Cov kws sau paj huam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Russia: cov npe nrov tshaj plaws

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Txoj haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau paj huam zoo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ib leeg, tab sis lawv txoj hmoo zoo sib xws. Coob leej ntawm cov neeg muaj txiaj ntsig zoo no tau muaj lub sijhawm los ntsib ob qho kev nyuaj ntawm lub sijhawm muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kev kub ntxhov ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Ntau tus tau dhau los ua neeg raug tsim txom los ntawm kev hlub tsis zoo siab, ntsib kev mob ntawm kev ploj ntawm cov neeg hlub. Nws yog qhov ua tau tias nws yog cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai uas lawv tau ntsib uas ua rau lawv tus tsim zoo.

Tus kws sau paj huam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Russia: A. S. Pushkin

Muaj ib lub npe paub rau txhua tus neeg uas kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem nyeem ib qho haujlwm ntawm Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, tab sis yeej tsis hnov txog nws - nws yog tsis yooj yim sua. Nws raug hu ua tus tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv thiab lub hnub ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam, nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov loj tshaj masters ntawm lo lus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov kws sau paj huam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Russia, A. S. Pushkin yog thawj qhov chaw. Cov tub ceev xwm tsis nyiam tus tsim rau kev hu rau kev ywj pheej thiab tus kheej lub siab nyiam, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam ntawm nws cov haujlwm. Lub neej ntawm tus kws sau paj lug tau xaus rau hauv kev sib tw thaum nws muaj 37 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua kom pom tag nrhokev zoo nkauj ntawm niam nplaig.

Nws nyuaj rau xaiv cov ntawv nyeem feem ntau ntawm Pushkin. Nws cov paj huam nto moo yog "Cov neeg raug txim ntawm Caucasus", "Bronze Horseman", "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila", "Poltava". Kev saib xyuas ntau hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv tau muab rau nws cov ntawv tshiab hauv nqe lus "Eugene Onegin".

YMikhail Yurievich Lermontov

Cov kws sau paj huam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Russia qhia txog txoj hmoo phem. Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov, zoo li nws cov npoj yaig nto moo, tuag hauv kev sib tw. Kev tuag overtook nws thaum muaj hnub nyoog 26 xyoo, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm ua tau txaus kom suav hais tias yog tus loj tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab romanticism. Lermontov tsis yog tsuas yog tus kws sau paj huam ntawm Caucasus, tab sis kuj yog lub hli ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam.

Kev mob siab rau Mikhail Yurievich tau nyiam los ntawm nws cov paj huam nto moo "Kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj huam". Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws qhib accuses cov tub ceev xwm ntawm kev tuag ntxov ntxov ntawm lub zoo artist ntawm lo lus - Pushkin. Tsar Nicholas kuv tau npau taws los ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, yog li Lermontov raug xa mus rau kev raug kaw hauv Caucasus, qhov chaw nws tau tsim ntau yam haujlwm nto moo. Nws cov paj huam yog permeated nrog kev hlub rau lub motherland, lyricism thiab rebelliousness. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv muaj kev hu mus tawm tsam kev tsis ncaj ncees, uas Bolsheviks poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog nws txoj haujlwm. Nws tsis yooj yim sua tsis nco tus sau qhov kev lom zem.

"Nkauj hais txog Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich", "Borodino", "Tambov Treasurer", "Dab", "Mtsyri" - nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm sau tag nrho Lermontov tus masterpieces.

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov Y

Leej twg nyob hauv cov npe ntawm cov kws sau paj huam zoo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia? Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov rightfully occupies ib tug tsim nyog qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws. Nws cov paj huam puv nrog mob rautxoj hmoo ntawm lub Fatherland, kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv compatriots, kev hlub rau xwm. Ntau yam ntawm Nekrasov cov hauj lwm tau xav txog nws txoj kev xav txog kev nom kev tswv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, piv txwv li, "Leej twg yuav tsum nyob zoo nyob rau hauv Russia", "Lavxias teb sab poj niam". Cov paj huam ntawm tus tsim muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov dab neeg. Nws mob siab rau txoj kev ua neej thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm peb cov neeg. Cov menyuam yaus pib kawm nws zaj paj huam hauv kindergarten.

YPiv rau Pushkin thiab Lermontov, Nekrasov tau ua neej nyob ntev. Nws tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 56, nws tuag hauv nws lub txaj tom qab mob ntev.

