Marusya Boguslavka yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Ukrainian Tib Neeg Duma. Ukrainian ntawv nyeem
Marusya Boguslavka yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Ukrainian Tib Neeg Duma. Ukrainian ntawv nyeem

Video: Marusya Boguslavka yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Ukrainian Tib Neeg Duma. Ukrainian ntawv nyeem

Video: Marusya Boguslavka yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Ukrainian Tib Neeg Duma. Ukrainian ntawv nyeem
Video: Kev Ntseeg Yog Dlaabtsi? - Nyaj Xuv Xyooj 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Dumas yog lyrical thiab epic tej hauj lwm ntawm Ukrainian lus dab neeg txog cov xwm txheej hauv lub neej ntawm Cossacks ntawm 16th-18th centuries. Lawv tau ua nyob rau hauv recitative mus nrog bandura, lyre los yog kobza los ntawm wandering singers. Qhov no yog ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm Ukrainian pej xeem cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lawv zaj dab neeg thiab style, lawv nyob ze rau qhev quaj.

Los ntawm daim di ncauj ntawm cov neeg mus rau nplooj ntawv sau

Lyric-epic tej hauj lwm ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th tsis tau muaj sia nyob mus rau peb lub sij hawm, tsuas muaj hais nyob rau hauv ib co qhov chaw hais txog lawv lub neej. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov ntawv ntawm cov nkauj tau dhau los ntawm qhov ncauj mus rau qhov ncauj, thiab lawv pib sau tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo pua 17th. Lawm, muaj ntau ntau cov qauv ntawm tib txoj kev xav, vim hais tias txhua tus neeg ua yeeb yam hloov kho cov ntawv nyeem hauv nws tus kheej, ntxiv ib yam dab tsi thiab tshem tawm ib yam dab tsi. Ua tsaug rau cov neeg sau kos duab xws li Nikolai Tsertelev, Panteleimon Kulish, Nikolai Maksimovich, Ambrose Metlinsky, Izmail Sreznevsky, ntau pua kev xav hauv kev txhais lus sib txawv tau muaj sia nyob rau peb lub sijhawm.

Ntawm lawv yog "Marusya Boguslavka", thawj zaug sau tseg hauv 50s ntawm lub xyoo pua ua ntej kawg hauv lub xeev Kharkov los ntawm daim di ncaujkobzar Rigorenko los ntawm lub zos ntawm Krasnokutsk. Kom txog rau thaum lub 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, ntau lub kaum os versions ntawm zaj nkauj no tau sau. Tab sis cov ntawv tseem ceeb yog suav tias yog ib qho uas tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug hauv "Cov Lus Qhia rau yav qab teb Russia" los ntawm Panteleimon Kulish.

Marusya Boguslavka
Marusya Boguslavka

Nws raug kuaj suav tsis txheeb. Txawm tias Taras Shevchenko nws tus kheej luam tawm nws nyob rau hauv nws Primer rau South Lavxias teb sab tsev kawm ntawv. Cov zajlus kuj txhawb Mikhail Staritsky los sau ib zaj yeeb yam ntawm tib lub npe, thiab composer Alexander Sveshnikov los ua ib tug ballet.

"Marusya Boguslavka": sau

Yog koj hais tias nws tsis muaj, ces tsis yog. Yog lawm, nws tsis paub tias leej twg yog thawj tus tuaj nrog cov lus thiab cov ntawv thawj suab zoo li cas, yog li kev sau ntawv tsis tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau ib leeg. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yog feem ntau lees txais tias lawv yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib sau ua ke. Thiab qhov tseeb nws yog. Dumas, zoo li lwm yam hauj lwm dab neeg, tau dhau los ntawm qhov ncauj mus rau qhov ncauj. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yog lub tswv yim ntawm zaj nkauj no yog neeg txawv teb chaws rau tib neeg lub siab ntawm tus kheej, nws yuav tsis muaj cag thiab nws yuav tsis rov hu dua ib zaug ntxiv. Txhua kobzar (lawv feem ntau yog cov nqa ntawm pej xeem cov nkauj) ntxiv nws cov mite rau cov ntawv nyeem, hloov me ntsis.

Duma Marusya Boguslavka
Duma Marusya Boguslavka

Yog li ntawd, kev xav "Marusya Boguslavka", zoo li txhua tus neeg, yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm tag nrho cov haiv neeg.

Tshwj xeeb thiab tswv yim

Lub duma no raug suav hais tias yog pearl ntawm pej xeem epic. Lub ntsiab lus uas zaj nkauj no yog piav qhia txog kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg Ukrainian nrog cov Turks, nyob ntev ntawm Cossacks nyob rau hauv yeeb ncuab captivity.thiab kev pab uas tus ntxhais Marusya xav muab rau nws haiv neeg.

