Bolshoi Theatre nyob qhov twg? Keeb kwm ntawm Bolshoi Theatre

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Lub tsev ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia thiab ib qho chaw ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog Bolshoi Theatre. Lub tsev ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb ntawm lub tebchaws nyob qhov twg? Zoo, ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv lub nroog loj - nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws repertoire suav nrog opera thiab ballet ua yeeb yam los ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws classical composers. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub classical repertoire, theatre yog tas li sim nrog lub tshiab niaj hnub productions. Keeb kwm ntawm Bolshoi Theatre yog nplua nuj heev thiab txuam nrog cov npe ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb rau peb lub teb chaws. Lub Peb Hlis 2015, lub tsev ua yeeb yam muaj hnub nyoog 239 xyoo.

Nws pib ua li cas

Tus tsim ntawm Bolshoi Theatre raug suav tias yog Tub Vaj Ntxwv Pyotr Vasilievich Urusov, nws yog tus kws lij choj hauv xeev thiab tib lub sijhawm muaj nws tus kheej ua yeeb yam. Nws yog tib tug uas tau tso cai los tsim kev ua yeeb yam, ua yeeb yam, concerts thiab lwm yam kev lom zem. Tsis muaj leej twg raug tso cai ua li ntawd, kom tus huab tais tsis muaj kev sib tw. Tab sis qhov tshwj xeeb no kuj tau ua lub luag haujlwm rau nws - los tsim lub tsev zoo nkauj rau pab pawg, uas txhua qhov kev ua yeeb yam yuav tshwm sim. Tus tub huabtais muaj ib tug khub hu ua Medox, uas yog ib tug txawv teb chaws, nwsqhia lej rau Grand Duke Paul, yav tom ntej tus huab tais Lavxias teb sab. Tau poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog kev ua yeeb yam lag luam, nws tseem nyob hauv Russia thiab tuaj yeem tuav nrog kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Tub huabtais Urusov ua tsis tau tejyam tsim lub tsev ua yeeb yam vim hais tias nws mus poob lawm, lub cai ntawm tus tswv ntawm lub tsev ua yeeb yam, raws li zoo raws li lub luag hauj lwm los tsim lub tsev, dhau mus rau Medox, vim hais tias nws yog tus tsim lub Bolshoi Theatre. Qhov chaw ua yeeb yam tsim los ntawm Medox nyob yog paub rau txhua tus neeg thib ob hauv tebchaws Russia, nws nyob ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm Theatre Square thiab Petrovka.

Kev tsim kho ntawm theatre

Rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev ua yeeb yam, Medox tau xaiv ib zajlus uas yog Prince Rostotsky, uas nws yuav los ntawm nws. Nws yog txoj kev hu ua Petrovskaya, nws pib thaum ntxov, thiab Bolshoi Theatre tau tsim los ntawm no. Qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub tsev ua yeeb yam tam sim no yog Theatre Square, lub tsev 1. Lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv tsuas yog 5 lub hlis, uas yog amazing thiab amazing txawm rau peb lub sij hawm nrog tag nrho nws cov niaj hnub technologies thiab lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv. Tsim ib qhov project rau kev tsim kho lub tsev ua yeeb yam los ntawm Christian Rozberg. Lub tsev ua yeeb yam zoo kawg nkaus hauv, lub auditorium tau tawm tsam hauv nws txoj kev zoo nkauj, thiab lub façade ntawm lub tsev, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog me me, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab siv tsis tau. Kev ua yeeb yam tau txais nws thawj lub npe - Petrovsky.