Konstantin Dmitrievich Balmont

Lub npe ntawm tus tsim lub cim no suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov kws sau paj huam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm xyoo pua 20th. Kev lees paub tsis tuaj rau nws tam sim ntawd, nws tau txais koob meej tom qab nws cov ntawv sau "Nyob rau hauv lub Vastness" thiab "Nyob rau hauv Northern Sky" tau luam tawm. "Mermaid", "Kuv xav tau koj, kuv txoj kev zoo siab", "Wilderness", "Giant mountain", "Savenly dew" yog cov paj huam nto moo ntawm Balmont. Nws txoj haujlwm yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov lus nplua nuj, suab paj nruag, ntau yam kev kawm.

Yuav luag ib nrab ntawm nws lub neej Balmont siv txawv teb chaws. Nws tsis lees txais Bolshevik system, yog li nws tau tawm ua ntej rau lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab tom qab ntawd rau Fabkis. Konstantin Dmitrievich siv lub xyoo kawg ntawm nws lub neej nyob rau hauv kev txom nyem. Nws ncaim ntiaj teb no thaum muaj hnub nyoog 75.

YBoris Leonidovich Pasternak

Pasternak mus muaj koob meej ntev. Nws thawj phau ntawv paj huam tsis tau lees paub los ntawm pej xeem. Qhov chaw ntawm tus kws sau paj huam tau muab rau nws los ntawm kev sau "Kuv tus muam yog txoj sia". Boris Leonidovich nws tus kheej tau thov tias nws suav nrog paj huam,txhais tag nrho nws txoj haujlwm. Txhawm rau txhawm rau ua tiav qhov kev vam meej ntawm Pasternak tau pab lub voj voog ntawm kev ua haujlwm "Waves", uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev xav ntawm kev mus rau Caucasus.

Fame thoob ntiaj teb Boris Leonidovich tau muab cov ntawv tshiab "Tus Kws Kho Mob Zhivago", uas tau coj nws tus nqi zog Nobel thiab tus cwj pwm tsis zoo ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Soviet. Tab sis Pasternak cov paj huam muaj peev xwm qhia ntau ntxiv txog nws txoj kev xav ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev txiav txim, lub neej, kev tuag thiab kev hlub. Kev lees paub ntawm nws txoj haujlwm muab qhov tshwj xeeb style.

Alexander Alexandrovich Blok

Cov npe ntawm cov kws sau paj huam zoo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia hauv keeb kwm ntawm nws lub neej yuav tsis tiav yog tsis muaj lub npe no. Cov paj huam ntawm Alexander Alexandrovich Blok yog permeated nrog mysticism thiab muaj cov cim. Nws tej hauj lwm yog lub cim dawb huv, kev pom txawv ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Tus kws sau paj lug tau muab lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws txoj haujlwm rau lub suab, suab paj nruag, suab paj nruag.

Blok mob siab rau nws thawj zaug ua haujlwm rau muse, uas yog nws tus poj niam Anna. Tom qab ntawd nws pib depict revolutionary txheej xwm, lub neej niaj hnub ntawm Russia tshiab. Alexander Alexandrovich nyiam delve rau hauv psychology ntawm tib neeg, hu nkauj txog kev hlub tragic. "Lub Kaum Ob Hlis" yog nws cov paj huam nto moo tshaj plaws. "Scythians", "Hmo ntuj, txoj kev, teeb, lub tsev muag tshuaj…", "Txiv neej", "Kuv nkag mus hauv lub tuam tsev tsaus" yog Blok cov paj huam nto moo.

Nobel Laureate

I. A. Bunin yog thawj tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias uas nws txoj haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig Nobel nqi zog. Nws txawv ntawm nws cov npoj yaig hauv kev cob qhia kev sau ntawv hauv qhov uas nws tsis tau tham txog kev tsis ncaj ncees thiab kev tsis sib xws, tsis tau nkag mus rau hauvkev nom kev tswv. Nws cov paj huam yog ode rau qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm primeval xwm. Tus Creator savored nws euphony, intoxicating cua. Bunin nyiam tig mus rau sensual thiab capacious kab lus, siv epithets, mloog suab.

Cov xwm txheej tshwm sim tau ua rau Ivan Alekseevich tawm mus rau Fabkis, tab sis txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej nws npau suav rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws thiab tsis tas txhawj txog nws txoj hmoo. Nws ua neej nyob ntev thiab tuag thaum muaj 83 xyoos. Bunin cov paj huam nto moo - "Rau koj txhua tus, tus Tswv, kuv ua tsaug rau koj", "Tus Vaj Ntxwv Hluas", "Nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj centenary ntawm dub spruce", "Alyonushka".

Tus kws sau paj huam

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm A. A. Akhmatova nyiam cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau tiam neeg. Nws sau ntau lyrical paj huam, lub ntsiab ntawm nws tej hauj lwm yog kev hlub. Anna Andreevna hauv nws txoj haujlwm tau rau txim rau cov tub ceev xwm ntau dhau, tau hais tawm tus cwj pwm tsis zoo rau kev tsis ncaj ncees uas tab tom tshwm sim.

Kev txwv tsis pub tshaj tawm rau Akhmatova cov paj huam tau siv sijhawm li 15 xyoo nyob rau hauv Soviet txoj cai. Tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, tau tshaj tawm tsab cai lij choj uas txwv tsis pub tshaj tawm nws cov haujlwm. Tus kws sau paj huam raug yuam kom "flirt" nrog cov tub ceev xwm thaum nws tus tub raug ntes thiab muab pov rau hauv tsev lojcuj. Tom qab ntawd nws tau sim qhuas tsoomfwv hauv nws cov paj huam, tab sis qhov no tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig rau nws. Tus kws sau paj huam siv nws lub neej feem ntau hauv Leningrad, qhov chaw nws tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 76 xyoo. Nws tej hauj lwm nto moo yog "Requiem", "Grey-eyed King", "Nyob rau ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm lub Vaj Kaj Siab Dawb", "Poem tsis muaj ib tug Hero", "Zoo li ib tug straw, koj haus kuv tus ntsuj plig."

SingerZos Russia

S. A. Yesenin yog los ntawm ib tsev neeg neeg pluag, nws tau siv thawj xyoo ntawm nws lub neej nyob rau hauv lub zos me me ntawm Konstantinovo. Kev nco ntawm cov xyoo thaum ntxov tau tso lawv lub cim rau tag nrho nws txoj haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv ntau yam hauj lwm ntawm Sergei Alexandrovich, paj tawg, tawg ntawm nthwv dej thiab rustle ntawm reeds tau hnov. Nws yog qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub teb chaws uas ua rau nws sau ntawv. Tej hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug yog tag nrho ntawm amazing duab thiab suab paj nruag. Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, nws thuam kev ua siab phem, siab phem, kev dag ntxias, sawv rau qhov tseeb thiab kev ncaj ncees. Ntau ntawm Yesenin cov paj huam qhia txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv zej zog. Nws thuam cov tub ceev xwm, xav txog txoj hmoo ntawm tib neeg thiab lub teb chaws.

Sergey Yesenin tuag tragically thaum muaj hnub nyoog 30. Lub official version hais tias tus kws sau paj lug tua nws tus kheej, tab sis ntau tus kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias nws raug tua los ntawm Chekists. Nws tej hauj lwm nto moo yog "Tus txiv neej dub", "Kev lees txim ntawm Hooligan", "Koj Yog Kuv Lub Tebchaws Abandoned", "Goy koj, Russia, kuv nyob …", "Birches", "Cov teb raug compressed, groves. liab qab …".

B. V. Mayakovsky

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky yog ib tug kws sau paj huam uas tau pab txhawb rau futurism. "Ib tug sting rau bureaucrats", "tus tswv ntawm rhyming", "ib tug npau suav ntawm cov paj huam niaj hnub" - xws li epithets tau muab tsub rau nws los ntawm nws contemporaries. Cov Bolsheviks nquag siv tus kws sau paj huam ua haujlwm rau kev tshaj tawm.

Txoj hmoo ntawm tus kws sau paj huam hu tau zoo siab. Nws tau lossi nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj tswv yim nrhiav, nrhiav thiab nrhiav tsis tau nws tus kheej, ua tsis tau tejyam raws li reciprocity nyob rau hauv kev hlub. Nws qhov kawg tu siab: thaum muaj hnub nyoog 36, nws tua nws tus kheej, tawm hauv daim ntawvuas nws tau hais tias tsis muaj leej twg yuav raug liam rau nws txoj kev tuag … Muaj tseeb, qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau tswj xyuas cov kab ke ntawm Chekists hauv zaj dab neeg no. "Lub huab hauv lub ris", "Passport", "Hais txog nws" yog nws cov haujlwm nto moo.