Moscow State Tretyakov Gallery: ua hauj lwm, exhibitions

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ib qho ntawm nto moo tshaj plaws, nrov thiab nrhiav-tom qab tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Muscovites thiab cov qhua ntawm lub nroog yog State Tretyakov Gallery. Nws tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1856 los ntawm Pavel Tretyakov. Nws yog nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm cov tub lag luam uas lub tsev kawm ntawv tau txais nws lub npe. Tam sim no nws yog ib lub koom haum kab lis kev cai loj ntawm lub xeev. Nws muab ob peb yam sib cais ib zaug, cov khoom loj thiab me. Tab sis lub tsev loj tshaj plaws, uas nyob hauv Lavrushinsky Txoj Kev ntawm lub peev, tseem yog lub hauv paus ntawm lawv.

Gallery buildings

Hnub no, Lub Xeev Tretyakov Gallery thiab nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb nyob hauv lub tsev ntawm Tretyakov cov tub lag luam, nrog rau ntau lub tsev me me uas nyob ze rau nws.

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau txais lub ntsej muag tshiab uas ua rau nws niaj hnub no. Sketches rau nws tau tsim los ntawm lub npe nrov artist Vasnetsov. Txhawm rau kom paub meej tias lub tsev khaws puav pheej nthuav tawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias kos duab, tshwj xeeb neo-Lavxias style tau xaiv. Yog li, lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm Moscow adorns lub facade ntawm lub tsev.

BNyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm ib tug complex, dluab ntawm St. George lub Victorious, ib tug ceramic frieze, raws li zoo raws li ib tug thawj inscription ua nyob rau hauv ligature yog sau. Nws yog nws uas qhia txhua tus neeg tuaj saib ntawm Moscow State Tretyakov Gallery, uas yog tus thawj pub dawb rau lub tsev cia puav pheej, uas yog, Sergei thiab Peter.

Tam sim no xyoo 1930, mus rau sab xis ntawm lub tsev loj, lwm chav tau txhim tsa raws li qhov project ntawm Shchusov. Sab laug ntawm nws yog ib lub tsev engineering ntxiv.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tub lag luam Tretyakov hauv kev tsim cov duab

Lub Tsev ntawm Lub Xeev Tretyakov Gallery, qhov chaw muaj ntau yam haujlwm tam sim no khaws cia, keeb kwm yog los ntawm tsev neeg Tretyakov.

Pavel Tretyakov nws tus kheej tsis yog tsuas yog ua lag luam xwb, nws kuj yog ib tus neeg pab nyiaj txiag, uas pib sau nws tus kheej sau. Ntawm nws cov khoom pov thawj tsuas yog ua haujlwm tsim los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam Lavxias. Nws pib sau los ntawm qhov deb 1856. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua, tus tub luam tau pauv tag nrho nws cov khoom pov thawj tshwj xeeb rau cov tswv ntawm lub nroog. Lub sijhawm ntawd, nws twb suav nrog 518 cov qauv duab nrog rau 1287 cov duab zoo nkauj, nrog rau 8 daim duab tsim los ntawm cov tswv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv European, thiab 75 daim duab los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv txawv teb chaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom sau suav nrog ntau lub cim tseem ceeb thiab cov duab puab.

Thawj zaug, kev sau ntawm Lub Xeev Tretyakov Gallery tshuav nws rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov tub lag luam. Cov khoom pov thawj uas nws khaws tau txawm tias tam sim no suav nrog cov nyiaj kub ntawm kev kos duab ntawm tag nrholub teb chaws.

Zaj Dab Neeg

Tretyakov pib sau cov haujlwm, uas tom qab ntawd los ua lub hauv paus ntawm Lub Xeev Tretyakov Gallery, rov qab rau thaum ntxov 50s. XIX caug xyoo. Tab sis hnub tsim lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog xyoo 1856, thaum nws tau txais cov haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm Khudyakov thiab Schilder rau nws cov khoom sau.

Nyob rau xyoo tom ntej, raws li cov tub lag luam sau tau nthuav dav, cov pej xeem nyiam ntau ntxiv rau nws.

Pavel muaj ib lub tsev loj, tsis deb ntawm uas muaj ntau lub tsev ntxiv. Tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem tso tag nrho cov duab kos duab uas nws muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov phab ntsa. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, tag nrho cov chav ntawm lub tsev nyob ib zaug tau hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm craftsmen mus rau hauv nyias lub tsev ntawm ib tug dav chav tsev. Tab sis txawm qhov no daws qhov teeb meem xwb ib pliag.

Txhua yam haujlwm tshiab tau raug xa mus rau Lub Xeev Tretyakov Gallery, yog li ob peb xyoos tom qab nws tau txiav txim siab txav qee qhov khoom pov thawj mus rau lub tsev nyob ntawm Krymsky Val. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tag nrho cov haujlwm ua ntej xyoo 1910 tseem nyob hauv lub tsev qub. Ntau cov khoom pov thawj niaj hnub tau tsiv mus rau lub tsev tshiab.

Gallery collections

Lub Xeev Tretyakov Gallery niaj hnub, uas nws cov khoom sau tau paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb, muaj ntau pua txhiab tus nws cov khoom pov thawj. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tas mus li, kev nthuav qhia ib ntus tau tuav tsis tu ncua hauv nws cov phab ntsa. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tseem tab tom txhim kho nquag, muab nws cov qhuatag nrho cov lus qhia tshiab, suav nrog hauv daim ntawv muaj tswv yim studios rau cov menyuam yaus thiab lwm tus.

Cov khoom kos duab yos rov qab mus rau 11th-pib xyoo pua 20th yog nyob rau hauv thawj lub tsev ntawm lub Xeev Tretyakov Gallery. Cov ntawv sau suav nrog ua haujlwm los ntawm ntau tus kws tshaj lij thoob ntiaj teb, nrog rau cov kws ua yeeb yam me me. Nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm lub gallery yog tej hauj lwm ntawm Rublev thiab Theophan Greek, thiab Dionysius.

Cais faib rau hauv cov tsev cia puav pheej nrog cov haujlwm ntawm XVIII-XIX centuries. Muaj cov duab kos los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij xws li Levitsky thiab Rokotov, Bryullov, Borovikovsky thiab ntau lwm tus.

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau qhov kev coj ua tiag tiag ntawm Lavxias kos duab, uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau qhov kawg ntawm xyoo pua 19th. Pawg no suav nrog cov duab kos los ntawm Repin thiab Shishkin, Levitan thiab Kramskoy, Surikov thiab lwm tus kws sau ntawv tsis tshua muaj npe.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau tsim ib qho kev nthuav qhia txog kev muaj tswv yim uas tuaj txog ntawm lub xyoo pua thiab pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Feem ntau Serov, Vrubel, masters los ntawm Union ntawm Lavxias teb sab Artists thiab lwm tus yog sawv cev ntawm no.

Hnub no, tsis yog tsuas yog cov duab kos tau nthuav tawm hauv phab ntsa ntawm Xeev Tretyakov Gallery. Ib qho ntawm qhov ci ntsa iab thiab nco tshaj plaws ntawm qhov nthuav tawm tam sim no yog Lub Txhab Nyiaj Txiag. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom txhua yam khoom siv kos duab tsim hauv XII-XX centuries. Rau lawv kev tsim khoom, ob lub pob zeb muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov hlau zoo nkauj, nrog rau lwm yam khoom siv.

Graphics uas xav tau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeebkhaws cia, muab tawm hauv tsev cia puav pheej hauv ib ntu. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev uas muaj tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv, tshwj xeeb mos teeb pom kev zoo tau tsim.

Nkauj zoo nkauj paintings

Hnub no cov exhibitions ntawm lub Xeev Tretyakov Gallery nyob rau hauv ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm halls. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv txhua tus ntawm lawv cov masterpieces tiag tiag ntawm lawv lub sijhawm raug pom. Pavel Tretyakov nws tus kheej tau muab ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb rau Petrov tsim, yog li nws cov duab zoo tshaj plaws - "Troika" thiab ntau lwm tus - tau khaws cia rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, tus tswv ntawm cov khoom sau yeej ib txwm nyiam cov toj roob hauv pes. Txog rau hnub no, keeb kwm ntawm Russia tuaj yeem taug qab hauv cov duab kos duab. Nyob ib sab ntawm xws li sau yog portrait halls, uas nto moo tshaj plaws artists, sau ntawv thiab composers ntawm ntau lub sij hawm yog sawv cev - cov no yog Dal, Turgenev, Ostrovsky, Nekrasov thiab ntau lwm tus..

Nrov ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws kos duab Lavxias

Thawj zaug, Tretyakov nquag txhawb kev sib koom tes uas tsim kev mus ncig ua yeeb yam. Nws yog ntawm lawv tias nws tus kheej feem ntau tau txais cov masterpieces tom ntej rau nws sau. Ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov duab "Rooks Tau Los", "Pine Forest" thiab ntau lwm tus tau yuav, cov npe uas tsis muaj npe nrov tshaj li cov neeg tsim lawv tus kheej.

Lub sijhawm dhau mus, tus tub luam cov khoom sau suav nrog cov haujlwm sau los ntawm Repin thiab Surikov, Shishkin thiab lwm tus.

Ntxiv rau cov kws sau ntawv qhia thiab cov duab kos duab, cov npe nrov "Black Square" nrog rauua haujlwm los ntawm Kuindzhi, Bryullov thiab lwm tus.

museum collection

Nws tuaj yeem sau cov khoom pov thawj tam sim no ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej no tau ntev heev vim lawv cov lej loj. Qhov kev txaus siab ntawm lub gallery yog thiab tseem yog cov hauj lwm uas tau muab faib ua cov duab zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog golden ntawm painting los ntawm Lavxias teb sab artists.

Dhau li ntawm no, kos duab ntawm Wanderers tau nthuav tawm ntawm no. Cov no yog Levitan thiab Nesterov, Benoit, Roerich, Serov thiab Vrubel.

Tom qab ntawd, tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom pov thawj txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, qhov no tau yooj yim los ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm cov khoom sau, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv xyoo ntawd. Nyob rau hauv lub halls ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej, ib tug muaj peev xwm taug qab txoj kev loj hlob thiab lub ntsiab lus qhia yam ntxwv ntawm lub kos duab ntawm lub Soviet lub sij hawm.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg

Hnub no, lub tsev ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej nthuav qhia cov qauv hauv cov duab kos duab thiab kos duab Lavxias, cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj thiab siv kos duab tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm txij li 11 mus rau 21 centuries, nrog rau ntau lub cim qub thiab ua haujlwm los ntawm nto moo. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias.

Txhua xyoo lub tsev khaws puav pheej tuaj xyuas ntau lab tus qhua. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau pua qhov kev nthuav qhia ntau yam taug kev los ntawm nws cov phab ntsa mus rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub tebchaws loj.