Escher's "Waterfall". Lub siab ua si
Escher's "Waterfall". Lub siab ua si

Video: Escher's "Waterfall". Lub siab ua si

Video: Escher's
Video: Escher for Real The Belvedere, Waterfall, Necker Cube, Penrose Triangle 3D Printing from Technion 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Kev pom qhov muag tsis pom kev, mirages, tricks yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm peb txoj kev nkag siab lossis yog cov sijhawm tshwj xeeb uas peb tsis paub siv qhov tsim nyog? Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj: ua kom rov tsim dua qhov tseeb lossis tsim koj tus kheej qhov tseeb uas muaj cov lus tsis sib xws thiab kev tsis sib haum?

Escher illusions
Escher illusions

Tsis txhob ntseeg koj ob lub qhov muag

Tsis yog qhov xwm txheej cuam tshuam rau peb qhov pom kev tsis pom kev hauv daim ntawv ntawm mirages. Piv txwv ntawm optical paradoxes tuaj yeem pom nyob rau ntawm lub canvases ntawm cov tswv zoo ntawm yav dhau los. Piv txwv li, Pieter Brueghel's Magpie on the Gallows lossis William Hogarth's Frontispiece: A False Perspective Satire. Oskar Reutersvärd qhov kev txaus siab nrog kev kho qhov muag yog qhov pib ntawm kev taw qhia tshiab hauv kev kos duab kos duab - duab kos duab, duab ntawm qhov ua tsis tau. Ib tus neeg ua raws li qhov qauv no, Maurits Escher, tau hais tias:

kos yog dag.

Nws tau tsim cov ntawv kos duab thiab kos duab, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yuam kev yog ua rau tus neeg saib tsis meej, ua rau nws tsis ntseeg, xav, raus nws tus kheej hauv cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm daim duab txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tsis paub zais nyob ntawd.

dej tsaws tsag escher
dej tsaws tsag escher

Zoo los yog science

Impossible yog ua tau. Roger Penrose, tus kws ua lej, luam tawm ib tsab xov xwm hauv xyoo 1958, qhov uas nws tau sau cov duab ntawm cov duab uas tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia thiab piav qhia txog cov yam ntxwv thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov sawv cev. Koj tuaj yeem nkag siab qhov no siv qhov piv txwv ntawm Escher's "Waterfall":

  1. Kev ua txhaum ntawm lub logic ntawm qhov chaw. Ib yam nkaus, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, qhov loj ntawm tus pej thuam, raws li kev soj ntsuam ze, lawv tsis tig tawm mus.
  2. Distortion of perspective. Cov channel uas cov dej ntws hloov pauv lawv lub dav hlau thiab lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev xav los ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm qhov ntsia ntawm tus saib.
  3. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm txhua hnub thiab fantasy ntsiab hauv cov duab. Cov kev cai niaj hnub ntawm lub tsev, daim duab niaj hnub ntawm ib tug poj niam dai khaub ncaws, ib sab ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo heev, neeg txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej vaj.

Txhua yam no ua rau peb lub hlwb tsim cov kev sib txuas tshiab, kho qhov tseeb axioms, thawb cov ciam teb ntawm kev muaj tiag. M. Escher's engravings txhawb kev txaus siab thiab kev qhuas tsis yog ntawm cov neeg nyiam kos duab zoo xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov kws ua lej thiab cov kws tsim qauv.

Ua ib zaj dab neeg muaj tseeb

"Dej Dej tsaws tsag" los ntawm Escher Maurits yog qhov nyuaj rau lub neej niaj hnub, kev tawg ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm peb txoj kev xav.

Kev xav coj lub neej ua tsis tau yog lub cim ntawm tib neeg. Thiab twb kaum ob ntawm "Kulibins" tab tom tsim cov qauv ua haujlwm ntawm Escher "Dej Dej tsaws tsag". Txog tam sim no, lawv yog cov tsis zoo tag nrho thiab tsa ntau cov lus nug, tab sis tej zaum kev tsim lub tshuab ua kom zoo tshaj plaws nyob ib puag ncig tsis nyob deb, thiab ib tus neeg yuav muaj peev xwm tsim tau qhov tseeb uas zoo li lub ntsej muag cuav.

Pom zoo: