Kev piav qhia ntawm Baroque style. Sculpture "Apollo thiab Daphne", "Lub Rape ntawm Proserpina" (Bernini)
Kev piav qhia ntawm Baroque style. Sculpture "Apollo thiab Daphne", "Lub Rape ntawm Proserpina" (Bernini)

Video: Kev piav qhia ntawm Baroque style. Sculpture "Apollo thiab Daphne", "Lub Rape ntawm Proserpina" (Bernini)

Video: Kev piav qhia ntawm Baroque style. Sculpture
Video: Кама Гинкас и Генриетта Яновская // Главная роль. Эфир 11.03.2021 @SMOTRIM_KULTURA 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Kev kos duab puab tuaj rau peb ntawm qhov tob ntawm ntau txhiab xyoo. Teb chaws Europe tau kawm classical Hellenic tej hauj lwm ntawm kos duab thaum lub sij hawm Renaissance los ntawm Roman cov ntawv luam. Tab sis lub zog tsiv inexorably rau pem hauv ntej. Lub xyoo pua 17th xav tau lwm yam kev qhia ntawm kev xav. Qhov no yog li cas qhov "bizarre" thiab "strange" baroque tshwm sim. Sculpture, painting, architecture, ntawv nyeem - tag nrho cov teb rau lub sij hawm hu.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub sij hawm

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lo lus "Baroque" ua rau muaj kev sib cav ntau. Ib tug Portuguese version yog npaj - "Pearl", cov duab uas tsis yog. Cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm cov qauv no hu ua nws "tsis zoo", "pretentious", raws li qhov style no txawv txawv ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv classical, nrog rau kev xav, txhim kho los ntawm teeb pom kev zoo.

Style signs

pomp thiab grandeur, illusion thiab kev muaj tiag, txhob txwm tshaj tawm kev zoo siab thiab qee qhov tsis zoo - qhov no yog txhua yam Baroque style. Sculpture yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws, uas qhia txog kev nthuav tawm ntawm tib neeg cov duab hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb, nrog rau kev xav thiab kev xav ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm tus cwj pwm. Cov duab tau muab nyob rau hauv ceev thiab ntse txav, lawv lub ntsej muagdistorted by grimaces of mob, tu siab, xyiv fab.

baroque duab puab
baroque duab puab

Lorenzo Bernini tsim cov duab zoo nkauj thiab nruj hauv nws cov haujlwm. Nrog kev pab ntawm ib lub pob zeb tuag, nws piav qhia cov lus piav qhia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv lub teeb. Kev ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj piv rau L. Bernini lub sijhawm tam sim no yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau peb lub sijhawm. Baroque duab puab tau tsa los ntawm qhov kev txawj ntse no mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws. Nws mob siab ua kom zoo li ib daim duab ua tsaug rau kev txawj hloov ntawm lub teeb thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo. Cov duab kos tuaj yeem pom los ntawm txhua lub ces kaum, thiab txhua zaus lawv yuav zoo tag nrho.

abduction ntawm proserpina
abduction ntawm proserpina

Qhov no tshwm sim vim tias cov khoom siv yog subordinated rau lub tswv yim kos duab. Kev ua hauj lwm ntawm tus sculptor baroque, duab puab tshwj xeeb, los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib puag ncig, nrog rau cov huab cua nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Nws yog Baroque uas qhib rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, hauv lub vaj thiab chaw ua si, qhov tseem ceeb tshiab hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov duab puab.

Yuav ua li cas tus sculptor ua haujlwm

Tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij Michelangelo tuaj yeem nqa lub pob zeb marble thiab txiav tawm txhua yam tsis tsim nyog, tsim kom muaj ib qho txuj ci. Qhov tseem ceeb yog yuav ua li cas cov duab yug nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm tus sculptor, dab tsi muaj tswv yim tsim txom nws yog txuam nrog, yuav ua li cas txhua txhua yam yog xav txog, yuav ua li cas sculptor pom lub neej yav tom ntej tshwm sim ua ntej, thiab yuav ua li cas nws mob siab rau mus ze rau lub kev xav zoo tagnrho. Qhov no yog li cas cov neeg muaj tswv yim tau ua haujlwm rau ntau pua xyoo. Baroque style tsis muaj qhov zam. Cov duab puab tau tsim los siv tib cov txheej txheem. Lorenzo Bernini, raws li nws tus kheej hais, marble subdued zoo li siv quav ciab.

lus dab neeg ntawm kev nyiag neeg ntawm Proserpina

Cov duab puab AbductionProserpines” tau txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kos duab hluas L. Bernini (1621-1622) Cardinal Scipio Borghese. Tus tswv tsuas muaj 23 xyoos xwb. Nws tau txiav txim siab los qhia kom meej meej raws li qhov ua tau txhua yam kev xav uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ntes cov tub ntxhais hluas Proserpina los ntawm Pluto. Cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm Demeter tus ntxhais tau dhau mus zoo siab, uas tau frolicked thiab seev cev nrog nws cov phooj ywg hauv cov nyom thiab hav zoov. Nws thiab nws niam tsis paub tias tus muaj zog Zeus txiav txim siab los ua nws tus poj niam ntawm tus kav ntiaj teb, Pluto. Ib zaug, thaum taug kev, nws nyiam paj. Proserpine plucked nws. Nws yog nyob rau lub sijhawm no uas tus huab tais tsaus ntuj ntawm lub nceeg vaj ntxoov ntxoo thiab cov neeg tuag, Pluto, tau tshwm sim los hauv qab lub ntiaj teb ntawm lub tsheb loj kub. Tsuas yog Helios pom saum ntuj ceeb tsheej yuav ua li cas tus vaj tswv muaj zog rub thiab coj kev zoo nkauj hauv av. Proserpina tsuas muaj sijhawm los qw.

Sculpture los ntawm Lorenzo Bernini

Lub cev muaj zog "Lub Rape ntawm Proserpina" yog qhov sib npaug thiab sib luag.

baroque duab puab
baroque duab puab

Pluto lub cev muaj zog, nrog cov biceps nruj thiab ua tib zoo carved calf cov leeg, cov leeg o thiab ligaments, ruaj khov heev ua tsaug rau ob txhais ceg dav sib nrug thiab lub hauv caug thawb rau pem hauv ntej. Daim duab ntawm Proserpina writhes nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes. Nrog ib txhais tes, nws thawb Pluto lub taub hau tawm ntawm nws, thiab nrog rau lwm tus, hauv kev thov kev pab, nws cuam nws. Nrog nws lub duav thiab nws lub cev tag nrho, tus ntxhais hluas thawb nws tus kheej kom deb ntawm tus vaj tswv zoo kawg nkaus. Kua muag ntws los ntawm nws lub ntsej muag.

duab puab
duab puab

Nws yog txhua yam - maj nrawm, kom muaj kev ywj pheej. Lub cev me me ntawm tus ntxhais yog nruj thiab maj mam tuav los ntawm tus ntiv tes zoo nkauj ntawm Vajtswv. Lawv lub cev tsim ib qho chaw ruaj khov X-zoo li muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ua ntejkab pheeb ces kaum khiav los ntawm Pluto txhais ceg teem ib sab mus rau lub taub hau tilted. Qhov thib ob - los ntawm txoj cai ceg ntawm Proserpina, lub cev thiab lub taub hau ntawm Vajtswv. Lub cev ntawm cov cim, suav nrog Cerberus, uas yog tsim los sib npaug ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, saib zoo heev. Yog tias koj saib ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab nyob rau hauv cov teeb pom kev sib txawv, koj tau txais cov teebmeem phem lossis qhov sov so ntawm lub ntsej muag. Tsis tas li ntawd nthuav yog qhov sib piv ntawm du, softly rounded lub cev nrog shaggy Cerberus plaub hau. Uas yog li cas exciting art yuav ua tau. Cov duab puab muab lub tswv yim tias lawv yog ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Tab sis nws tsis yog. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv tias cov plaub hau ntawm lub taub hau ntawm tus vaj tswv zoo li tau tawg los ntawm cov cua, thiab lawv saib zoo heev. Txoj hauj lwm "Lub Abduction ntawm Proserpina" yuav tsum tau taug kev nyob ib ncig ntawm lub voj voog, ces nws yuav tig tawm hais tias muaj tsawg kawg nkaus tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab lus tus tswv tsim ib tug masterpiece nrog ib tug tsis muaj kev vam meej ntxhais thiab Pluto, unshakable nyob rau hauv nws lub siab nyiam.

Qhov thib ob xaj ntawm Cardinal Borghese

Zoo siab los ntawm qhov ua tiav ntawm tus kws kos duab ua haujlwm, Cardinal Borghese hauv xyoo 1622 tau txib nws cov lus hauv qab no. Nws kuj yog raws li Greek myths xwb. Nws paub txog cov neeg Italians paub txog Ovid's Metamorphoses. Cov kab hauv qab yog tias Apollo, ntaus los ntawm Cupid xub, pom tus nymph zoo nkauj thiab pib caum nws. Tam sim no nws twb hla nws lawm, tab sis tus neeg khiav tawm tau pib thov Vajtswv rau nws txiv, tus vajtswv ntawm tus dej, thov kev pab, thiab ua ntej lub qhov muag ntawm Apollo xav tsis thoob, nws tig mus rau hauv tsob ntoo laurel. Cov duab puab "Apollo thiab Daphne" los ntawm Bernini qhia raws nraim lub sijhawm thaum ob txhais ceg ntawm nymph tig mus rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav, thiab cov ntiv tes rau hauv ceg ntoo nrog nplooj.

duab puab apollo thiab daphne bernini
duab puab apollo thiab daphne bernini

Tsis muaj dab tsi tshuav ntawm nws tab sis nws txoj kev zoo nkauj radiant. Phoebus tsis poob nws txoj kev hlub rau nws. Nws hnia cov tawv ntoo uas zais lub cev ntawm nymph, thiab muab tso rau ntawm nws lub taub hau ib wreath ntawm laurel ceg. Cov neeg txawj ntse ntawm Bernini muab paj huam rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Nws qhia txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev hloov pauv. Tshwj xeeb yog Daphne. Nws ib pab tub rog, ntog ntawm nws lub xub pwg nyom, tig mus rau hauv ib tug bark, nws ob txhais tes rau hauv ceg. Qhov kev qhia ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm nymph yog ib qho xwm txheej. Vajtswv saib nws nrog kev cia siab tsis kawg thiab tsis ntseeg tias nws yuav hloov. Cov duab puab no qhia txog kev hlub tsis muaj nqis. Nws hais tias kev nrhiav kev lom zem hauv ntiaj teb tuaj yeem ua rau poob siab thiab, ntxiv rau, ua phem rau lwm tus.

Ob qho tib si tam sim no tso rau ntawm Borghese Gallery hauv Rome.

Pom zoo: