Aphorisms ntawm Kozma Prutkov thiab lawv lub ntsiab lus. Qhov luv tshaj aphorism ntawm Kozma Prutkov. Kozma Prutkov: kev xav, quotes thiab aphorisms

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Kozma Prutkov yog qhov tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tsis yog rau Lavxias nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv. Muaj cov dab neeg tsis tseeb uas tau muab monuments, tsev cia puav pheej tau qhib hauv cov tsev uas lawv "nyob", tab sis tsis muaj leej twg muaj lawv tus kheej biography, sau ua haujlwm, thuam lawv txoj haujlwm thiab cov neeg koom nrog.

Aphorisms los ntawm Kozma Prutkov tau luam tawm hauv cov ntawv xov xwm zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau xyoo 19th xws li Sovremennik, Iskra thiab Kev Lom Zem. Ntau tus kws sau ntawv nto moo thaum ntawd ntseeg tias yog tus neeg tiag tiag.

"Tus Saib Xyuas" ntawm tus phab ej

Kozma Prutkov tshwm sim ua tsaug rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Zhemchuzhnikov cov kwv tij, Alexei, Vladimir thiab Alexander, thiab suav Alexei Tolstoy. Cov kwv tij Zhemchuzhnikov tuaj ntawm ib tug laus Lavxias teb sab tsev neeg, uas muaj xws li cov tswv xeev, stewards thiab senators. Alexey, Alexander thiab Vladimiryog cov kws sau paj huam, thiab lawv tus tij laug Leo yog tus kws kos duab nto moo thiab kos npe.

Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy yog tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias nto moo, ua yeeb yam thiab kws sau paj huam. Kozma Prutkov, uas nws cov quotations thiab aphorisms tau hlub los ntawm ntau ntawm lawv contemporaries, sawv ua tsaug rau qhov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm kev ua si co-sau los ntawm Tolstoy thiab Alexei Zhemchuzhnikov. Nicholas kuv, uas nyob rau ntawm qhov kev ua yeeb yam, tsis txaus siab, qhov kev ua si raug tshem tawm ntawm lub repertoire, thiab nyob rau hauv kev ua pauj, cov kwv tij pib sau parodies ntawm paj huam txaus siab rau tsar nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Kozma Prutkov.

Maj mam luam tawm hauv ntau cov ntawv tshaj tawm sawv cev ntawm Prutkov, muaj ntau yam haujlwm uas cov neeg tsim yuav tsum muab rau nws tsis yog tsuas yog biography, tab sis kuj zoo li. Yog li, lawv dhau los ua cov neeg txhawb nqa thiab cov kws pab tswv yim ntawm graphomaniac lawv tsim.

Biography ntawm Kozma Prutkov

Cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm Kozma Prutkov, uas tau txais koob meej hauv kev sau ntawv, tau los ua qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau lawv tus kws sau ntawv kom pom nws lub ntsej muag. Qhia nyob rau hauv 1854 los ntawm cov kwv tij Zhemchuzhnikov thiab Tolstoy, Prutkov, raws li lawv, yug nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 11, 1803 nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Tenteleva. Nws txawm muaj nws lub vaj tse me me, Pustynka, tsis deb ntawm Sablino chaw nres tsheb.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 17 xyoo, lub neej yav tom ntej graphomaniac tau nkag mus rau hauv tub rog ua tub rog nyob rau hauv Hussar regiment, qhov chaw nws ua haujlwm rau me ntsis ntau dua 2 xyoos. Tom qab so haujlwm, Kozma tau koom nrog Assay Chamber, qhov chaw uas nws tau ua haujlwm tiav.

Prutkov tuag rau 1863-13-01 vim muaj kev poob siab uas overtook nws hauv kev pabcuam hauvdirector's office.

Prutkov hauv kev ua tub rog

Tub rog aphorisms ntawm Kozma Prutkov tau tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm nws txoj kev nco txog kev ua tub rog, uas tau xaus nrawm heev. Yog vim li cas thiaj li tawm hauv lub tub rog nyob rau hauv 1823 yog npau suav tias ib tug hluas hussar nyob rau hmo ntuj ntawm nws lub hnub yug rau lub Plaub Hlis 11.

Cosma npau suav ntawm ib tug liab qab brigadier, hais kom nws sawv thiab raws nws. Tom qab taug kev los ntawm txoj kev tsaus ntuj, tus thawj coj tau coj tus tub hluas hussar mus rau lub crypt rau saum lub roob, uas nws pib tau txais cov khoom kim heev thiab qhia nws. Tom qab tus thawj coj tub ceev xwm khiav ib daim ntaub hla Prutkov lub cev, nws raug ntaus los ntawm qhov tam sim no thiab sawv.

Txawm hais tias npau suav tshwm sim tom qab haus cawv hnyav, nws ua rau nws xav tsis thoob rau Kozma tias nws tau tawm haujlwm.

Los ntawm qhov kev pabcuam luv luv no, cov neeg nyeem tau paub txog nws qhov "tsim" kev xav txog tub rog:

• "Thaum tsim lub tsho tshiab rau cov tub rog, nco ntsoov tias lawv tau noj thiab haus."
• "Cia lub hom phiaj ntawm tub rog txoj kev ntshaw yog qhov haum ntawm cov mos txwv."
• "Yog koj xav ua neeg zoo, koom nrog hussars" thiab ntau ntxiv.

kev ua haujlwm pabcuam pej xeem

Kozma Prutkov, uas nws cov lus hais thiab cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg tau ua tiav nrog cov pej xeem, tau ua haujlwm zoo tsis yog hauv kev sau ntawv xwb.

Cov tub ceev xwm saib xyuas cov tub ntxhais hluas ua haujlwm ntawm Assay Chamber tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, vim lawv pom nws lub siab ua haujlwm, uas lawv txhawb nqa thiab muab nqi zog rau nws. Kozma cov txuj ci tau tso cai rau nwsmus los ntawm ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm yooj yim mus rau lub siab tshaj plaws pej xeem qeb ntawm lub xeev councilor thiab tau txais tsis tau tsuas yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub Assay Chamber, tab sis kuj lub Order ntawm St. Stanislav 1st degree.

Kozma Prutkov's aphorisms txog kev pabcuam pej xeem tsis muaj tsawg dua li hais txog kev ua tub rog. "Tsuas yog hauv kev pabcuam pej xeem koj tuaj yeem kawm qhov tseeb," nws ntseeg siab. "Yog tias tsis muaj tus kws txiav plaub hau, koj yuav ua li cas paub qhov txawv ntawm cov chaw pabcuam?" yog ib lo lus nug tseem ceeb rau txhua tus nom.

Cov phooj ywg ntawm tus sau tsis muaj hmoo thiab nws cov neeg saib xyuas kev sau ntawv Tolstoy thiab Zhemchuzhnikovs txhawb nqa lawv pawg ntseeg kom tshaj tawm lawv cov haujlwm. Yog li, phau ntawv "Kev xav thiab Aphorisms" los ntawm Kozma Prutkov tau yug los, uas muaj nws cov lus hais txog lub neej, kev hlub thiab ntau ntxiv.

Literary career

thawj qhov kev paub txog kev sau ntawv tshiab ntawm graphomaniac yog nws qhov kev ua si "Fantasy", kev tsim tawm uas ua tsis tiav nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Kev poob siab los ntawm qhov no, Prutkov xav tso nws txoj kev kawm txog kev sau ntawv, tab sis nws cov phooj ywg tau yaum nws kom sau ntawv ntxiv, thiab lawv yog.

Kev xav txog kev xav ntawm Kozma Prutkov ("Tsis muaj leej twg yuav puag lub immensity", piv txwv li) tau txais nws lub yeeb koob ntawm ib tug neeg txawj ntse uas pom qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua yam. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias ntau tus nyeem Sovremennik pom tus sau ntawm aphorisms, lus dab neeg thiab zaj paj huam hais txog tus neeg tiag tiag. Prutkov txawm muaj nws cov neeg thuam thiab qhuas. Yog li, Dostoevsky rau lub sijhawm ntev pom nws yog tus tsim cov paj huam phem.

Tsis yog tsuas yog cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm Kozma Prutkov, tab sis kuj nws cov dab neeg, paj huam, kev sib hlub thiabprose tsim lub hauv paus ntawm sau tej hauj lwm ntawm tus sau. Phau ntawv tsis tau tsuas yog luam tawm thiab tau txais kev vam meej nrog cov neeg nyeem nyob hauv nws lub sijhawm, tab sis tom qab nws tuag lawv tau luam tawm dua, thiab cov lus tau siv los ua cov neeg txawj ntse thiab txawj ntse.

