Frescoes ntawm Pompeii: cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov qauv
Frescoes ntawm Pompeii: cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov qauv

Video: Frescoes ntawm Pompeii: cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov qauv

Video: Frescoes ntawm Pompeii: cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov qauv
Video: KAWM TSWV NTUJ LO LUS 7 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Tom qab cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tshawb pom lub nroog qub Pompeii, lub ntiaj teb tuaj yeem pom cov duab kos duab zoo nkauj - duab puab, mosaics thiab frescoes tsim los ntawm cov tswv thaum ub. Pompeii frescoes tau pom nyob hauv cov tsev ntawm cov neeg muaj nyiaj txiag.

keeb kwm me ntsis

Keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog Pompeii pib thaum xyoo pua 4 BC. Tom qab ntawd, ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Naples niaj hnub no, ntawm ko taw ntawm Mount Vesuvius, tau tsim muaj kev sib haum xeeb, uas nws thiaj li koom nrog ntau lub zos nyob sib ze thiab dhau los ua ib lub nroog tag nrho. Cov kab lis kev cai ntawm cov pab pawg neeg Etruscan thaum ub tsim lub hauv paus ntawm lawv cov kab lis kev cai.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 5, cov Samnites tau txeeb lub nroog Pompeii, thiab nyob rau xyoo pua 6 nws tau suav tias yog ib feem ntawm Roman Empire. Cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog raug yuam kom ua tub rog Loos, tab sis tsis muaj cai rau pej xeem thaj av. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam.

Tab sis nws tau nrawm nrawm, thiab Pompeii tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm Roman colony. Yog li ntawd lawv poob lawv txoj kev ywj pheej. Tab sis cov pej xeem ntawm lub nroog tsis txawm xav txog qhov kev hloov. Qhov seem 90 xyoo ua ntej qhov hluav taws kub tawg, lawv nyob ywj pheej thiab nyab xeeb ntawm thaj av sov thiab muaj txiaj ntsig. Lub nroog tau tsim kho ua ntej muaj xwm txheej.

Nrog Pompeii sawv lub nroog Herculaneum. Nyob hauv lub nroog nofeem ntau yog so haujlwm legionnaires thiab tso tawm qhev. Nws yog lub frescoes ntawm Pompeii thiab Herculaneum uas tau pom los ntawm archaeologists nyob rau hauv 1748.

Phab ntsa painting nyob rau hauv architectural style
Phab ntsa painting nyob rau hauv architectural style

Txoj kev tsim frescoes

Ntau zaus cov neeg nplua nuj hauv nroog tau xaj cov kws kos duab pleev xim phab ntsa hauv lawv lub tsev. Nws yog fashionable hu masters los ntawm lub peev.

Ua ntej, lawv ua tib zoo npaj cov phab ntsa - thov plaster rau lawv hauv ob peb txheej kom theem saum npoo (cov haujlwm no tau ua los ntawm cov qhev). Cov txheej txheem kawg ntawm plaster yog txawv txawv - alabaster tau ntxiv rau nws kom ua kom lub ntsej muag ci.

Tom qab ntawd tus kws kos duab pib pleev xim, sib txuas ob peb hom xim:

  • wax;
  • encaustic;
  • qe-raws li tempera.

Cov phab ntsa ua tiav tau pleev xim nrog cov ntaub nplaum tiv thaiv kom cov xim tsis plam lawv qhov ci thiab ploj mus dhau sijhawm. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus tswv yog khaws cia txoj haujlwm ntev.

satyr thiab nymphs
satyr thiab nymphs

Painting styles

Cov phiaj xwm ntawm cov frescoes ntawm Pompeii txawv, tab sis ua tsaug rau lawv peb tau kawm ntau yam txog lub nroog qub thiab nws cov neeg nyob. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv tsis yog tsuas yog scenes los ntawm ancient fairy tales thiab legends, tab sis kuj qhia txog lub neej thiab tus kheej lub neej ntawm cov inhabitants.

German cov kws tshawb fawb tau thov kom faib tag nrho cov frescoes ntawm Pompeii thaum ub ua 4 yam xwm txheej:

  • Inlaid - nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev pleev xim rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog qhov ntxhib saum npoo, ua raws li marble. tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm Hellenism - koj muaj peev xwm feem ntau pom cov phiaj xwm ntawm ancient Greek paintings.
  • Architectural - duab ntawmua ke cov phab ntsa ntawm architectural ntsiab (cornices, kab) thiab toj roob hauv pes, tsim kom muaj kev nkag siab ntawm ntim thiab kev xav ntawm qhov chaw. Tib neeg, complex compositions thiab scenes los ntawm mythology feem ntau kos nyob rau hauv no style.
  • Ornamental - raws li cov duab zoo nkauj, sab hauv uas cov duab ntawm lub neej nyob deb nroog tau kos.
  • Zoo heev - dluab ntawm tib neeg ua dynamic, toj roob hauv pes zoo heev, thiab pleev xim rau architectural ntsiab zoo li ua yeeb yam scenery uas tsis ua raws li cov cai uas twb muaj lawm ntawm physics.
Frescoes ntawm Pompeii thiab Herculaneum
Frescoes ntawm Pompeii thiab Herculaneum

Cov ncauj lus piav qhia ntawm frescoes

Nyob hauv qee lub tsev, cov duab kos uas muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv tau pom. Lawv feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv ancient Greek mythology. Ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj yog cov frescoes ntawm Lub Tsev ntawm Tsis Paub.

Nws nyob sab nraud ntawm Pompeii, ntawm toj roob hauv pes ze ntawm Gulf of Naples. Cov kws tshawb fawb qhia tias nws tus poj niam yog ib tug pov thawj ntawm Dionysus. Lub sijhawm ntawd, qhov kev ntseeg no raug txwv los ntawm Roman Senate. Tej zaum qhov no ua rau nws tsis nyob hauv lub nroog nws tus kheej, tab sis nyob hauv nws thaj chaw.

lub villa no muaj txog 60 chav, ib tug ntawm lawv yog lub tsev ntawm Dionysus. Lub ritual ntawm kev pib mus rau hauv qhov paub tsis meej ntawm Dionysus yog pleev xim rau ntawm nws cov phab ntsa. Nws nta cuaj lub cim sib txawv, suav nrog tus tswv ntawm lub villa.

Tsis yog tsuas yog lub tsev ntawm cov nplua nuj tau pleev xim zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj yog cov tsev yooj yim ntawm cov neeg nyob nruab nrab. Lub tsev ntawm Vettii sawv sib nrug - nws tau koom nrog ob tug qhev qub uas tau nplua nuj thiab yuav ib lub tsev qub. Nov yog ib lub tsev zoo nkauj tshaj plaws.

Nws cov phab ntsa yog them nrog ci, yuav luag zoo kawg nkaus khaws cia frescoes. Lawv yog cov dominated los ntawm cov dab neeg los ntawm myths xwb ntawm ancient Greece. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab "Dirka's Punishment", "Me Hercules Strangling the Snake", "Women Tearing Pantheus"

Frescoes hauv Tsev ntawm Vettii
Frescoes hauv Tsev ntawm Vettii

Tsis paub meej ntawm frescoes ntawm Pompeii

Cov neeg ntawm Pompeii tau nto moo rau kev ua si pranks thiab riddles. Nws txawm tsim lub hauv paus ntawm qee cov duab kos rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lawv lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev nrhiav pom, cov phab ntsa tau pleev xim rau hauv qhov zoo li yog cov cim ntawm cov frescoes sawv ntsug hauv chav.

Ib qho ntawm cov frescoes ntawm Pompeii hauv daim duab.

Ib tug ntawm cov frescoes ntawm lub tsev ntawm Mystery
Ib tug ntawm cov frescoes ntawm lub tsev ntawm Mystery

Tshwj xeeb, tag nrho cov frescoes tau khaws cia zoo heev rau hnub no. Tsis txhob poob qhov pom ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov tshauv, uas ib nrab "mothballed" lawv rau ntau pua xyoo, los ua qhov laj thawj rau qhov no. Tab sis yuav luag ob txhiab xyoo, cov xim tseem tsis tau ploj mus.

Nws yog feem ntau ntseeg tias qee qhov tshwj xeeb zais cia ntawm thev naus laus zis, tsuas yog paub rau cov tswv thaum ub, muab kev nyab xeeb rau lawv. Feem ntau, cov xim pleev xim tsis yog raws li txoj kev niaj hnub, tseem tsis paub rau leej twg.

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