"Guernica" Picasso: piav qhia thiab duab

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Tus kws ua yeeb yam Spanish paub daws teeb meem Pablo Picasso tau hnov ntxhiab rau cov teeb meem kev sib raug zoo, xav txog kev pom ntawm lawv hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Ib qho ntawm nws cov haujlwm nto moo tshaj plaws yog Guernica. Daim duab no qhia txog tus kws kos duab lub ntiaj teb pom, qhia nws lub zeem muag ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab nws tus cwj pwm rau cov xwm txheej tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig nws.

History of Creation

Pablo Picasso cov duab "Guernica" tau dhau los ua ib qho kev tawm tsam tawm tsam kev ua phem thiab kev ua phem. Lub cim ntawm kev ua hauj lwm encodes keeb kwm ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog kev tsov kev rog thiab qhia txog kev txom nyem ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no. Yog vim li cas rau kev tsim daim duab yog kev foob pob ntawm lub nroog Spanish ntawm tib lub npe los ntawm Nazis. Picasso's "Guernica" muaj cov cim archetypal thiab cov duab. Lawv qhia txog tus ntsuj plig ntawm kev niaj hnub.

Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws masterpieces ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, Guernica los ntawm Picasso, yog tsim los ntawm tus sau nyob rau hauv ib tug haum ntawm muaj tswv yim madness. Nws xav tsis thoob li qhov tshwm sim uas nws tau tsim ib daim ntaub nrog lub zog zoo kawg nkaus, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab txaus ntshai, zoo li cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim hauv lub nroog Basque thaum lub Plaub Hlis 26, 1937. Lub foob pob ntawm Nazi aviation tau rhuav tshem lub nroog los ntawm 70% thiab tau lav lub neej ntawm ntau dua 1500 tus neeg.

Picasso ua haujlwm raupainting yuav luag tsis tu ncua thiab ua tiav nws nyob rau hauv ib lub hlis. Ntau tus ntawm nws cov phooj ywg ib ntus saib cov haujlwm thiab tawm lawv cov lus. Thawj zaug, cov txiaj ntsig tiav tau nthuav tawm ntawm lub ntiaj teb exhibition. Qee cov duab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Picasso's Guernica yog cov uas coj los ntawm tus kws kos duab tus khub. Lawv tau qhia rau lub ntiaj teb txog cov theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim duab.

"Guernica" los ntawm Picasso: piav qhia

"Guernica" yog pleev xim rau hauv cov roj thiab yog ib daim kab xev fresco ntsuas 3.5 m siab thiab 7.8 m dav. Nws yog Ameslikas tau npaj ua daim duab hauv cov xim, tab sis qhov no ua rau nws poob nws qhov kev tsim txom. Cov xim monochrome yog vim tus sau lub siab xav piav txog lub nroog tuag, raus hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Ntau tus neeg thuam pom qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov duab nrog cov ntawv xov xwm clippings ntawm lub sijhawm thiab hu rau daim duab "kev tshaj tawm riam phom".

Cov duab los ntawm P. Picasso "Guernica" qhia txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev txom nyem, kev kub ntxhov, kev kub ntxhov, kev cia siab, kev tsis muaj zog thiab kev tuag. Cov neeg thiab tsiaj txhu uas tau piav qhia hauv daim duab no yog neeg xiam oob khab thiab tawg, lawv ob lub qhov muag muaj kev ntshai heev, thiab lawv lub qhov ncauj qhib rau lub suab qw ntsiag to. Cov tsev nyob hauv daim duab raug puas tsuaj lossis raug hluav taws kub.

Daim duab style

"Guernica" tuaj yeem hu ua lub vaj huam sib luag duab. Cov neeg ua pov thawj hais tias Picasso ua haujlwm zoo li ib tug txiv neej muaj, uas tau qhia nyob rau hauv style ntawm kev sau daim duab. Cov kab mus los ntawm du, qhov muag plooj thiab sib npaug, zoo li nplaim taws, mus rau ntse thiab meej, zoo li cov iav tawg thiab lub plhaub tawg. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov duab nraaj yog los cuam tshuam cov kev xav xws li kev ntshai, ntshai, npau taws thiab kev poob siab. DuabPicasso yog qhov tseeb. Zam kom tsis txhob nthuav dav, nws tseem ceeb tsuas yog cov cim tseem ceeb thiab cov lus qhia.

Nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov duab, txhais tau tias ntawm kev kos duab thiab cov khoom siv stylistic qiv los ntawm cubism thiab surrealism tau siv. Txhawm rau kom nthuav dav cov duab dub thiab dawb, tus kws kos duab siv cov xim overlay, hla kab, ua si nrog cov duab ntxoov ntxoo thiab ntxoov grey.

Composition

Raws li kev npaj ntawm cov khoom, lub canvas zoo li lub triptych - ib daim duab uas muaj peb qhov kev ywj pheej txuas rau hauv ib qho tag nrho. Yog tias koj pom qhov sib faib "Guernica" ua peb ntu, txhua tus ntawm lawv tuaj yeem muaj nyob sib cais, khaws nws tus kheej muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab semantic load.

Txhua yam uas tshwm sim muaj nyob hauv chav. Ib tug nyuj yog piav nyob rau hauv lub sab laug ces kaum ntawm daim duab. Hauv qab nws sawv cev ib tug poj niam quaj ntsuag nws tus menyuam tuag. Mus rau sab xis ntawm tus nyuj, me ntsis tom qab, ib tug noog zoo li tus nquab flutters.

Ib tug nees nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov sib xyaw. Nws lub cev ntaj ntsug thiab ntsia zoo li nws tab tom tsoo hauv kev ntxhov siab thiab yuav tuag. Ntau tus nco ntsoov tias nws lub qhov ntswg thiab lub qhov ncauj dav tsim ib yam dab tsi zoo ib yam li tib neeg pob txha taub hau. Ntawm tus nees taw, ib tug tub rog nyob hauv qhov chaw tsis zoo, txhais caj npab nthuav dav. Nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm lawv nws tuav ib lub paj thiab ib daim ntawm ib rab ntaj. Saum tus nees lub taub hau yog ib lub teeb los yog teeb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nyuj lub qhov muag. Nyob rau sab xis, lub ntsej muag zoo li lub ntsej muag antique ntab rau hauv chav los ntawm lub qhov rais qhib. Nws tuav lub tswm ciab kub hnyiab ntawm nws txhais tes thiab saib qhov tshwm sim hauv kev ntshai heev. Ib me ntsis qis - ib tug poj niam nyob rau hauv rags txav mus rau hauv nruab nrab, nws ntsia yog qhia upwards. Yog cov duabtuaj yeem ua suab nrov, peb yuav tau hnov lub suab nrov ntawm tus nyuj, nees thiab tus poj niam nrog menyuam. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm lawv tus nplaig nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daggers ntse.

Ntawm sab xis, tus kws kos duab piav txog ib tug txiv neej uas, hauv kev poob siab, tsa nws txhais tes rau saum ntuj. Muaj hluav taws nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, nws tawm tsis tau. Lub phab ntsa dub nrog lub qhov rooj ua tiav sab xis ntawm daim duab.

Symbolics

Picasso "Guernica" hais lus ntawm cov cim. Nws yog tag nrho ntawm mysteries thiab allegories, thiab txhua daim duab yog ib lub ntsiab lus. Cov xim tseem ceeb hauv daim duab yog xim dub, grey thiab dawb. Lawv tuaj yeem hais txog kev tuag, tshauv thiab lub qhov ntxa.

Cov duab tseem ceeb hauv daim duab yog tus nyuj thiab nees. Raws li qhov feem ntau pom, tus nyuj sawv cev rau lub callousness thiab indifference vim hais tias tej yam xws li kev ua tsov ua rog thiab fascism tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Ib txhia ntseeg hais tias, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, nws personifies lub yeej ntawm Spain, thiab tus nees - nws kev txom nyem. Tus kws kos duab nws tus kheej tau thov tias tus nyuj yog lub cim ntawm kev ua phem, thiab tus nees yog neeg. Tom qab ntawd nws hais tias ob qho tib si tsiaj txhais tau tias kev txi. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nyuj hais txog peb cov duab ntawm minotaur ua lub cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj tsiaj.