Ukrainian Cov Neeg Duma
Ukrainian Cov Neeg Duma

Lub tswv yim ntawm txoj haujlwm yog los rau txim rau kev ua qhev thiab kev txom nyem uas Ukrainians yuav tsum tau nyiaj dhau, thiab lees paub kev ntseeg hauv lub neej zoo dua. Tib neeg txoj kev xav ntawm tus kheej xav qhia cov kev xav hauv qab no rau cov neeg niaj hnub thiab cov tiam tom ntej los ntawm qhov kev xav no: txawm tias muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab kev txaj muag ntau npaum li cas, kev ywj pheej muaj peev xwm ua tau ua tsaug rau kev ua siab loj thiab ua siab loj.

Ib daim ntawv poetic peculiar (lus rhymes, repetitions ntawm kab lus), ib tug meej kev tsim kho ntawm lub zajlus, lub piav qhia ntawm cov xwm txheej, muaj zog lyricism, nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb sab hauv ntawm cov cim - tag nrho cov yam ntxwv nta ntawm lyric-epic kuj muaj nyob rau hauv zaj nkauj no hais txog Marusya Bogulavka.

Composition

Intro: zaj dab neeg uas Cossacks raug ntes ntawm Turkish Khan.

Main feem: Marusya Boguslavka cov lus cog tseg kom tso cov neeg nyob sib ze.

Ending: tus ntxhais khaws nws cov lus, tab sis nws tus kheej tsis kam nrog Cossacks mus rau nws lub tebchaws.

Zaj Dab Neeg

Lub Duma pib nrog kev hais tias 700 Cossacks tau poob rau hauv tsev lojcuj tau 30 xyoo ntev thiab tsis pom lub teeb dawb. Ces Marusya Boguslavka tuaj rau lawv thiab nug lawv seb lawv puas paub tias hnub so tag kis nyob rau hauv Ukraine. Lawv, ntawm chav kawm, tsis paub, tab sis nws qhia lawv tias nws yog Easter. Lub Cossacks pib foom Marusya vim nws ua rau lawv lub siab, tab sis tus ntxhais hais kom tsis txhob ua li no, vim hais tias nws cog lus tias yuav tso lawv nyob rau hauv lub ua ntej ntawm lub hnub so. Nws tus txiv, Turkish Khan, thaum nws mus rau lub mosque, nyob rau hauv nws txhais tesmuab cov yuam sij rau lub qhov taub. Marusya, raws li tau cog lus tseg, npaj kev khiav tawm rau Cossacks. Hauv kev sib cais, nws hais kom lawv mus rau lub nroog Boguslav, qhia rau nws txiv tias nws yuav tsum tsis txhob sau nyiaj rau tus nqe txhiv, vim nws "tau npau taws, npau taws." Cov neeg Ukrainian Duma xaus nrog kev thov rau Vajtswv kom tso txhua tus qhev.

daim duab ntawm tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb

Nws tsis qhia nws tus kheej tam sim ntawd, tab sis maj mam, raws li zaj dab neeg txuas ntxiv mus. Marusya yog ib tug qhev yooj yim uas raug kaw, qhov chaw uas nws tau los ua tus poj niam-concubine ntawm Turkish Khan.

Marusya Boguslavka: tus sau
Marusya Boguslavka: tus sau

Nws nco txog nws yav tag los, vim nws hu nws tus kheej tias "tus pov thawj", uas yog tus pov thawj tus ntxhais. Marusya Boguslavka yog lub siab dawb siab zoo thiab hais lus ncaj ncees, qhia rau Cossacks txog nws lub hom phiaj kom tso lawv dim thiab vim li cas nws thiaj xav tias nws tus kheej tsis muaj cai taug kev hauv nws lub tebchaws dua.

Qhov xwm txheej ntawm nws qhov xwm txheej yog qhov, txawm tias muaj lub sijhawm khiav tawm los, nws tsis siv. Nws mob los ntawm nws lub siab, vim hais tias tau ntau xyoo nyob rau hauv captivity tus ntxhais los ua ib tug Muslim, txawm tias nws txiv yog ib tug pov thawj. Marusya Boguslavka nws tus kheej piav qhia tias nws "ua qias neeg rau Turkish khoom kim heev, rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev tsis muaj hmoo." Tab sis tus neeg piav txog txoj kev khuv leej yog nyob rau sab ntawm tus heroine, thiab nws sim tsis txhob rau txim rau nws, tab sis kom tsub kom muaj kev khuv leej.

Ntxhais Marusya
Ntxhais Marusya

Historical foundation

Tsis muaj qhov tseeb tseeb txog qhov muaj tiag ntawm Marusya Boguslavka. Qhov no feem ntau yuav yog ib daim duab sib sau ua ke. Thaum lub sij hawm xyoo ntawm kev tsim txom Turkish, ntau tus ntxhais raug kaw, thiab qee tus txawm tswj kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig hauv thaj av txawv teb chaws. Los ntawmtsawg kawg yog ib tug paub - Nastya Lisovskaya, uas tau los ua tus poj niam ntawm Sultan Suleiman. Thiab rau qhov zoo ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg, cov ntxhais zoo li no tau pheej hmoo rau lawv tus kheej lub neej.

Cov haujlwm qub li kev xav txog Marusya Boguslavka yog deservedly suav nrog hauv lub txhab nyiaj ntawm ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv.

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