Tus sau Vera Panova. Biography ntawm Panova Vera Feodorovna
Tus sau Vera Panova. Biography ntawm Panova Vera Feodorovna

Video: Tus sau Vera Panova. Biography ntawm Panova Vera Feodorovna

Video: Tus sau Vera Panova. Biography ntawm Panova Vera Feodorovna
Video: 10 minutes silence, where's the microphone??? 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Vera Panova paub rau cov neeg nyeem niaj hnub no feem ntau yog tus kws qhia ntawv thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm Sergei Dovlatov. Tsis muaj coob leej nyeem nws phau ntawv niaj hnub no. Tus poj niam no, qhov tseeb, yog ib qho classic ntawm Soviet cov ntaub ntawv. Vera Panova yog tus kws sau ntawv uas nws cov phau ntawv tau hlub los ntawm cov neeg nyeem thiab cov neeg txawj ntse ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet.

vera paj
vera paj

Short creative biography

Nws txoj haujlwm suav nrog kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, ua yeeb yam, dab neeg luv luv, dab neeg dab neeg, thiab dab neeg dab neeg. Hauv lawv, Vera Panova tsa cov teeb meem kev sib raug zoo thiab kev coj ncaj ncees ntawm nws lub sijhawm. Nws soj ntsuam kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab cov cim. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog cov dab neeg "Satellites" thiab "Seryozha" (1946 thiab 1955, raws li), nrog rau cov dab neeg "Kruzhilikha" thiab "Lub Caij" (1947 thiab 1953). Nws tsim nyob rau hauv 1958 "Sentimental novel", uas tau los ua ib tug portrait ntawm tiam 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Vera Panova yog tus yeej ntawm Stalin nqi zog, nrog rau lub Xeev Nqi Zog ntawm USSR (peb zaug - xyoo 1947, 48 thiab 50).

Tsev neeg ntawm Vera Fedorovna

Nws yug hauv 1905, Lub Peb Hlis 7, hauv nroog Rostov-on-Don. txiv neej yav tom ntejCov kws sau ntawv - ib tug neeg ua lag luam txom nyem, uas tom qab ntawd tau ua tus pab accountant hauv Rostov bank. Thaum Vera muaj 5 xyoos (nyob rau hauv 1910), nws tragically tuag nyob rau hauv lub Don. Yog li ntawd, Vera niam, uas yog tus kws qhia suab paj nruag los ntawm kev ua haujlwm, yuav tsum tau tsa nws cov menyuam ntawm cov nyiaj hli me me raws li tus neeg ua haujlwm, nrog rau tus poj ntsuam nyiaj laus tau txais los ntawm lub txhab nyiaj.

Childhood of Vera Panova

Nyob rau xyoo 2018 ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej yog qhov nyuaj. Lawv dhau los ntawm kev xav tau thiab kev txom nyem. Tab sis Panova tau paub txog lub neej ntawm lub nroog sab nrauv, thiab lub neej ntawm tib neeg. Cov kev xav thaum yau yog qhov tsis sib xws. Txij li thaum tseem hluas, nrog rau cov yeeb yuj duab ntawm lub festive nroog Rostov, yav tom ntej kws sau ntawv kuj nco txog lub neej txhua hnub ntawm lub xeev lub neej. Nws pom qhov kawg ntawm cov qub Russia. Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig ua rau lub neej ib txwm muaj. Rostov kuj tau ntsib tag nrho cov vicissitudes ntawm lub sij hawm turbulent no. Cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog hloov ntau zaus. Tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm 1920 nws thiaj li dhau los ua Soviet.

Panova kawm tiav qib 4 ntawm gymnasium ua ntej lub kiv puag ncig. Kuv yuav tsum tsis kam mus kawm ntxiv vim tsis muaj nyiaj txiag. Hauv tsev, tus ntxhais tau koom nrog kev kawm tus kheej. Nws nyeem ntau heev thiab pib sau paj huam thaum ntxov.

