Cov xim tempera yog dab tsi zoo rau, thiab vim li cas cov kws kos duab niaj hnub txaus siab siv lawv

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Tempera xim tau paub txij thaum ub. Yog li ntawd cov kws ua yeeb yam hu ua cov ntaub ntawv uas tau npaj los ntawm cov hmoov qhuav qhuav thiab cov kua nplaum uas khi lawv los tsim lawv cov haujlwm tsis txawj tuag. Lub adjective "tempera" los ntawm Latin lo lus temperare, txhais ua "kom txuas, sib tov."

Txoj kev ntawm tempera

Dab tsi ua rau cov xim tempera tshwj xeeb? Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, colouring pigments tau muab rho tawm tsuas yog los ntawm cov zaub mov, lub resulting hmoov tau meej tov nrog ib tug nplaum nplaum - qe qe, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tej nroj tsuag, tsiaj kua nplaum los yog roj. Niaj hnub no, tempera xim yog npaj los ntawm cov hluavtaws dyes thiab emulsions. Ua ntej cov xim roj tau tsim (15th caug xyoo), tempera yog cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws rau kev tsim frescoes, icons thiab kos duab kos duab. Cov style ntawm cov duab no yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qub, uas yog vim li cas cov neeg ua yeeb yam niaj hnub no tsis nyiam cov xim tempera.

Egg tempera paint

Tempera pleev xim raws li qe emulsionsuav nrog nqaij qaib yolk, roj thiab turpentine kua roj vanish. Cov khoom thiab kos duab muaj peev xwm ntawm cov xim yog nyob ntawm qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov khoom no. Piv txwv li, cov roj ntau dhau ua rau cov xim zoo li roj, thiab cov kua roj vanish ntau dhau yuav ua rau cov khoom siv rau cov ntaub pua plag ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv Byzantium thiab nyob rau hauv Russia, qe tempera tau lug siv nyob rau hauv lub icon painting, pej xeem crafts, thiab frescoes tau pleev xim rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tuam tsev nrog nws. Nyob rau lub sijhawm nyob deb, ib yam khoom uas khi cov xim qhuav tau npaj los ntawm kev ntxiv dej, kvass, cawv lossis vinegar rau nqaij qaib yolk. Cov xim pleev xim tau siv txheej los ntawm txheej, thiab tom qab ntawd npog nrog cov roj kom qhuav lossis roj kua roj vanish.

Casein thiab zaub tempera xim

Ntxiv rau cov qe emulsion, tempera feem ntau tau npaj los ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm casein, kua roj vanish thiab roj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xim tempera tau ua los ntawm cov zaub emulsions. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov pos hniav arabic, cov khoom nplaum ua los ntawm cov qos yaj ywm los yog pob kws hmoov nplej (dextrin), los yog cov kua nplaum cherry. Cov xim zoo li no yog cov xim tsis hnyav thiab nyob twj ywm ntev dua, thiab yog li lawv tau yooj yim siv hauv cov chaw tsim khoom uas tsim cov ntaub ntawv pleev xim.

Ntawm thev naus laus zis hauv kev tsim cov xim

Cov xim tempera tshiab yog ua raws li cov xim pleev xim thiab cov polymers. Lawv muaj zog dua thiab tsis tas yuav cov kua roj vanish, vim lawv tsis ntxuav los yog yaj hauv dej.

Ntawm cov kev xav tau niaj hnub no txhais tau tias tha xim, tempera xim "Master Class" sawv tawm. Lub series yog tsim los ntawm ntuj thiab dag pigments raws li polyvinyl acetate dispersion. pastyxim series "Master class" yog dav siv nyob rau hauv painting thiab tsim ua hauj lwm. Qhuav, nws tsim ib zaj duab xis matte indelible.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov xim tempera

Yuav ua li cas kos nrog cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem subtleties uas nws xav tau yog lub ntsiab lus rau kev sib tham sib cais. Ntawm no peb tsuas yog kov ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm tempera, uas tsis tau poob nws qhov zoo nkauj rau cov tswv niaj hnub. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom no yog suav tias yog kev zoo nkauj thiab durability. Tsis zoo li cov qauv ntawm cov roj pleev xim, canvases pleev xim rau hauv tempera tsis hloov xim, tsis txhob tig daj thiab tsis darken lub sij hawm. Txij li cov xim tempera qhuav sai sai, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb tias cov xim txheej yuav hloov pauv hauv ntim lub sijhawm, uas txhais tau hais tias cov duab yuav tsis tev lossis tawg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ziab sai sai tsim teeb meem rau tus kws kos duab. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus tswv yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias thaum ziab, tempera xim hloov lub suab - lighten lossis darken.