Qhib theatre

Lub tsev ntawm Bolshoi Theatre tau qhib xyoo 1780, thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 30th. Hnub no, thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm pawg ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim hauv nws lub tsev. Tag nrho cov ntawv xov xwm tsuas yog sau txog qhov qhib, theatrical masters thiab nto moo architects, raws li ib tug, tawg pleb qhuas rauvaj tse, characterizing nws li ruaj, loj, muaj txiaj ntsig, zoo nkauj, nyab xeeb thiab zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hwm rau feem ntau ntawm cov yeeb yam nto moo nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe. Tus tswv nroog zoo siab heev rau kev tsim kho uas tsim nyog uas muab Medox txoj cai tuav kev lom zem tau txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv 10 xyoo.

kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv

Ib puag ncig, lub npe hu ua rotunda, tau tsim rau kev ua yeeb yam. Lub tsev tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ntau daim iav thiab illuminated los ntawm plaub caug-ob siv lead ua chandeliers. Lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm Medox nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub theem, raws li xav, muaj ib tug orchestra pit. Nyob ze rau ntawm theem yog cov quav rau cov qhua qhuas ntawm lub tsev ua yeeb yam thiab cov neeg saib tsis tu ncua, feem ntau yog cov tswv ntawm pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm. Lawv lub tswv yim yog qhov tseem ceeb rau Medox, vim li no lawv tau raug caw tuaj koom kev xyaum hnav khaub ncaws, tom qab ntawd lawv tau koom nrog kev sib tham txog kev tsim khoom tom ntej.

Lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau qhia txog 100 qhov kev ua yeeb yam hauv ib xyoos. Nws tsis tuaj yeem yuav daim pib rau ib qho kev ua yeeb yam; mus saib ua yeeb yam, cov neeg tuaj saib tau yuav ib xyoos ib zaug.

Lub sijhawm dhau mus, kev tuaj koom ua yeeb yam tsis zoo, cov txiaj ntsig tau poob qis, cov neeg ua yeeb yam pib tawm hauv kev ua yeeb yam, thiab lub tsev poob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj. Yog li ntawd, Bolshoi Opera House tau los ua lub xeev thiab tau txais lub npe tshiab - Imperial.

hnub poob ib ntus

Keeb kwm ntawm Bolshoi Theatre tsis yog ib txwm zoo nkauj heev, muaj lub sijhawm tu siab hauv nws. Xyoo 1805 lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau hlawv tom qab 25 xyoo ntawm nws lub neej. Tsuas yog cov phab ntsa load-tau muaj sia nyob, thiab tsuas yog qee qhov. Kev tsim kho dua tshiabpib tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1821, thaum Moscow tau rov qab los tom qab ntxeem tau ntawm Napoleon cov tub rog. Osip Bove yog tus thawj kws kes duab vajtse uas tau txib kom rov qab kho qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog, suav nrog kev ua yeeb yam. Nws yog tus tsim kho tshiab, raws li nws qhov project, txoj kev tau pib ua kom sib txawv, tam sim no cov tsev loj tau pib ntsib txoj kev, thiab tsis nyob hauv lub tshav puam. Beauvais coj kev kho dua tshiab ntawm Red Square, Alexander Garden, lub xwmfab ze ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Kev tsim kho ntawm Bolshoi Theatre tau dhau los ua nws txoj haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws. Lub tsev tshiab tau txhim tsa nyob rau hauv Empire style. Raws li tus kws kes duab vajtse niaj hnub, Bolshoi Theatre zoo li phoenix nce los ntawm cov tshauv.

Lub metro nyob ze ze ntawm lub theatre, yog li kev mus rau lub theatre yog qhov yooj yim heev los ntawm txhua qhov chaw hauv Moscow.

