Alfred Schnittke, "Cov Lus Qhia Hloov Kho". Kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Taganka Theatre "Revizskaya Tale"

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Cov lus piav qhia niaj hnub no yog ib qho ntawm cov ntawv sau zoo heev uas pab ua kev tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm. Thiab qhov no yog qhov kev ua yeeb yam zoo ntawm Moscow Taganka Theatre.

Nkauj kho siab yog dab tsi?

Cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog txhawm rau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman, uas yog ib tug audited, uas muaj lub hom phiaj ntawm taxing cov pejxeem ib tug neeg. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tau siv nyob rau hauv 18th thiab 19th centuries. Cov ntaub ntawv kho dua tshiab yog ib daim ntawv teev cov pej xeem ntawm txhua lub xeev, qhia cov npe, cov neeg muaj npe, npe, hnub nyoog ntawm txhua tus neeg nyob. Kev kho dua yog tib qhov kev suav pej xeem ntawm cov pej xeem. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog, cov kev suav pej xeem tales tau sau los ntawm cov txwj laus ntawm cov zos thiab cov zos, thiab nyob rau hauv lub nroog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub nroog tsoom fwv tau koom nyob rau hauv qhov no. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 10 kev hloov kho tau ua thaum lub sijhawm muaj cov ntaub ntawv no. Cov neeg ntawm ob leeg poj niam, ob leeg txiv neej thiab poj niam, tau nkag mus rau hauv cov lus hloov kho. Tab sis tsuas yog cov txiv neej tau suav nrog hauv cov lus qhia, cov poj niam tsis haum rau qhov ntawd. Piv txwv li, cov lus hloov kho ntawm lub xeev Orenburg tso cai rau koj kom paub seb cov neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam no zoo li cas los ntawm 1834 txog 1919. Muaj pes tsawg lub tshav puamvaj tse nyob, muaj pes tsawg tus poj niam, txiv neej, menyuam yaus, cov neeg laus. Kev kho cov dab neeg ntawm lub xeev Orenburg tam sim no khaws cia rau hauv cov nyiaj ntawm lub xeev cov ntaub ntawv.

Daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg tau hloov peb zaug. Cov neeg uas suav nrog hauv daim ntawv no tau hu ua kev kho dua tshiab. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no kuj tso cai rau peb tam sim no paub tias qhov chaw nyob twg yog ib feem ntawm ib cheeb tsam. Piv txwv li, kev kho cov dab neeg ntawm Tambov xeev hais tias nws suav nrog cov zos xws li Olemenevo, Akselmeevo, Novoselki, Inina Sloboda; cov zos ntawm Zhdanaia, Nikolaevka, Hav Zoov Paj thiab lwm yam.

NV Gogol yuav ua li cas nrog nws?

Txhua tus paub tias Nikolai Vasilyevich muaj ib txoj haujlwm hu ua "Tuag Souls". Yog li, nws tsis yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho ntawm tus sau lub fantasy, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug tiag tiag keeb kwm qhov tseeb uas tau tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tus coj ntawm xws revisions, uas tau hais los saum toj no. Kev hloov tshiab tau tsim los ntawm kev suav pej xeem. Qhov ntawd yog, peb tuaj yeem hais tias kev hloov kho ntxiv tau ua tiav. Lawv tau raug hu los tsim kom muaj tag nrho cov ntsuj plig uas tau sau tseg hauv zaj dab neeg thaum lub sijhawm kev suav pej xeem yav dhau los. Yog vim li cas ib tug neeg tsis tuaj (tuag, thiab lwm yam), ces cov ntaub ntawv no raug kaw.

Raws li txoj cai, cov lus qhia meej ntawm cov lus hloov kho twb tau raug ntaus nqi rau kev suav pej xeem tom ntej. Tus ntsuj plig uas ploj lawm tau txiav txim siab muaj mus txog qhov kev hloov kho tom ntej, txawm tias tus neeg tuag. Yog li, lub xeev tau nce kev sau se ntawm ib tus neeg. Tab sis rau qhov tsis huv ntawm tes, ua tsaug rau qhov no,zoo heev rau kev siv txoj cai no rau koj tus kheej lub hom phiaj. Nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsim txom uas tau tshwm sim hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol "Tuag Souls".

"Revizskaya Tale" ntawm Taganka Theatre

"Revizskaya Tale" yog ib qho kev ua yeeb yam uas tau ua nyob rau xyoo 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th los ntawm Yuri Lyubimov ntawm Taganka Theatre, uas nws tau coj mus txog rau hnub kawg ntawm nws lub neej thiab qhov twg nws yog tus thawj coj tseem ceeb. Cov suab paj nruag rau kev ua yeeb yam tau sau los ntawm tus kws sau nkauj Alfred Schnittke, nws hu ua "Gogol Suite". "Revizskaya Tale" ntawm Taganka Theatre tau teeb tsa nws tus kheej lub hom phiaj ntawm kev nthuav tawm rau cov neeg saib lub ntiaj teb sab hauv ntawm Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, qhia txog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm nws tus ntsuj plig. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tau zoo yog tsim los ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem yas. Hauv kev ua yeeb yam, cov lus los ntawm kev ua haujlwm "Tuag Souls" suab: "Rus! Koj xav tau dab tsi los ntawm kuv?.. Thiab vim li cas txhua yam uas nyob hauv koj tig qhov muag tag nrho ntawm kev cia siab rau kuv? Yog li, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hmoo ntawm NV Gogol nws tus kheej, uas tau nug cov lus nug ntawm qhov nws txhais tau tias "ua ib tus kws sau ntawv" hauv peb lub tebchaws, tawg rau hauv qhov kev ua yeeb yam.

Kev tsim tawm ntawm "Revizskaya Tale" suav nrog cov ntawv sau los ntawm ntau yam haujlwm ntawm Nikolai Vasilyevich - cov no yog "Tuag Souls", "Overcoat", "Notes of a Madman", Inspector General", "Portrait", "Nse", "Tus Sau Ntawv lees txim" thiab txawm tias cov ntawv Gogol uas tsis tau hais ua ntej los ntawm theem. Hauv kev ua yeeb yam, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm theem qhia tau siv ua ke, uas raug rau ib lub ntsiab lus, cov neeg ua yeeb yam siv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua si, ua tsaug rau qhov kev tsim khoom sib haum rau lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm V. E. Meyerhold - koj yuav tsum ua si tsis tsuas yog qhov kev ua si xwb, tab sis kuj "tus neeg sau" tag nrho. Taganka Theatre hauv nws tus kheej tau nthuav tawm zaj dab neeg ntawm "Tuag Souls" rau cov neeg saib. "Revizskaya Tale" yog ib qho kev tsim tawm uas xav kom cov neeg tuaj saib teb rau qhov kev xav ntawm pej xeem. Hauv kev ua yeeb yam, cov cim tau pom zoo ib yam li cov monuments, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam cov duab ntawm cov neeg tuag immobility uas muaj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig NV. Gogol lub neej. Tam sim no qhov kev tsim tawm ntawm "Revizskaya Tale" tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub repertoire ntawm Taganka Theatre.

Music for the play

"Kev sib tsoo ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab lub hauv paus hauv nws cov ntawv sau, kev siv banal - tag nrho cov no, tau kawg, cuam tshuam rau kuv mus rau qhov zoo. Kev ntaus yog lub npog ntsej muag zoo rau txhua tus dab ntxwg nyoog, txoj hauv kev kom nkag mus rau hauv tus ntsuj plig. Yog li tus kws sau ntawv Alfred Schnittke tau hais txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm N. V. Gogol. Nws tsis yog coincidence tias "Revizskaya Tale" tau sau nrog suab paj nruag rau qhov zoo li no. Nikolai Vasilyevich yog ib tug neeg ntaus suab paj nruag. Nws txuas qhov tseem ceeb rau hom kev kos duab no. Tus kws sau ntawv paub cov suab paj nruag. Operas tau tsim raws li cov phiaj xwm ntawm nws cov haujlwm. Lub creation ntawm A. Schnittke "Revision Tale" yog ib tug ntau lawm nyob rau hauv uas suab paj nruag yog ib qho tseem ceeb ib feem, nws plays lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm no, ua tsaug rau nws qhov tsim nyog qhov chaw thiab lub sij hawm ntawm kev txiav txim yog tsim nyob rau theem ntawm lub ua yeeb yam.

Zaj dab neeg hauv suab paj nruag

Suite A. Schnittke, uas suab thaum lub sij hawm "Revision Tale", muaj yim ntu:

1. "Kev tawm tsam".
2. Childhood of Chichikov.
3. "Portrait".
4. khaub noom.
5. Ferdinand VIII.
6. "cov tub ceev xwm".
7. "Pob".
8. "Yuav".

Tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua si

Lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua si "Tshuaj Kho Dua Tshiab" yog Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol nws tus kheej. Tus so ntawm cov cim yog cov cim los ntawm tus kws sau cov haujlwm:

• YPavel Ivanovich Chichikov.
• Aksenty Ivanovich Poprishchin.
• Y Andrey Petrovich Chertkov.
• Akaky Akakievich Bashmachkin.
• Spanish King Ferdinand VIII.
• Ib tug tsis muaj npe tus neeg seev cev uas nws lub cev nyob ntawm lub rooj ua haujlwm, tab sis nws tus ntsuj plig nyob hauv kev ua yeeb yam.

Tom qab kev tshaj tawm tas lawm, ib tsob ntoo me me tau tshwm sim rau ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib, uas loj hlob thiab tig mus rau hauv tus menyuam lub taub hau. Nws hnav lub kaus mom. Lub taub hau tau pub nrog porridge los ntawm ib rab diav, nws tau noj nrog kev qab los noj mov thiab maj mam loj tuaj. Tom qab ntawd ib tug txiv neej tau tshwm sim los ntawm nws, ib qho nruab nrab, lossis tsis muaj leej twg. Qhov no yog Chichikov. Hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm theem, muaj cov lus hais txog tus tub hluas uas paub yuav ua li cas txuag thiab txuag nyiaj. Lwm qhov kev txiav txim yog ib feem ntawm zaj dab neeg "Portrait". Qhia ntawm no yog ib tug Artist uas poob nws lub koob meej. Vim li no, nws poob rau hauv kev poob siab, poob lub peev xwm los tsim cov khoom tsim nyog tshiab ntawm kev kos duab, nws muaj lub siab xav ua pauj rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb rau qhov no thiab rhuav tshem tag nrho cov masterpieces. Tam sim no qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau pauv mus rau zaj dab neeg "Lub Overcoat". Cov khaub ncaws ntawm no tau txais ib qho txawv incarnation - nws tsis yog khaub ncaws, tab sis ib tug poj niam nyob - ib tug phooj ywg, tus poj niam, uas tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb hlub heev. Ib feem tom ntej ntawm kev ua yeeb yam yog ib feem ntawm zaj dab neeg "Cov Tub Ceev Xwm". Muaj ntau ntawm lawv, lawv txhua tus tib yam, tsis muaj npe, lawv txhua tus muaj tib lub tsho dawb sawv ntsug thiab cov plaub tis. Ib hom tsiaj uas tsis muaj qhov kawg ntawm tib neeg tus ntsuj plig, qee qhov ntawm lawv, tej zaum, ntev ntev, tau hloov los ntawm lub pob. Tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb yog nyob rau theem dua, nws nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov cim nws tsim, lawv luag rau nws, ua ntsej muag thiab ua ntsej muag rau nws.

Tus sau lub tswv yim ua si

Yuri Petrovich Lyubimov - ua yeeb yam, tus thawj coj, tus thawj coj kos duab ntawm Taganka Theatre thiab tus tsim ntawm kev ua yeeb yam "Revizskaya Tale" - yug rau lub Cuaj Hlis 30, 1917 hauv Yaroslavl. Nyob rau hauv 1922 nws tsiv mus rau Moscow nrog nws niam nws txiv, tus tij laug thiab tus muam. Nyob rau hauv 1934, Yu. Lyubimov nkag mus rau lub studio tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub Moscow Art Theatre-2. Nyob rau hauv 1936 nws tau txais mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub E. Vakhtangov Theatre. Tom qab kawm tiav, xyoo 1941, Y. Lyubimov tau raug tsim kho rau hauv cov tub rog, qhov chaw uas nws tau ua haujlwm hauv Nkauj thiab seev cev, tsim kom muaj kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov tub rog.

Tom qab tsov rog, Yuri Lyubimov tau mus ua haujlwm ua yeeb yam ntawm E. Vakhtangov Theatre. Nyob rau hauv parallel nrog nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam, nws ua yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv 1959, Yuri Petrovich sim nws tus kheej ua tus thawj coj. Nws qhov kev tsim tawm tau ua tiav zoo, thiab nws tau raug caw los tuav lub taub hau ntawm Taganka Theatre.

Role players

Cov neeg ua yeeb yam zoo heev tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim "Revizskaya Tale". Gogol N. V. tau txawj ua si los ntawm Cov Neeg Artist ntawm Russia Felix Antipov. Qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau ua si los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam paub rau pej xeemzaj duab xis luag hauj lwm: Ivan Bortnik, Veniamin Smekhov, Boris Khmelnitsky, thiab lwm yam zoo artists.