Elizabeth Siddal: biography nrog cov duab
Elizabeth Siddal: biography nrog cov duab

Video: Elizabeth Siddal: biography nrog cov duab

Video: Elizabeth Siddal: biography nrog cov duab
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Elizabeth Siddal yog tus qauv Askiv nto moo, kws kos duab thiab kws sau paj huam. Nws muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau Pre-Raphaelite cov kws ua yeeb yam, nws cov duab tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov duab ntawm Dante Rosseti, nws feem ntau ua rau William Hunt, W alter Deverell, John Mill. Cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws uas nws tuaj yeem pom yog John Millet's Ophelia.

Biography

Txoj hmoo ntawm Elizabeth Siddal
Txoj hmoo ntawm Elizabeth Siddal

Elizabeth Siddal yug hauv 1829. Nws yug hauv London hauv tsev neeg ua haujlwm loj uas tuaj ntawm Sheffield. Elizabeth Siddal hnub yug yog Lub Xya Hli 25.

Txij thaum yau, nws pib ua haujlwm: nws pab nws niam hauv kev xaws khaub ncaws pheej yig.

Thaum nws muaj 18 xyoo, nws nkag mus rau hauv lub khw muag kaus mom hauv Covent Garden cheeb tsam ntawm lub nroog British. Nws nyob ntawm no tias nws txoj hmoo ntsib nrog tus kws kos duab W alter Howell Deverell tau tshwm sim.

Sib ntsib tus neeg pleev kob

kaum ob hmo
kaum ob hmo

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus qauv pib rau Elizabeth Siddal xyoo 1849, thaum nws pom nws hauv khw kaus momDeverell. Nws xav tsis thoob los ntawm nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab tsis zoo li tus qauv, kev zoo nkauj txawv txawv. Tus neeg pleev kob tam sim ntawd mus rau nws niam, tom qab muaj kev yaum ntau heev kom nws tso Elizabeth tso rau nws.

Thawj zaug, Elizabeth Siddal (daim duab koj yuav pom hauv tsab xov xwm no) tau los ua tus qauv thaum ua haujlwm ntawm Deverell's nto moo tshaj plaws painting "Twelfth Night". Nws tau sau los ntawm Shakespeare tej hauj lwm.

Deverell ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm nws xyoo 1850, thiab tuag plaub xyoos tom qab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 26.

Muse of the Pre-Raphaelites

Model Elizabeth Siddal
Model Elizabeth Siddal

Elizabeth Siddal (daim duab ntawm tus qauv nto moo tsis tau khaws cia, tab sis cov duab kos nrog nws cov duab tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no) tau los ua ib qho muse tiag tiag rau Pre-Raphaelites. Cov plaub hau liab thiab daj ntseg, Elizabeth tus kheej hauv nws daim duab hom poj niam ntawm Quattrocento, uas yog, lub sij hawm sib raug rau thaum ntxov Renaissance.

Rau cov tswv cuab ntawm Pre-Raphaelite kwv tij, Elizabeth Siddal tau dhau los ua ib tus muse tiag. Ntau tus ntawm lawv hauv lawv txoj haujlwm tau tso tseg kev kawm cov rooj sib tham hauv kev tshawb nrhiav cov duab tshiab. Cov tsos ntawm Siddal tau pab ntau tus hauv kev tsim lawv cov masterpieces.

Cov neeg ua yeeb yam Pre-Raphaelite lawv tus kheej tau thov tias lawv xav qhib "ua pa tshiab" hauv lawv txoj haujlwm. Lawv txhob txwm tsis kam lees lub ntsej muag tim ntsej tim muag nrog cov yam ntxwv me me, pomaded thiab overly pampered poj niam. Lawv tsuas yog nyiam los ntawm cov duab ntawm tus qauv Askiv Askiv Elizabeth Siddal, nws tau los ua qhov kev tshoov siab rau ntau tus, qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb hauv lawv txoj haujlwm.

Image of Ophelia

Ophelia painting
Ophelia painting

Ntau tshajib tug nto moo painting depicting Siddal yog John Millais 'Ophelia, ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1852. Hnub no nws tau nthuav tawm ntawm Royal Academy of Arts hauv UK.

Raws li zaj dab neeg ntawm Shakespeare qhov xwm txheej, Ophelia yog Hamlet tus hlub. Thaum nws paub tias nws tau tua Polonius, nws txiv, nws npau taws thiab poob rau hauv tus dej. Millet's painting reproduces the scene described by the title character's mother, in which Ophelia txoj kev tuag zoo nkaus li muaj xwm txheej.

Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, Ophelia tau piav qhia tam sim tom qab poob rau hauv tus dej. Nws yog ib nrab submerged nyob rau hauv dej, nws ob lub qhov muag yog tsau rau saum ntuj, thiab nws qhib txhais tes evokes koom haum nrog lub crucifixion ntawm Tswv Yexus. Interestingly, ntau contemporaries txhais lub canvas li erotic. Tus ntxhais maj mam nkag mus rau hauv dej, ib puag ncig los ntawm kev tawg paj thiab zoo nkauj, thaum tsis muaj kev poob siab lossis kev ntshai tshwm sim ntawm nws lub ntsej muag. Tus neeg saib nkag siab tias qhov kev tuag ntawm tus heroine yog kev zam, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws tau txais kev xav tias lub sij hawm ib puag ncig zoo li tau nres. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tau sau tseg los ntawm Millet cov kiv cua yog tias nws tau tswj hwm lub sijhawm uas cais txoj sia ntawm kev tuag.

Tus kws kos duab tau pleev xim rau daim duab ntawm Ophelia nws tus kheej hauv nws lub studio tom qab ua tiav kev ua haujlwm ntawm toj roob hauv pes. Qhov no, los ntawm txoj kev, yog qhov txawv heev thiab tsis yog tus qauv rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Qhov tseeb yog tias toj roob hauv pes tau suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li tib neeg cov duab, yog li, raws li txoj cai, lawv raug tso tseg rau tom qab.

Hnav khaub ncaws rau Ophelia Millet yuav 4 phaus. Hauv nws cov ntawv sau cia, nws tau sau tias nws yuav khoom kim heev cov poj niam laus cov khaub ncaws, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog paj ntaub.

19 xyoo tus qauvMille Elizabeth Siddal, uas nws biography yog piav nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nteg nyob rau hauv ib tug da dej rau ob peb teev. Txij li thaum nws yog lub caij ntuj no sab nraud, da dej tau sov nrog cov teeb, tab sis tus ntxhais tseem tau khaub thuas thiab mob hnyav. Piv txwv li, qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias lub teeb tawm ntawm qee lub sijhawm, thiab tsis muaj leej twg pom qhov no. Nws txiv txawm hem tus neeg pleev kob tias nws yuav foob nws yog nws tsis them nqi kho mob. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus kws kos duab tau them tus kws kho mob rau £ 50.

Cov kws kho mob tau sau Laudanum rau tus ntxhais. Qhov no yog opium tincture rau cawv, uas tau nquag siv hauv tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Ntawm cov neeg Askiv nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm Victorian, nws tau suav hais tias yog ib qho kev kho mob thoob plaws ntiaj teb, ob qho tib si ua sedative thiab ua tshuaj tsaug zog. Nws ntseeg tau hais tias cov tshuaj, siv rau kev kho mob lub hom phiaj, thaum kawg undermined cov uas twb tsis muaj zog noj qab haus huv Elizabeth.

Daim duab tau nrov heev nrog cov neeg thuam thiab cov neeg saib, coj koob meej rau tus poj niam ntawm peb tsab xov xwm. Tom qab ntawd txhua leej txhua tus paub tias Elizabeth tsis yog tus qauv xwb, tab sis kuj kos thiab sau paj huam nws tus kheej.

YDante Rossetti

Paolo thiab Francesca da Rimini
Paolo thiab Francesca da Rimini

Nyob rau xyoo 1852, 23-xyoo-laus Elizabeth Siddal (koj yuav pom cov ntawv sau txog keeb kwm nrog cov duab hauv tsab xov xwm no) tau ntsib tus kws kos duab Dante Gabriel Rossetti hauv Millet lub rooj cob qhia. Yuav luag tam sim ntawd lawv poob rau hauv kev hlub thiab pib nyob ua ke nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev sib cais ntawm Chatham Place. Txij thaum ntawd los, Elisabeth tau ua tus kws kos duab tus qauv mus tas li, nws cov duab tuaj yeem pom hauv yuav luag tag nrho nws cov duab thaum ntxov.

Nws ntseeg tau tias kev hlub siab rau Elizabeth tshoov tus neeg pleev kob raucreation ntawm xws masterpieces li "Kev Hlub ntawm Dante", "Paolo thiab Francesca da Rimini". Lub sijhawm ntawd, nws tau koom nrog hauv nws cov duab kos duab txog kev hlub ntawm Dante thiab Beatrice.

paj huam thiab duab

Rossetti txhawb nqa nws txoj haujlwm sau ntawv, nrog rau cov duab kos, uas nyiam tus ntxhais. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Siddal cov paj huam tsis muaj kev vam meej, tab sis nws cov artwork nws thiaj li nrov heev. Tus kws ua yeeb yam Askiv muaj suab npe John Ruskin txawm tau muab nyiaj pub dawb rau Elizabeth los txuas ntxiv tsim yam tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog dab tsi.

Vim li ntawd, Siddal tau dhau los ua tus poj niam nkaus xwb los koom hauv Pre-Raphaelite Exhibition uas muaj nyob rau xyoo 1857 ntawm Russell Place. Xyoo tom ntej, nws txoj haujlwm tau nthuav tawm hauv Asmeskas ntawm kev nthuav qhia loj ntawm British kos duab. Xyoo 1859, nrog Burne-Jones, Morris thiab Rossetti, nws tsim lub tsev ntawm Morris ob peb, uas tau los ua lub npe hu ua Red House.

Lub neej ntiag tug

Biography ntawm Elizabeth Siddal
Biography ntawm Elizabeth Siddal

Tib lub sijhawm, hauv kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kheej nrog Dante, txhua yam tsis muaj huab. Elizabeth Siddal tsis ua tiav hauv kev pib ua tsev neeg zoo siab. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias Rossetti, txawm tias kev hlub thiab kev mob siab rau tus heroine ntawm peb tsab xov xwm, tsis tuaj yeem nres pib kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm tus poj niam. Ntawm lawv yog cov neeg nto moo heev, piv txwv li, tus qauv Annie Miller, uas yog Holman Hunt tus hluas nkauj, nws lwm tus qauv Fanny Cornforth, uas tau suav tias yog nws tus poj niam ntau xyoo.

Rossetti txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog Cornforth tsis muaj qhov zais cia. Tom qab Elizabeth tuag, nws txawm tsiv nrog tus kws kos duab, nrog nws mus txog thaum nws tuag.

Cov kws sau keeb kwm hais tias Rossetti pab tsis tau nws tus kheej, txuas ntxiv hloov Elizabeth, thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab tas li. Pom qhov kev ntxeev siab tsis tu ncua ntawm nws tus hlub, tus heroine ntawm peb tsab xov xwm poob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab, uas tsuas yog ua rau nws mob hnyav heev.

Kab mob

Thaum ntxov 1860, Siddal txoj kev noj qab haus huv tau poob qis heev. Nws tau mob hnyav, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd Dante tau cog lus tias yuav yuav nws sai li sai tau thaum nws zoo siab thiab zoo. Lawv kab tshoob tiag tiag tshwm sim rau lub Tsib Hlis 23 ntawm tib lub xyoo.

Lub Tsib Hlis 1861, Elizabeth yug tau ib tug menyuam tuag, tom qab ntawd nws tau poob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab ntev. Kev sib raug zoo nrog Dante tau nce ntxiv los ntawm kev sib cav thiab kev thuam, nws pib muaj kev sib haum xeeb, ua rau nws lub siab.

Lub Ob Hlis 11, 1862, Elizabeth tuag ntawm kev noj ntau dhau ntawm Laudanum. Nws yog cov tshuaj uas nws tau noj txij li thaum nws tau mob khaub thuas phem thaum ua rau Milla. Pom tau tias, qhov "tshuaj" ua yeeb yam ua rau nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, thiab tseem ua rau muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj uas nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog. Thaum ntawd, Siddal tsuas muaj 32 xyoo xwb.

Cov kws sau keeb kwm tseem tab tom sib cav txog qhov ua rau muaj kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm cov tshuaj txaus ntshai. Puas yog nws tua tus kheej lossis ua yuam kev tuag hauv lub xeev tsis nco qab?

Nco txog Elizabeth

Blessed Beatrice
Blessed Beatrice

Rossetti raug rhuav tshem los ntawm nws tus poj niam tuag. Cov xov xwm no ua rau nws xav tsis thoob. Tag nrho cov xyoo tas los nws muaj zog heevraug kev txom nyem, cem nws tus kheej vim tsis muaj peev xwm tsim lub neej zoo siab nrog nws tus hlub thiab muse. Vim li no, nws feem ntau poob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab, nws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev tu siab, thiab thaum hmo ntuj nws raug tsim txom los ntawm npau suav phem. Tus kws ua yeeb yam tau haus cawv thiab yeeb tshuaj, uas nws pom tau ib ntus thiab kev dag ntxias.

Nyob rau hauv nco txog nws tus poj niam, txij xyoo 1864 txog 1870 nws tau pleev xim rau ib daim duab hu ua Beata Beatri, uas txhais tau tias "Blessed Beatrice". Ntawm nws, nws tau piav txog Elizabeth hauv daim duab ntawm Beatrice los ntawm kev sau ntawm Dante Alighieri "Lub Neej Tshiab".

Kev tuag ntawm nws tus poj niam yog txuas nrog nws lub xeem Dante-themed painting "Dante's Npau suav", uas tau ua tiav xyoo 1871.

Ntawm nws tus poj niam lub ntees tuag, tus uas poob siab Rossetti muab cov ntawv sau ntawm nws cov paj huam rau hauv nws lub hleb, cog lus cog lus tias yuav tawm paj huam mus ib txhis. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, txawm li cas los xij, nws tau txiav txim siab luam tawm ib qho kev xaiv ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais hluas poetic tej hauj lwm. Kom tau txais lawv, Elizabeth lub ntxa nyob rau hauv Highgate Cemetery yuav tsum tau qhib. Phau ntawv tau luam tawm xyoo 1870. Qhov kev ua no ua rau ntau tus phooj ywg thiab cov neeg paub txog tus kws kos duab xav tsis thoob.

Blessed Beatrice

Daim duab "Blessed Beatrice", uas piav txog Siddal, yog sau rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj pleev xim. Qhov no yog nws lub monument, raws li tus kws kos duab nws tus kheej xeeb nws cov creation. Nyob rau hauv cov duab, Beatrice tau piav qhia thaum lub sijhawm tuag, thaum Rossetti nws tus kheej cuam tshuam nws tus kheej nrog Dante, quaj quaj rau kev ploj.

Tam sim no txoj haujlwm yog nyob rau London's Tate Gallery. Nws yog imbued nrog symbolism. Nyob rau hauv nws xibtes yog ib tug noog, uas yog suav hais tias yog tus tub txib ntawm txoj kev tuag, thiab nyob rau hauv nws beak muaj pajpoppy, hinting ntawm Elizabeth txoj kev tuag los ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb ntau dhau.

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