2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Lub ntiaj teb ntawm suab paj nruag muaj ntau yam, ntau cov lus qhia tseem ceeb tsim lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai. Classical, symphony, blues, jazz, pop, rock and roll, pej xeem, lub teb chaws - muaj ntau hom thiab style kom haum txhua tus saj thiab txhua lub siab.
Keeb Kwm
Suab paj nruag raws li kev kos duab pib thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum rau, thaum thawj zaug hneev thiab plucked instruments tshwm. Ntau dhau los, cov kav dej qub, horns thiab cov kav dej tau tsim, uas tau tsim los ntawm reeds, tsiaj horns thiab lwm yam improvised txhais tau tias. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai twb tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug ceev ceev: ntau thiab ntau cov twj paj nruag tau tshwm sim, musicians pib sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv pab pawg, duets, trios, quartets, thiab tom qab nyob rau hauv orchestras.
Nkauj ntseeg music
Cov suab paj nruag tau tshwm sim ua ntej cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag, txij li thaum hu nkauj, kos duab ntawm lub suab yuav tsum muaj qee yam txheej txheem, muaj peev xwm sau cov suab paj nruag tsim rau ntawm daim ntawv thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd ua lawv. Qhov no yog li cas cov neeg ua haujlwm suab paj nruag thiab cov npe nrov xya sau tau tshwm sim. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntawv hauv ib qho kev txiav txim, nws muaj peev xwm tau txaismelody, compositionally uncomplicated, vim tsis muaj semitones. Tom qab ntawd ntse thiab tiaj tus tau tshwm sim, uas tam sim ntawd nthuav qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Tag nrho cov no cuam tshuam txog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj uas ua raws li lub hauv paus theoretical hauv suab paj nruag. Tab sis muaj ntau tus tswv uas ua si los ntawm pob ntseg nkaus xwb, lawv tsis paub txog kev xav suab paj nruag, lawv tsis xav tau. Cov suab paj nruag no suav nrog cov suab paj nruag thiab lub teb chaws suab paj nruag. Ob peb cim chords ntawm lub guitar lossis piano, thiab tus so yog ua los ntawm cov txuj ci ntuj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws ntaus nkauj no paub cov ntsiab lus uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lawv cov duab, tab sis tsuas yog superficially.
Nyob zoo rau cov ntsiab lus suab paj nruag
Yuav kom tsis txhob tsis meej pem hauv cov qauv thiab cov lus qhia ntawm cov suab paj nruag, ntau yam twj paj nruag thiab khoom siv, cov lus suab paj nruag tau tsim. Maj mam, txhua yam ntsig txog suab paj nruag tau txais nws lub npe. Thiab txij li cov suab paj nruag los ntawm ltalis, yuav luag tag nrho cov suab paj nruag tau txais yuav hauv Italian thiab hauv nws cov ntawv sau. Qee lub npe nkauj tau sau ua lus Fab Kis lossis Latin, nyob ntawm lawv keeb kwm. Cov ntsiab lus suab paj nruag Italian cuam tshuam tsuas yog daim duab dav dav thiab tuaj yeem hloov tau qee qhov xwm txheej los ntawm lwm cov npe uas zoo sib xws hauv lub ntsiab lus.
Italian keeb kwm
Suab paj nruag yog txheej txheej thoob ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai uas yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm loj. Cov ntsiab lus suab paj nruag tau pom zoo nyob rau theem ntawm pawg neeg hais lus ntawm cov thawj coj nyob sab Europe, suav nrog Ltalis, thiab yog litau txais kev cai lij choj. Kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tsev suab paj nruag thoob ntiaj teb yog ua raws li kev siv cov ntsiab lus raws li lawv daim ntawv thov - cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab phau ntawv tau tsim rau qhov no.
Nkauj hmoob
Lub suab nkauj nrov tshaj plaws yog "treble clef", sawv daws paub. Tus nqi ntawm cov npe nrov tshaj plaws yog qhov nyuaj rau overestimate, muaj ib hom ntawm axiom nyob rau hauv lawv cov spelling, tib yam tshwm sim thaum peb hnov ib tug zoo-paub kab lus. Piv txwv li, cov suab paj nruag feem ntau yog, ntawm chav kawm, "jazz". Rau ntau, nws yog txuam nrog Negro rhythms thiab txawv txawv.
Npe thiab kev faib tawm
Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis meej pem txhais lub suab nkauj nrov tshaj plaws. Lub npe "symphony", lub ntsiab lus rau cov suab paj nruag classic, tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau pawg no. Thaum peb hnov lo lus no, ib lub orchestra tshwm nyob rau ntawm peb ob lub qhov muag ntawm lub theem, violins thiab cellos, suab paj nruag sawv nrog sau ntawv thiab ib tug neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv ib tug tailcoat. Cov ntsiab lus suab paj nruag thiab cov ntsiab lus pab kom nkag siab txog qhov tshwm sim hauv lub tsev hais plaub thiab kom nkag siab zoo dua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm. Cov neeg tuaj koom nrog Philharmonic concerts yuav tsis cuam tshuam adagio nrog andante, vim hais tias txhua lo lus muaj nws tus kheej txhais.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv suab paj nruag
Cia li nthuav qhia rau koj mloog cov suab paj nruag nto moo tshaj plaws. Cov npe suav nrog cov npe xws li:
- Arpeggio - kev hloov ntawm cov ntawv sau ntawm chord hauv ib ntus, thaum lub suab sib txuas ib tom qab.
- Aria -ib lub suab ua haujlwm, ib feem ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, ua nrog lub suab paj nruag nrog.
- Variations - ib qho instrumental piece lossis fragments ntawm nws, ua nrog ntau yam teeb meem.
- Gamma - kev hloov ntawm cov ntawv hauv ib qho kev txiav txim, tab sis tsis muaj kev sib xyaw, nce lossis nqis mus rau qhov kev rov ua dua octave.
- Range - lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm lub suab qis tshaj thiab siab tshaj ntawm ib qho cuab yeej lossis lub suab.
- Suab hlua - suab teem ua ke nyob rau hauv qhov siab, zoo ib yam li lub teev. Cov nplai yuav muaj nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag los yog hauv lawv cov fragments.
- Cantata - ua haujlwm rau kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm lub suab paj nruag, soloists lossis hu nkauj.
- Clavier yog ib qho kev npaj ntawm lub suab paj nruag lossis kev ua yeeb yam rau kev txhais lus ntawm piano lossis hu nkauj nrog piano nrog.
- Opera yog hom suab paj nruag tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, txuas ua yeeb yam thiab suab paj nruag, suab paj nruag thiab ntaus pob.
- Prelude - kev taw qhia ua ntej lub ntsiab ntawm cov nkauj. Yuav siv tau ua ib daim ntawv ywj pheej rau ib daim me me.
- Romance yog ib daim rau kev ua suab paj nruag nrog nrog. Sib txawv ntawm kev xav romantic, melodiousness.
- Rondo - rov hais dua ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog kev suav nrog lwm ntu nrog cov ntu nruab nrab ntawm kev thim rov qab.
- Symphony yog ib txoj haujlwm ua los ntawm ib lub orchestra hauv plaub lub zog. Raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm sonata daim ntawv.
- Sonata yog ib qho cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntawm daim ntawv nyuaj los ntawm ntau qhov chaw, ib qho ntawm cov dominates.
- Suite yog ib daim suab paj nruag los ntawm ntau qhov chaw, sib txawv hauv cov ntsiab lus thiab sib piv.lwm yam.
- Overture - kev taw qhia rau kev ua haujlwm, luv luv nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Orchestral overtures feem ntau yog ib daim nkauj ntawm lawv tus kheej txoj cai.
- Piano yog ib lub npe sib koom ua ke rau cov cuab yeej ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ntaus rauj ntawm txoj hlua nrog tus yuam sij.
- Chromatic gamma - gamma ntawm semitones, tsim los ntawm kev sau cov semitones nruab nrab ntawm cov vib nas this loj.
- Vaktura yog ib txoj hauv kev qhia suab paj nruag. Lub ntsiab hom: piano, suab, choral, orchestral thiab instrumental.
- Tonality yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ntxhov siab hauv qhov siab. Tonality yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab cov suab nrov.
- Thib peb yog lub sijhawm peb kauj ruam. Loj thib peb - ob lub suab, me - ib thiab ib nrab tones.
- Solfeggio - cov chav kawm raws li txoj cai ntawm kev qhia nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim pob ntseg rau suab paj nruag thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob ntxiv.
- Scherzo yog lub suab paj nruag kos duab ntawm lub teeb, ua si zoo nkauj. Tej zaum yuav suav nrog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov suab paj nruag ua ib feem ntawm nws. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua ib daim nkauj ntawm ib leeg.
Lub suab paj nruag "allegro"
Qee yam kev dag yog dav. Ib qho piv txwv yog lub suab paj nruag "allegro" (allegro) - "ceev", "kev lom zem", "expressive". Nws tam sim ntawd paub meej tias txoj haujlwm muaj cov lus qhia loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub suab paj nruag "allegro" qhia txawv txawv, thiab qee zaumfestivity ntawm dab tsi tshwm sim. Cov style uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub tswv yim no zoo li yog lub neej zoo tshaj plaws. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus, lub suab paj nruag lo lus "allegro" txhais tau hais tias lub siab tus thiab ntsuas kev loj hlob ntawm zaj dab neeg, kev ua yeeb yam lossis kev ua yeeb yam. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tag nrho cov suab ntawm kev ua hauj lwm yog zoo siab thiab nthuav.
Cov ntsiab lus txhais style thiab hom suab paj nruag
Npe muab faib ua ob peb pawg. Tempo, atherosclerosis los yog ceev ntawm kev ua tau zoo txhais qee cov ntsiab lus suab paj nruag. Cim npe:
- Adagio (adagio) - calmly, maj mam.
- Adgitato (adgitato) - zoo siab, zoo siab, impulsive.
- Andante (andante) - ntsuas, maj mam, xav.
- Appassionato (appassionato) - muaj zog, nrog kev mob siab rau.
- Accelerando (accelerando) - nce nrawm, nrawm.
- Kalyando (calando) - nrog fading, txo qhov nrawm thiab txo qhov siab.
- Cantabile (cantabile) - melodious, chanting, nrog kev xav.
- Con dolcherezza (con dolcherezza) - softly, nrog rhiab.
- Con forza (con forza) - nrog quab yuam, assertively.
- Decrescendo (decrescendo) - maj mam txo lub zog ntawm lub suab.
- Dolce (dolce) - maj mam, nrog qab zib, softly.
- Doloroso (doloroso) - nrog kev tu siab, plintively, nrog kev poob siab.
- Forte (forte) - nrov, nrog quab yuam.
- Fortissimo (fortissimo) - muaj zog thiab nrov, thunderous.
- Largo (largo) - dav, ywj siab, maj mam.
- Legato (legato) - smoothly, calmly, serenely.
- Lento (lento) - maj mam, qeeb qeeb ntau dua.
- Legiero (legiero) - yooj yim, du, mindless.
- Maestoso (maestoso) - majestically, solemnly.
- Misterioso (misterioso) - ntsiag to, tsis paub.
- Moderato (moderato) - nruab nrab, nrog kev npaj, maj mam.
- Piano (piano) - ntsiag to, ntsiag to.
- Pianissimo (pianissimo) - ntsiag to, muffled.
- Presto (presto) - nrawm, khaus.
- Sempre (sempre) - mus tas li, tsis hloov.
- Spirituoso (spirituozo) - sab ntsuj plig, nrog kev xav.
- Staccato (staccato) - abruptly.
- Vivace - nyob, sai, tsis nres.
- Vivo (vivo) - pace, qhov nruab nrab ntawm presto thiab allegro.
Technical terminology
- Lub treble clef yog lub cim tshwj xeeb tso rau ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub suab paj nruag, qhia tias daim ntawv ntawm thawj octave "G" yog nyob rau kab thib ob ntawm stave.
- Tus ntses bass thaj tsam yog lub cim lees paub qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv "fa" ntawm me me octave ntawm kab plaub ntawm stave.
- Bekar - lub cim qhia txog kev tshem tawm ntawm cov paib "paj" thiab "ntse". Nws yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim.
- Sharp - lub cim uas qhia tias muaj suab nrov ntxiv. Nws yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim.
- Plat - ib lub cim uas txo lub suab los ntawm ib qho semitone. Nws yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim.
- Double-ntse - lub cim qhia lub suab nce los ntawm ob lub suab nrov, tag nrho lub suab. Nws yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim.
- ob-flat -ib lub cim qhia txog qhov txo qis hauv suab los ntawm ob lub suab nrov, tag nrho lub suab. Nws yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim.
- Zack yog qhov ntsuas tsis tiav uas ua rau muaj suab paj nruag.
- Cov cim qhia uas txo cov suab paj nruag ua haujlwm kom yooj yim rau cov suab paj nruag yooj yim thaum nws loj heev. Feem ntau: tremolo, rerise marks, melismatic marks.
- Quintole - ib daim ntawv ntawm tsib daim ntawv, hloov cov pawg ib txwm ntawm plaub daim ntawv, qhov kev xaiv yog tus lej 5, hauv qab lossis saum toj sau ntawv.
- Key - lub cim uas qhia qhov chaw kaw suab ntawm tus kav suab paj nruag nrog rau lwm lub suab.
- Cov cim tseem ceeb yog qhov xwm txheej muab tso rau ntawm tus yuam sij.
- Note - ib lub cim tso rau ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kab ntawm stave lossis nruab nrab ntawm lawv, qhia lub suab thiab lub sijhawm ntawm lub suab.
- Cov neeg ua haujlwm ceeb toom - tsib kab sib npaug rau kev sau ntawv. Cov ntawv sau tau npaj los ntawm qab mus rau saum.
- Cov qhab nia yog cov suab paj nruag, cais rau txhua tus neeg koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, suav nrog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov suab thiab cov cuab yeej.
- Reprise - lub cim qhia txog qhov rov ua dua ntawm ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm. Rov ua ntu ntu nrog qee qhov kev hloov pauv.
- Kauj Ruam - xaiv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub suab ntawm kev ntxhov siab, qhia los ntawm Roman tus lej.
suab paj nruag rau txhua lub sijhawm
Suab paj nruag terminology yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tam sim no. Yog tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus, nws tsis tuaj yeem sau ntawv, thiab tsis muaj ntawv sau, tus kws tshaj lij tshuab raj lossis tus hu nkauj yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua si lossis hu nkauj. Cov ntsiab lus yog kev kawm - lawv tsis hloov nrog lub sijhawm thiab tsis dhau los ua ib yam ntawm yav dhau los. Invented tshaj peb puas xyoo dhau los, lawv tseem cuam tshuam.
Pom zoo:
Cov cim suab paj nruag, cov cim thiab cov twj paj nruag. Ib daim suab paj nruag ua si zoo siab txais tos
Suab paj nruag yog dab tsi: daim duab kos duab, cov suab uas zoo rau pob ntseg, lossis ib yam dab tsi uas kov tau tus neeg lub siab? Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom muab ib tug unambiguous teb rau lo lus nug no. Suab paj nruag tsis yog yooj yim thiab unpretentious li nws yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Nws feem ntau lees paub tias tsuas yog cov kws ua yeeb yam tiag tiag tuaj yeem nkag siab nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Hauv peb tsab xov xwm niaj hnub no, cov neeg nyeem tau raug caw kom paub txog qee qhov ntawm nws cov hauv paus
Muag Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Cov Qauv Suab Nkauj, Kev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij thiab Kev Muag Khoom
Ntau lub sijhawm dhau los, tib neeg tsis siv discs, cassettes lossis cov ntaub ntawv yas, nyiam mloog nkauj hauv Is Taws Nem. Thiab tsuas yog cov kiv cua nyiam tshaj plaws tau luam tawm ntawm lub cev tawm, vim tias txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kws kos duab thiab ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov khoom tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qeb duas ntawm cov khoom muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, cia mus
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
Vivaldi: ib daim ntawv teev cov haujlwm, cov suab paj nruag nto moo tshaj plaws thiab keeb kwm ntawm lawv cov kev tsim
Vivaldi - txhua tus paub lub npe ntawm tus kws sau nkauj no. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj tsis paub txog nws virtuoso violin tej hauj lwm, lawv nrog peb nyob txhua qhov chaw. Qhov no yog vim hais tias txhua tus ntawm lawv yog incredibly zoo nkauj, tshwj xeeb, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm recognizable vim lub composer lub unified style. Cov npe ntawm Vivaldi cov haujlwm yog dav thiab ntau yam. Cov no yog operas, concertos, sonatas thiab me me, qee qhov uas tsis tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no
Cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws: txhais, kev taw qhia hauv kev kos duab, nta ntawm cov duab thiab cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws
Abstract art, uas tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab, yog ib qho kev taw qhia uas tau tso tseg cov ntawv uas ze rau qhov tseeb li sai tau. Tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus to taub, nws muab impetus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cubism thiab expressionism. Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm abstractionism yog tsis-objectivity, uas yog, tsis muaj ib tug recognizable khoom nyob rau hauv lub canvas, thiab cov neeg tuaj saib pom ib yam dab tsi incomprehensible thiab dhau qhov kev tswj ntawm logic, uas yog tshaj li ib txwm kev xaav