Reconstruction of the theatre building

Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm kev ua yeeb yam pib xyoo 1821 thiab tau siv sijhawm ntau xyoo. Thaum pib, txoj kev npaj rau lub tsev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau tsim los ntawm tus kws kos duab zoo nkauj hauv St. Petersburg Andrei Mikhailov, tus tswv xeev ntawm Moscow pom zoo rau txoj kev npaj no. Mikhailov tau tsim lub tsev ua yeeb yam hauv daim duab plaub, nrog rau ib qho ntawm yim kab thiab Apollo nyob rau hauv ib lub tsheb loj nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub portico; lub tsev tau muab rau txog li ob txhiab tus neeg saib. Osip Bove tau kho Mikhailov qhov project, qhov twg Bolshoi Theatre tau qis dua, cov proportions ntawm lub tsev hloov. Beauvais kuj tau txiav txim siab tso tseg qhov kev tso kawm ntawm khw pavilions hauv pem teb, raws li nws xav tias nws tsis zoo. Lub tsev ua ntau-tiered, kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev los ua nplua nuj. Qhov tsim nyog acoustics ntawm lub tsev tau pom. Beauvais txawm muajib lub tswv yim tseem ceeb heev - los ua daim iav iav, tab sis kom paub txog lub tswv yim zoo li no, ntawm chav kawm, yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb, vim tias daim ntaub yuav hnyav heev.

Kev yug dua tshiab

Kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau ua tiav thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1824, thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1825 lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau tsim kho dua tshiab. Thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim, qhov kev zov me nyuam suav nrog cov neeg ntaus pob "Sandrillon" thiab cov lus tshaj tawm "Lub Triumph ntawm Muses" tshwj xeeb uas tau sau tseg rau kev qhib kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm Alyabyev thiab Verstovsky. Beauvais yog qhov chaw ntawm kev mloog, cov neeg tuaj saib tau txais tos nws nrog cov suab nrov nrov hauv kev ris txiaj. Lub theatre tshiab tsuas yog amazing hauv nws txoj kev zoo nkauj. Tam sim no lub theatre yog hu ua Bolshoi Petrovsky Theatre. Tag nrho cov productions ntawm lub theatre mus nrog zoo tib yam. Tam sim no Bolshoi Theatre tau dhau los ua qhov ci ntsa iab.

Metro yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws mus rau Bolshoi Theatre. Qhov chaw nyob ze tshaj plaws rau kev ua yeeb yam yog qhov chaw nres tsheb Teatralnaya, Ploshchad Revolyutsii, Okhotny Ryad thiab Aleksandrovsky Sad. Qhov chaw nres tsheb twg xaiv nyob ntawm qhov chaw pib ntawm txoj kev.

Thiab tua dua

Lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1853, hluav taws kub hnyiab hauv tsev ua yeeb yam dua, nws muaj zog heev thiab kav ob hnub. Lub ntuj thiaj li huab nrog cov pa taws dub pom nyob rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog. Tag nrho cov daus tau yaj ntawm Theatre Square. Lub tsev kub hnyiab yuav luag tag, tsuas yog cov phab ntsa load-bearing thiab lub portico tseem. Qhov hluav taws tau rhuav tshem cov scenery, khaub ncaws, tsev qiv ntawv suab paj nruag, suab paj nruag, ntawm cov uas tsis tshua muaj qauv. Ib zaug ntxiv, Bolshoi Theatre raug puas tsuaj los ntawm hluav taws.

Qhov chaw ua yeeb yam yog qhov yooj yim mus nrhiav, nws nyob rau ntawm Theatre Square thiab muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob ib sab ntawm nws: Maly Drama Theatre, Youth Theatre, Shchepkin Theatre School, Metropol Cabaret, Lub Tsev ntawm Cov Neeg Koom Tes, Okhotny Ryad, Central Department Store, rov qab lub tsev ua yeeb yam yog lub cim rau Karl Marx.

Kev kho dua tshiab

Tus kws tsim vaj tsev uas tau koom nrog kev txhawb siab ntawm kev ua yeeb yam rau lub neej yog Albert Kavos, Mariinsky Theatre hauv St. Petersburg tau ua raws li nws txoj haujlwm. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov ntaub ntawv me me tau los rau peb txog tus kws tsim vaj tsev no. Tsis muaj nyiaj txaus los kho lub tsev ua yeeb yam, tab sis kev ua haujlwm tau nce sai thiab siv sijhawm li ib xyoos xwb. Lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau qhib rau lub Yim Hli 20, 1856, tam sim no nws tau hu ua "Big Imperial Theatre". Lub premiere kev ua yeeb yam ntawm lub renovation ua yeeb yam yog lub opera "Lub Puritani" los ntawm Italian composer V. Bellini. Tus cwj pwm ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tshiab txawv. Cov neeg hauv nroog tau suav tias nws zoo kawg thiab txaus siab rau nws, xws li cov kws tsim khoom thiab cov kws tsim vaj tsev, qee tus ntseeg tias kev rov tsim kho dua los ntawm Kavos txawv dhau ntawm txoj kev Mikhailov thiab Bove xeeb lub tsev ua yeeb yam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov facades thiab qee qhov sab hauv. Peb yuav tsum muab credit rau tus kws kes duab vajtse, ua tsaug rau nws kho dua tshiab ntawm lub tsev, cov suab paj nruag hauv Bolshoi Theatre tau dhau los ua ib qho zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Lub theatre tsis yog tsuas yog tuav kev ua yeeb yam xwb, nws tau tuav cov pob thiab ua yeeb yam. Qhov no yog Bolshoi Theatre. Theatre chaw nyob - Lub nroog ntawm Moscow, Teatralnaya square, lub tsev 1.

Peb hnub

Lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau nkag mus rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th hauv lub xeev uas muaj kev puas tsuaj, nrog lub hauv paus sagging thiab tawg ntawm phab ntsa. Tab sis ob peb reconstructions tau ua nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, ib tug ntawm cov uas tau ua tiav tsis ntev los no (mus txog 6 xyoo), ua lawv txoj hauj lwm - thiab tam sim no lub theatre ci nrog tag nrho nws cov facets. Ntxiv nrog rau operas thiab ballets, theatre repertoire kuj suav nrog operettas. Thiab koj tuaj yeem mus ncig ua yeeb yam - saib lub tsev thiab ob peb lwm chav txaus nyiam heev. Tej zaum nws yuav nyuaj rau cov qhua uas xav mus xyuas Bolshoi Theatre, qhov chaw nws nyob, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb nws nyob hauv plawv nroog thiab nws yuav tsis yooj yim nrhiav nws, tsis deb ntawm nws yog lwm qhov kev nyiam. ntawm lub peev, uas yog paub rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no - Red area.

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib txog Bolshoi Theatre

Ntau tus neeg saib xyuas tuaj xyuas Bolshoi Theatre. Txaus siab rau cov neeg saib xyuas tawm hauv ntau qhov ntau, suav nrog hauv Is Taws Nem. Lawv sau txog cov khoom ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj, hais txog lub suab zoo ntawm cov neeg hu nkauj, hais txog cov kev xav uas tau tshwm sim hauv lawv tus ntsuj plig tom qab mus xyuas lub tsev ua yeeb yam, nthuav qhia lawv txoj kev txaus siab rau kev ua yeeb yam, qhuas cov khaub ncaws zoo nkauj thiab scenery. Kev ua yeeb yam tsis yog tsuas yog los ntawm Russians, ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig txawv teb chaws nws kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov chaw nyiam tshaj plaws uas lawv maj nrawm mus tom qab tuaj txog hauv Moscow. Ib tug adherent ntawm classics thiab innovator - tag nrho cov no yog Bolshoi Theatre.

Yuav ua li cas mus rau theatre los ntawm tsheb? Nws tag nrho nyob ntawmmus qhov twg. Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv rau txoj kev: koj tuaj yeem hla txoj kev Mokhovaya - nws ncaj qha mus rau Theatre Square; los yog los ntawm Tverskaya; thiab yog tias koj tsiv mus raws Petrovka, koj tuaj yeem tsav ncaj qha mus rau ntawm lub qhov rooj ua yeeb yam.