauv lub siab lub ntsws.
pib ntawm txoj kev muaj tswv yim
Klavdia Lukashevich yug rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 11, 1859 hauv St. Petersburg hauv tsev neeg ntawm tus tswv av tsis zoo. Txij thaum yau, nws nyiam muaj tswv yim. Nws sau paj huam, paj huam, yog nyiam kos duab. Tus ntxhais siv nws thaum yau ntawm Mariinsky Women's Gymnasium, qhov chaw nws txaus siab kawm tsis yog tsuas yog pleev xim xwb, tab sis kuj yog suab paj nruag. Cov dej num muaj tswv yim ua rau nws txaus siab heev.
Klavdia Lukashevich phau ntawv keeb kwm hais tias txij li hnub nyoog 12 xyoo, tus ntxhais tau txais nyiaj los ntawm nws tus kheej, koom nrog kev sau ntawv thiab muab cov lus qhia. Nyob rau hauv 1881, cov ntawv xov xwm "Children's Reading" tau luam tawm ib zaj paj huam los ntawm Klavochka hu ua "In Memory of Alexander II." Hauv kev ua haujlwm, tsis yog tus sau lub npe, muaj qhov kos npe me me: "Gymnasium students".
Raws li ib tug hluas, Lukashevich xa nws tsab ntawv ob peb zaugcreations nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Tsev Neeg Hmo Ntuj". Ib me ntsis tom qab, nws tau koom nrog kev tshaj tawm ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm Zvezda sau.
kev ua ub ua no
Xyoo 1885 Claudia yuav Konstantin Frantsevich Khmyznikov. Nws tus txiv tau raug xaiv los ua tus saib xyuas ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Ntxhais Hluas ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Siberia, thiab ua raws nws, tus poj niam tsiv mus rau Irkutsk.
Clavdia txuas ntxiv qhia thiab tsis tawm ntawm kev muaj tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo ntawd, tus kws sau ntawv lub neej tau puv nrog lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Claudia Vladimirovna: 3 Lab tus kiv cua tos koj rau Webtalk!
- yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm Lavxias teb sab nyob rau qib elementary;
- compiles anthologies thiab phau ntawv kawm;
- composes alphabets;
- sau biography ntawm cov neeg nto moo;
- suav sau cov menyuam yaus cov haujlwm, kev ua si thiab kev lom zem;
- tsim phau ntawv qhia rau matinees, suab paj nruag yav tsaus ntuj thiab ua koob tsheej.
Lukashevich yug tau plaub tus menyuam, tab sis qhov no tsis tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev ua nws nyiam. Ib tug poj niam txawj ntse ua ke nrog kev yug me nyuam, ua haujlwm hauv tsev thiab sau ntawv. Ntau tus menyuam yaus cov dab neeg thiab cov dab neeg tshwm sim los ntawm nws tus cwj mem. Nyob rau hauv 1889, cov hauj lwm "Makar" tau muab tsub rau lub St. Petersburg Frebel Society. Qhov no tsis yog qhov khoom plig kawg hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Cov dab neeg ntawm Claudia Lukashevich nyiam kev vam meej thiab tib neeg txoj kev hlub.
A new twist
Nyob rau xyoo 1890, kev tu siab heev los rau hauv tus sau lub neej: nws tus txiv thiab tus ntxhais uas nws hlub muaj 10 xyoo tuag.
Kev poob, Klavdia Lukashevich rov qab mus rau St. Petersburg. Sim noj nws tsev neeg thiab nyob twj ywm hauv lub neej, nws muab peb tus menyuam ib ntus rau lub chaw haujlwm menyuam yaus ntawm Nikolaev Orphan's Institute, thiab nws tus kheej nkag mus rau kev pabcuam ntawm pawg thawj coj ntawm South-Eastern Railway.
Klavdia Lukashevich tseem sau cov menyuam phau ntawv thiab koom tes nrog yuav luag txhua lub tsev tshaj tawm. Nws cov phau ntawv yog ib qho kev vam meej thiab cov me nyuam txoj kev hlub. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, kev ncig ntawm nws tej hauj lwm tau tshaj ib lab.
Klavdia Lukashevich cov phau ntawv yog imbued nrog kev hlub rau menyuam yaus. Los ntawm nws cov dab neeg thiab cov dab neeg tshiab, nws sim tsim cov tub ntxhais hluas nyeem lub tswv yim ntawm tib neeg, kev mob siab rau, kev ua siab zoo thiab kev saib xyuas rau lub ntiaj teb nyob ib puag ncig nws. Qee tus neeg tsis ntseeg hais tias tsis ncaj ncees txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Claudia Vladimirovna, thuam nws rau "kev tsim txiaj heev." Tus kws sau ntawv teb cov lus hais no ruaj khov thiab meej meej:
Yog tias kev xav yog qhov kuv tso tus menyuam txoj kev xav los ntawm cov duab lim hiam, hnyav, ces kuv ua kom kuv nco qab. Kuv piav qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej, tiam sis feem ntau kuv coj yam uas zoo, huv si, thiab kaj; Nws muaj kev txhawb siab, txhawb nqa, rov sib haum xeeb rau cov tub ntxhais hluas nyeem ntawv.
Cov dab neeg thiab phau ntawv ntawm Claudia Lukashevich muaj nws tus kheej nco thiab kev paub dhau los. Nrog cov lus yooj yooj yim thiab mos, nws sim qhia rau cov menyuam paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej. Tus kws sau ntawv tau xa ntau yam haujlwm rau menyuam yaus hauv lub tebchaws.
Cov phau ntawv me nyuam yaus
Ntawm cov haujlwm nto mooKlavdiya Lukashevich, cov hauv qab no yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab muaj npe nrov:
- "Lub suab ntawm lub siab";
- "Evil";
- "Tswv Yexus";
- "Kuv tus me nyuam ntxim hlub";
- "Tus Tswv thiab Tus Tub";
- "Txiv neej pluag";
- "Barefoot Team";
- "Nyob rau hauv lub quarters, tab sis tsis ua phem";
- "Ob tug muam";
- "Txiv ntxawm Flutist";
- "Los ntawm lub zos";
- "Kev sib txuas lus ntawm peb tus phooj ywg";
- "Ntxhais ntsuag kev sib koom";
- "Rag-picker";
- "Paj paj liab uas tsaug zog hmo ntuj."
Nov yog ib feem me me ntawm qhov Klavdia Lukashevich sau hauv nws lub neej.
Kev ua siab zoo thiab kev hlub tshua tau ua rau Claudia Vladimirovna mob siab rau nws tus kheej los pab tib neeg thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib. Ntawm nws tus kheej tus nqi, nws tuav lub tsev kho mob rau cov neeg raug mob, chaw nyob rau cov menyuam yaus uas niam txiv tau mus rau pem hauv ntej. Thaum tsov rog, ib tug ntawm nws cov tub raug tua…
Hmoov tsis zoo, xyoo 1923, los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tub ceev xwm, cov kws sau ntawv tau raug tshem tawm ntawm cov tsev qiv ntawv. Cov laj thawj yog "kev xav, kev coj cwj pwm, cov xwm txheej tsis zoo, cov cim sketchy." Tus kws sau ntawv tsis kam rov sau cov dab neeg raws li "tus qauv tshiab ntawm niaj hnub nim no".
Lub xyoo kawg ntawm nws lub neej, Klavdiya Lukashevich nyob nrog txhais tau tias meager. Nws tus tub, Khmyznikov Pavel Konstantinovich, dhau los ua tus kws kho mob ntawm thaj chaw tshawb fawb.
Creativity ntawm Claudia Lukashevich tsis tau ploj mus txog tam sim no. Nws cov ntawv nyiam heev los ntawm cov menyuam yaus, muaj qhov kaj, ua siab zoo thiab sov so.
Pom zoo:
Scenario rau kev ua yeeb yam rau menyuam yaus. Xyoo tshiab ua yeeb yam rau menyuam yaus. Kev ua yeeb yam nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Ntawm no los txog lub sij hawm tej yam yees siv tshaj plaws - Xyoo Tshiab. Ob tus menyuam yaus thiab cov niam txiv tab tom tos txog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb, tab sis leej twg, yog tias tsis yog niam thiab txiv, feem ntau ntawm txhua tus xav npaj hnub so tiag tiag rau lawv tus menyuam, uas nws yuav nco ntsoov ntev. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev los nrhiav cov dab neeg npaj txhij rau kev ua koob tsheej hauv Is Taws Nem, tab sis qee zaum lawv hnyav dhau, tsis muaj tus ntsuj plig. Tom qab nyeem ib pawg ntawm cov ntawv sau ua yeeb yam rau cov menyuam yaus, tsuas muaj ib qho tseem tshuav - los nrog txhua yam koj tus kheej
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