Lub teeb nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub qhov muag tsis nyob rau hauv vain lub semantic nruab nrab ntawm daim duab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws txhais tau hais tias muaj qee lub zog uas tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, nws ua rau pom qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig nrog lub teeb ntawm kev cia siab. Tsis yog tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas cov duab hauv daim duab pov rov qab lawv lub taub hau hauv kev poob siab, ntsia lub qhov muag khoob thiab ncab lawv txhais tes mus rau saum ntuj.

Tus nquab nquab tau pom tseeb ua tsov rog. Cov noog ntawm lub ntiaj teb kuj khov,nthuav nws tis, tsa nws taub hau thiab qhib nws tus beak nyob rau hauv ib tug quaj.

Stigmata tuaj yeem pom ntawm xib teg ntawm tus tub rog tuag. Picasso tsis yog kev ntseeg. Nrog rau lub cim no, nws xav qhia kev txom nyem yam tsis muaj laj thawj. Ib yam li Tswv Yexus, qee zaum tib neeg raug yuam kom raug kev txom nyem vim ib tug neeg tau txiav txim siab rau lawv tias qhov no yuav tsum ua li cas. Qhov no yog li cas cov neeg Mev raug kev txom nyem ntawm Nazis behest.

Ib tug poj niam muaj tswm ciab yog ib daim duab ntawm ib tug neeg saib ntawm sab. Nws ob lub qhov muag nthuav tawm qhov kev thov ntsiag to kom nres qhov kev lim hiam.

Txoj hmoo ntawm daim duab

"Guernica" ib txwm ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev tshuaj xyuas tsis sib haum. Ib tug neeg hu nws lub xeem masterpiece ntawm Picasso, ib tug neeg, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, tsis xav tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, lawv hu nws tsuas yog kev tshaj tawm tawm tsam fascist. Thaum lub sij hawm thawj exhibition, daim duab tsis ua rau lub tswv yim zoo rau cov neeg tuaj saib. Nyob rau hauv no "kev txom nyem" canvas, lawv pom tsuas yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug nom tswv manifesto thiab kev txom nyem ntawm ib tug me me lub zos, tsis to taub lub tswv yim ntawm kev tawm tsam tawm tsam universal cruelty.

Thaum pib Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, Gestapo tuaj rau Picasso lub tsev. Nyob rau ntawm lub rooj lawv pom ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm nrog kev luam tawm ntawm Guernica. Thaum nug yog tias nws puas tau ua, Picasso teb tias: "Koj tau ua nws …" Nws tsis paub tias qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm audacity no tuaj yeem ua rau tus kws kos duab, yog tias tsis yog rau tus kws kos duab German Henri Brekker, uas tau pab daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm patronizing artists nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd nyob rau hauv Fabkis.

Tshaj tawm thawj zaug thaum Lub Rau Hli 4, 1937, "Guernica", raws li Picasso, tsim nyog nyob hauv Madrid Prado Tsev khaws puav pheej. Nyob ntawd nws tau nthuav tawmxyoo 1981-1992, tom qab ntawd nws tau pauv mus rau Hagia Sophia Tsev khaws puav pheej, qhov chaw nws nyob rau hnub no.

Raws li lub cim ntawm kev poob siab thiab kev puas tsuaj, "Guernica" muaj lub luag haujlwm muaj tswv yim hais txog nws qhov cuam tshuam. Zoo li tus poj niam tau piav qhia ntawm nws nrog lub tswm ciab hauv nws txhais tes, nws txhawb kom tib neeg saib tob rau hauv lawv tus kheej thiab pom qhov kaj nyob ntawd. Piav txog chaos thiab mob, painting yog hu rau nteg caj npab. Yog li, Picasso lub ntsiab masterpiece yog, nyob rau hauv lub dav dav, ib tug manifesto nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm kev thaj yeeb thiab tib neeg.