thawj ua haujlwm

Vera Fyodorovna Panova tau luam tawm tsis tu ncua txij li hnub nyoog 17 xyoo hauv cov ntawv xov xwm xws li "Soviet South", "Cov Hluas ntawm Don", "Labour Don" thiab lwm yam. Nws luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub npe pseudonym V. Staroselskaya (lub xeem lub npe ntawm tus sau tus txiv) thiab Vera Veltman ntau feuilletons, tsab xov xwm, sau ntawv, thiab sau ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, feuilletons zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm hauv qabcwjmem ntawm tus kws sau ntawv hluas ("Capital Writer", "Fig Leaf", "High Pov Thawj", "Veterinary Medicine in Chernihiv", "Unrecognized Genius", "Peb Outgoing"). Cov ntawv tshaj tawm no coj Vera Panova thawj lub koob meej hauv zos. Lawv tsis dhau mus yam tsis muaj ib txoj hauv kev ntxiv rau kev muaj tswv yim ntxiv, tawm hauv daim ntaub thaiv kev lom zem thiab maj mam irony, uas tom qab ntawd yuav muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm nws cov hauj lwm nto moo.

Qhia Lub Vajvoog Literary

Tau ntau xyoo, kev sau xov xwm yog Panova txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Thaum nws ua nws, nws tau ntsib A. Fadeev, Yu. Yuzovsky, V. Stavsky, N. Pogodin nyob rau hauv lub editorial chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm. A. Mariengof, V. Mayakovsky, A. Lunacharsky, S. Yesenin tuaj rau Rostov. Vera Panova ua hauj lwm kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab-30s nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam cov ntawv xov xwm thiab ntawv xov xwm nyob rau hauv Rostov ("Gorn", "Koster", "Lenin cov xeeb ntxwv").

Txiv mus rau Ukraine

Lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1934-1935, qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv tau tshwm sim hauv txoj hmoo ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. B. Vakhtin, nws tus txiv thib ob, raug ntes ntawm kev foob cuav. Ntshai kev tsim txom, Vera Fedorovna Panova tsiv nrog nws cov menyuam mus rau Ukraine, mus rau lub Poltava cheeb tsam (lub zos ntawm Shishaki). Ntawm no nws sau qhov xwm txheej hauv nqe lus hais txog kev tawm tsam tsis sib xws ntawm Spanish Republicans nrog Francoists.

Dramaturgy Panova

Vera Fyodorovna qhov kev txaus siab hauv kev ua yeeb yam tau ua kom muaj zog heev. Nws tshwm sim nws tus kheej thoob plaws hauv nws txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim. Thaum Vera Panova, uas nws biography yog piav nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, tsiv mus rau Leningrad nyob rau hauv 1933, nws coj mus rau qhov teeb meem ntawm lub ua yeeb yam. Hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua tsov rog ua ntejLub sij hawm "Ilya Kosogor" thiab "Nyob rau hauv Moscow" (raws li - 1939 thiab 1940) Panova tig mus rau lub xyoo ua ntej lub kiv puag ncig - rau cov duab ntawm lub neej ntawm lub nroog cov neeg, uas tig mus rau tenacious nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, qhov kev ua si yog staged nyob rau hauv 1940, staged los ntawm Y. Zavadsky. Nws twb rehearsed ntawm Leningrad Theatre. Pushkin ua ntej tsov rog (tus thawj coj - L. Vivienne).

Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj hauv lub neej ntawm tus kws sau ntawv

Panova ntsib Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj hauv nroog Pushkin, nyob ze Leningrad. Vera Panova tsis muaj sijhawm khiav tawm ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm cov neeg German. Biography ntawm tus kws sau ntawv nyob rau hauv wartime tsim raws li nram no. Nrog ib tug me nyuam (nyob rau hauv Ukraine, nyob rau hauv Shishaki, muaj ob tug me nyuam tshuav), Panova mus txog lub Ukrainian lub zos nrog heev nyuaj. Tom qab ntawd, qhov kev xav ntawm txoj kev no tau tshwm sim hauv kev ua si hu ua "Lub Caij Nplooj Hlav", nrog rau hauv zaj dab neeg kawg ntawm Vera Panova "Hais txog kuv lub neej, cov phau ntawv thiab cov neeg nyeem". Hauv thaj chaw uas nyob, hauv lub zos, Vera tau kawm los ntawm nws tus kheej kev paub txog qhov tob ntawm cov neeg txom nyem. Nws tawm ntawm qhov kev sim siab no ua rau kev coj ncaj ncees, tag nrho ntawm cov tswv yim tshiab.

