Lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Surikov. Creativity Surikov (luv luv)

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Vasily Ivanovich Surikov (1848-1916), Lavxias teb sab artist, unsurpassed masters ntawm keeb kwm paintings, yug nyob rau hauv Krasnoyarsk, nyob rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm. Nws tau txais nws thawj qhov kev kos duab hauv tsev kawm ntawv, nrog tus kws qhia ntawv N. V. Grebnev. Tus kws qhia ntawv pom tus tub muaj peev xwm pleev xim thiab qhia nws niam nws txiv kom xa nws mus rau St. Petersburg rau kev kawm tshwj xeeb, uas tau ua tiav xyoo 1869. Nyob rau sab qaum teb lub nroog, yav tom ntej tus kws kos duab tau nkag mus rau Academy of Arts, kawm tiav xyoo 1875.

pib ua haujlwm

Ob xyoos tom qab, Vasily Surikov tsiv mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw nws nyob. Thaum tseem yog menyuam kawm ntawv, tus neeg pleev kob hluas tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej ua tus tswv ntawm cov duab keeb kwm sib koom ua ke, nws thawj txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog cov duab kos duab "Saib ntawm lub monument rau Peter lub Great", uas nws piav qhia txog tus pej thuam equestrian ntawm huab tais tawm tsam. backdrop ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral. Lub canvas tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1870.

thawj masterpieces

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Vasily Surikov tau txuas ntxiv hauv xyoo 1877, thaum tus kws kos duab tsim cov duab kos ntawm plaub pawg Ecumenical rau kev pleev xim rau Moscow Lub Koom Txoos ntawm KhetosTus Cawm Seej. Tom qab ntawd, impressed los ntawm lub ancient architecture ntawm lub peev, Surikov mus rau nws thawj masterpiece ntawm lub Moscow lub sij hawm, painting "Sab sawv ntxov ntawm lub Streltsy Execution". Txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav xyoo 1881. Kev tua cov neeg ntxeev siab nrog kev koom tes ntawm tus kheej ntawm Peter I ntawm Red Square tau cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kws kos duab nrog qhov tseeb txaus ntshai. Lub neej thiab kev ua hauj lwm ntawm Surikov ib txwm dhuav lub thwj ntawm ib co tshwj xeeb indisputability, tsis yog ib tug ib leeg mob stroke muab lub laj thawj rau tsis ntseeg ib yam dab tsi.

Antiquity as a style in creativity

Tus kws kos duab tau paub txog txhua yam kev kos duab, uas tau muab sijhawm rau nws los hais txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm Russia keeb kwm yav dhau los. Lawv tau qhia txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Lavxias Lub Hnub Nyoog Tshiab thiab lub sijhawm medieval, thiab qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm ob tog thiab tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus rau ntau pua xyoo. Surikov txoj hauj lwm yog tag nrho saturated nrog "sab ntsuj plig ntawm antiquity", raws li I. N. Kramskoy figuratively muab tso rau hauv nws sau ntawv nrog V. V. Stasov nyob rau hauv 1884.

Menshikov thiab Morozova

Tus kws kos duab-keeb kwm Vasily Surikov tsis tu ncua lees paub nws lub luag haujlwm, tsim ib qho txuj ci tom qab lwm qhov. Nyob rau hauv 1883 nws pleev xim rau painting "Menshikov nyob rau hauv Berezov", thiab nyob rau hauv 1887 nws tsim ib tug masterpiece ntawm painting hu ua "Boyar Morozova". Thawj daim duab qhia txog kev khiav tawm mus rau Siberia ntawm ib qho ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas muaj zog tshaj plaws, nyiam Peter lub Great, Duke Menshikov. Daim duab thib ob qhia txog kev thauj mus los ntawm schismatic Theodosius Morozov, raug txim rau kev cais tawm, los ntawm tsev loj cuj mus rau Chudov Monastery.

Surikov lub tswv yim, nws cov txuj ci sib sib zog nqus, embodied hauv daim ntaub loj loj ntsuas 5 x 3 meters, yog qhov tshwm sim loj heev hauv ntiaj teb kev pleev xim. "Boyar Morozova" tau yuav los ntawm Tretyakov Gallery, qhov twg cov duab tseem nyob.

Holiday theme

Cov txuj ci yav dhau los ntawm Vasily Surikov tsis yog qhov qis dua rau cov duab "Lub Capture ntawm Snow Town", sau los ntawm nws xyoo 1891 thiab mob siab rau Shrovetide.

Cov cim piav qhia ntawm daim ntaub xav tsis thoob nrog lawv qhov kev nthuav qhia, kev ua koob tsheej yog piav qhia los ntawm tus kws kos duab ua txhua yam kev puas tsuaj. Hauv nruab nrab yog Cossack tawm tsam cov daus "bastion", nyob ib ncig ntawm cov neeg saib uas tuaj rau Maslenitsa festivities.

Surikov lub tswv yim tau tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm no hauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov neeg Lavxias, uas muaj peev xwm tsim kev tawm tsam ntawm xiav, tsis muaj laj thawj, tab sis los ntawm qhov xwm txheej tag nrho yuav tsum tshwm sim. Yog li nws tau tshwm sim nrog cov duab "Lub Capture ntawm Lub Nroog Daus", qhov kev ua si yooj yim tig mus rau hauv kev ua phem tiag tiag ntawm lub fortifications, txawm tias yog ib qho kev ua yeeb yam. Xws li yog Lavxias teb sab kev ua si nyob rau hauv paintings ntawm Lavxias teb sab paintings, xws li yog cov hauj lwm ntawm tus kws kos duab Surikov. Russian fine art is impulsive.

Ua raws cov haujlwm

Cov haujlwm tom ntej ntawm Vasily Surikov tau dhau los ua ib theem hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Cov canvases nws tsim rau lub sijhawm txij li xyoo 1895 txog 1907 tseem muaj kev ua yeeb yam, tab sis qhov kev xav ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv cov duab kos twb txawv, tsis tshua muaj kev qhia. Nws yog hais txog canvases:"Stepan Razin" (1907), "Suvorov's Hla Alps" (1899) thiab "Lub Conquest ntawm Siberia los ntawm Yermak" (1895). Tag nrho cov hauj lwm yog sau virtuoso, tab sis lawv tsis muaj polyphony ntawm ua yeeb yam.

Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev rau siab kom nce qib ntawm kev yaum cov duab ntawm daim duab, Surikov txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov cim, yog li hloov cov semantic load rau cov duab ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem no ib txwm coj cov txiaj ntsig. Tus kws kos duab nthuav dav qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm kev ntxhib los mos thiab txhim kho kev nthuav tawm ntawm txhua tus cwj pwm sib cais thiab tag nrho ua ke, yuam kom lawv cuam tshuam.

Vasily Surikov them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj kev qhia hauv nws cov duab los ntawm kev tsom mus rau cov ntsiab lus. Thiab txoj kev no kuj coj tau cov txiaj ntsig. Piv txwv li, cov duab "Lub Conquest ntawm Siberia los ntawm Yermak" tau pleev xim rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua zoo tshaj plaws, nrog ntau rab phom, ci ntsa iab ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, qhia txog kev tuag thiab kev puas tsuaj. Hauv kev muaj tiag, tau kawg, txhua yam tshwm sim tsawg dua, raws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog lub sijhawm ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, painting yog ib daim duab kos duab uas yuav tsum tau rov hais dua.

Cov canvas "Suvorov's Hla Alps", tau kawg, kuj tau sau nrog qee qhov grotesque. Muaj kev thuam kev nom kev tswv rau qhov kev xav ua phem ntawm cov neeg Fabkis txoj kev xav. Nrog nws txoj kev hla lub Alps, Suvorov mob nyem rau Fabkis cov thawj coj tub rog ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Tag nrho cov nuances no tau tshwm sim los ntawm tus kws kos duab.

Surikov txoj haujlwm, uas nws cov duab, zoo li daim iav, cuam tshuam qee qhovCov yam ntxwv ntawm pej xeem lub neej nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th thiab pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, mus rau ib tug loj npaum li cas pab rau kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab.

Daim duab "Stepan Razin" qhia txog kev pe hawm cov tub rog zoo tib yam rau lawv tus thawj coj. Nws yog ib txoj cai indisputable rau lawv, tus thawj tub rog thawj coj. Thaum Stenka Razin, tsis muaj hesitation, pov tus ntxhais huabtais overboard, nws yog ib tug inhuman ua uas yuav ua tau ib tug yog vim li cas rau kev poob siab ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau hauv tus thawj coj. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txuas ntxiv txhawb lawv tus thawj coj. Tsis txaus siab rau nws tus kheej, tsaus muag zoo li huab, Stepan Razin zaum hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nkoj, ncig los ntawm cov neeg ncaj ncees. Tus thawj coj muaj kev txhawj xeeb heev, thiab tus kws kos duab kuj tau tswj hwm nws txoj kev xav. Txhua yam ntawm Surikov txoj haujlwm muaj nws qhov kev sim ua kom pom tseeb ntawm nws cov canvases, txawm tias qee zaum tsis ncaj ncees.

Surikov as a realist artist

Txhua daim duab ntawm tus neeg pleev kob yog quintessence ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub neej, nws cov khoom sib cais, uas yog nthuav tawm los ntawm tus tswv hauv qhov kev xav tiag tiag. Txoj hauv kev no, uas tsis suav nrog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tseeb, yog txoj haujlwm ntawm Surikov, uas tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia luv luv, xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas tob.

Ib qho lus txhais ntxiv tuaj yeem ntxiv rau lub npe zoo tsim nyog ntawm tus kws kos duab-keeb kwm - "painter-realist". Surikov cov hauj lwm, ib tug luv luv piav qhia ntawm nws paintings, lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm nws lub neej txoj kev tau kawm ntau xyoo los ntawm kos duab historians. Cov lus xaus ntawm kev tshawb fawb tsis yog ib txwm tsis meej, tab sis ib yam yog tseeb - tus kws kos duab Vasily Surikov yeej yog.cov cuab yeej ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai ntawm thawj magnitude.