Kev hlub

Kozma Prutkov's aphorisms txog kev hlub qhia nws tus cwj pwm tseeb rau tus poj niam, kev hlub thiab kev sib yuav:

• "Lub nplhaib kab tshoob yog thawj qhov txuas hauv cov saw ntawm kev sib yuav."
• "Cov ntxhais zoo li cov checkers: tsis yog txhua tus ua tiav, tab sis txhua tus xav tau los ua vaj."
• "Peb muaj, peb tsis khaws, peb poob, peb quaj."

Qhov tseeb, ntau nqe lus ntawm Kozma Prutkov, txawm tias nws lub siab txwv, tsim nyog mloog. Tsis muaj tsev neeg ntawm nws tus kheej, nws mob siab rau nws lub sijhawm rau kev pabcuam, sau paj huam thiab nws cov phooj ywg.

Cov neeg ua haujlwm txaus siab rau nws, cov phooj ywg hauv tus cwj mem thiab cov txheeb ze hlub nws, cov tub ceev xwm saib xyuas nws, qhov no txaus txaus ua raws li nws lub ntsiab lus: "Yog tias koj xav tau kev zoo siab, zoo siab."

Qee tus sau cov lus tau pom los ntawm cov neeg nyeem raws li kev qhia lossis txawm tias ceeb toom. Piv txwv li, "Bdi!" - qhov luv tshaj aphorism ntawm Kozma Prutkov - suab zoo li kev txiav txim tub rog thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig.

Lwm yam ntawm nws cov lus tau pib siv nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub ua allegorical vernacular. Lo lus "Yog tias koj muaj tus ciav, kaw nws" pib hais tias "Qu tus ciav", uas txhais tau tias "tsaus".

Kozma Prutkov's aphorisms thiab lawv lub ntsiab lus ua rau cov neeg nyeem luag, vim lawv yog qhov taw qhiaKev ruam thiab kev ntseeg tus kheej ntawm ib tug pompous graphomaniac, uas txiav txim siab nws cov lus tsim nyog ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm ancient philosophers: "Ntau tus neeg zoo li hnyuv ntxwm: dab tsi lawv khoom, lawv nqa nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej."

Portrait ntawm Prutkov

Ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm Zhemchuzhnikov cov kwv tij thiab Alexei Tolstoy, lawv cov neeg ua yeeb yam tsis yog tsuas yog lub koob meej ntawm graphomaniac thiab biography, tab sis kuj yog tus cwj pwm. Lev Zhemchuzhnikov thiab nws cov phooj ywg cov neeg pleev kob tau caw los ntawm Prutkov los pleev xim rau daim duab ntawm tus kws sau ntawv "zoo" uas xav luam tawm nws cov ntawv sau nrog nws.

Ntawm no yog li cas cov duab nto moo tau tshwm sim, nthuav tawm tiag tiag uas cov neeg siv khoom hais lus qhuas txog cov kws ua yeeb yam. Lawv piav txog nws cov curls greying, thiab warts, thiab txawm tias ib pab pawg ntawm nws lub caj dab, qhov twg muaj ib rab chais.

Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm Kozma Prutkov, cov neeg pleev kob tau tso lub lyre nrog cov rays tawm ntawm nws hauv qab daim duab. Txawm hais tias kev sau ntawv ntawm tus phab ej no tsuas yog siv sijhawm li 5 xyoos xwb, nws tau tso qhov cim pom hauv Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv, thiab nws cov kev xav thiab Aphorisms nto moo tau luam tawm thiab hais ntau xyoo tom qab nws tuag.

Prutkov txoj haujlwm hnub no

Hnub no, cov nto moo tshaj plaws yog 10 aphorisms los ntawm Kozma Prutkov, uas tau dhau los ua cov lus nyob hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Ntawm lawv, qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog "Bdi!" thiab "Saib lub hauv paus!". Feem ntau cov neeg, thaum hais lawv, tsis txawm paub tias lawv yog leej twg.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm Kozma Prutkov tseem tsis tau muaj txiaj ntsig, vim tsis muaj lwm tus phab ej tau tshwm sim hauv ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv nrog nws tus kheejsau tej hauj lwm thiab lub neej.