Txiv mus rau Perm, zaj dab neeg "Satellites"

Panova tswj kom txav los ntawm Ukraine mus rau Perm thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1943. Lub nroog no tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws lub neej, txij li nws nyob ntawm no, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kho mob ntawm ib qho ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, uas nws tau txais txoj haujlwm los ua tus neeg sau xov xwm hauv tsev kho mob tsheb ciav hlau txhawm rau sau ib daim ntawv qhia txog qhov kev paub ntawm lub nroog. cov neeg ua haujlwm raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev mus ncig. Yog li xyoo 1946 nws tau tsimzaj dab neeg "Satellites", yog ib qho ntawm cov hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kws sau ntawv, uas tau dhau los ua cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet. Tom qab ntawd, Panova tau txais mus rau Lub Koom Haum Sau Ntawv ntawm USSR.

duab paj ntaub
duab paj ntaub

Zaj dab neeg dhau los ua ib qho kev xav loj hauv ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog ib tug loj hit nrog cov nyeem. Hauv kev ua haujlwm - tsuas yog qhov tseeb xwb, tsis muaj qhov poob ntawm kev dag. Panova hauv ib xyoos yuav tau txais khoom plig Stalin - ib qho cim ntawm lub xeev lees paub. "Sputnik", raws li koj paub, tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm Stalin nws tus kheej. Kev vam meej tuaj rau Panova lig: tag nrho-Union debut ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau tshwm sim thaum nws twb dhau plaub caug.

Vera Panova, uas nws cov duab tau nthuav tawm thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm, hauv zaj dab neeg no tau tswj hwm los tsim cov duab me me tab sis nthuav qhia cov cim. Cov tshooj sib cais tau mob siab rau tus phab ej: "Yulia Dmitrieva", "Doctor Belov", "Lena", "Danilov". "Cov Phooj Ywg" hauv kev tsim kho - cov saw ntawm cov duab dab neeg uas tsim cov duab loj, ib qho kev kos duab tsis pom zoo rau cov nyeem.

Evdokia

Panova vera Fedorovna biography
Panova vera Fedorovna biography

Xyoo 1945, tus kws sau ntawv Vera Panova tau tsim thawj zaj dab neeg - "Lub Tsev Neeg Pirozhkov" ("Evdokia" nyob rau hauv tsab ntawm 1959). "Evdokia" Panova tau xav txog nws qhov kev tshwm sim tiag tiag hauv cov ntaub ntawv, txij li thawj zaug nws tau sau nws li niaj zaus.

Kab cua daj cua dub

Tus tshiab "Kruzhilikha" tau luam tawm xyoo 1947. Nws qhia txog cov neeg ntawm lub wartime Ural Hoobkas. "Kruzhilikha" - ib tug tshiab hais txog ib tug neeg ua haujlwm kev sib hais haum nyob rau hauvnpe Motovikha. Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm nthuav tawm ntawm Listopad, tus thawj coj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab Uzdechkin, tus thawj coj koom haum ua lag luam. Nws yog lus dag, tsis zoo li feem ntau lwm yam hauj lwm uas yog ib hom ntawm "kev lag luam" novels, nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees sphere. Nws yog ib sab ntawm "Kruzhilikha" uas ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev tsis ntseeg loj tshaj plaws hauv ntau qhov kev sib tham. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws sau ntawv Vera Panova tseem muaj tseeb rau nws tus kheej hauv txoj haujlwm no: nws ib txwm txhawj xeeb thiab xav txog cov teeb meem kev coj ncaj ncees. Txhua yam "tsim" nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm tib neeg.

Kev muaj tswv yim ntxiv

Vera Fedorovna Panova, uas nws biography txaus siab rau peb, nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no xyoo tsim ib tug xov tooj ntawm novels thiab cov dab neeg luv luv: "Clear Coast", "Sentimental Novel", "Lub Caij" (raws li - 1949, 1958 thiab 1953).

Zaj dab neeg "Seryozha", sau xyoo 1955, qhib lub voj voog ntawm kev ua haujlwm txog menyuam yaus: "Tus Tub thiab Ntxhais", "Volodya", "Valya" thiab lwm yam.

Kev tshuaj ntsuam ntawm "Seryozha"

Zaj dab neeg luv luv no nyiam cov xim ntawm Igor Talankin thiab Georgy Danelia, thawj coj tshiab. Lawv muab tus kws sau ntawv los koom nrog kev tsim cov ntawv. Cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm tib lub npe tau ua tiav zoo. Nws tau txais nyob rau hauv Karlovy Vary, nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb zaj duab xis Success, tus nqi zog Grand. Panova's prose yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab ntawm thaw, txij li tib neeg tus ntsuj plig, thiab tsis yog lub xeev tshuab, yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws.

Keeb kwm ua haujlwm

Tus sauPanova nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no tau pib tsim cov haujlwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus keeb kwm. Nws sau cov dab neeg mob siab rau Ancient Russia, Ivan qhov txaus ntshai, lub sij hawm ntawm Teeb meem. Lawv tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib phau ntawv luam tawm xyoo 1966 hu ua Faces at Dawn. Raws li tus kws sau ntawv, "cov txheej txheem mosaic" tau siv rau hauv keeb kwm portraits thiab paintings. Lub panorama ntawm keeb kwm tau tsim los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm yav dhau los. Cov hauj lwm no yog tag nrho ntawm analogues thiab allusions. Tus kws sau ntawv txhawb nws cov neeg nyeem kom xav thiab sib piv. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov teeb meem ntawm tib neeg thiab lub hwj chim, tyranny thiab lub luag haujlwm rau lub teb chaws thiab lub xeev. Panova phau ntawv kawg tau luam tawm xyoo 1975, tom qab nws tuag. Nws yog hu ua "Hais txog kuv lub neej, phau ntawv thiab nyeem."

Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Vera Panova tau muab txhais ua ntau hom lus.

Vera Panova biography
Vera Panova biography

xyoo tshiab

Tom qab koom nrog lub rooj sib tham ntawm Soviet cov kws sau ntawv, lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1967, Panova rov qab mus rau Leningrad los ntawm Moscow tsis tshua muaj neeg nkees, tab sis tseem ua haujlwm ntxiv. Qhov tshwm sim yog kev puas tsuaj: tus kws sau ntawv raug mob stroke, uas nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej. Tab sis txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov kab mob no, nws tau pom muaj zog txaus siab thiab ua haujlwm ntxiv.

panova kws sau ntawv
panova kws sau ntawv

Tus Sau Vera Fedorovna Panova tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tshiab, keeb kwm ntawm Mohammed (tus yaj saub), keeb kwm me me. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas tau sau qee nplooj ntawv memoir prose.

Meet Sergei Dovlatov

Sergey Dovlatovnyob hauv tib lub tsev nrog tus kws sau ntawv. Nws yog ib tug neeg siab phem. Nws tus cwj pwm, tsis hais leej twg nws tau sau txog, yeej tam sim ntawd los ua tus phab ej ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tsis zoo nkauj heev. Dovlatov paub Vera Panova zoo heev. Nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub lig 60s raws li ib tug literary secretary rau ib tug kws sau ntawv. Panova tshwm los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ntawm nws prose raws li lub embodiment ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees. Tsis muaj ib lo lus phem tau hais txog nws. Qhov no tsuas yog tus cwj pwm zoo hauv txhua qhov haujlwm ntawm Dovlatov.

Tus kws sau ntawv Vera Panova
Tus kws sau ntawv Vera Panova

Kev tuag ntawm Vera Panova

Vera Fedorovna tuag hauv 1973, Lub Peb Hlis 3rd. Tus kws sau ntawv raug faus ze ntawm Leningrad, ntawm lub toj ntxas hauv Komarovo.

Panova Vera Fedorovna
Panova Vera Fedorovna

Ntawm lub façade ntawm lub tsev, nyob ntawm Marsovo Pole, 7, muaj ib lub cim nco txog granite plaque, uas hais tias txij xyoo 1948 txog 1970 Vera Fedorovna Panova ua haujlwm thiab nyob ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, ib qho ntawm cov squares zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Leningrad tau muaj npe tom qab nws.

Pom zoo: