Chistyakov Pavel Petrovich: biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus artist

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Los ntawm kab lus no koj tuaj yeem kawm txog biography ntawm tus kws kos duab Pavel Petrovich Chistyakov, uas nws txoj kev muaj tswv yim yog nplua nuj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Tau txais kev paub los ze zog nrog qee qhov ntawm nws cov canvases, cov lus piav qhia uas tseem muaj nyob ntawm no, txhua tus yuav tuaj yeem paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg no rau lub ntiaj teb kev kos duab.

Artist biography

Chistyakov Pavel Petrovich - tus kws kos duab nto moo, ib hom neeg pleev kob, thiab tseem yog tus tsim zoo tshaj plaws hauv hom "keeb kwm painting". Hnub yug thiab xyoo yug - Lub rau hli ntuj 23 (Lub Xya hli ntuj 5), 1832 Qhov chaw yug - Tver xeev. Kev nplua nuj nyob rau hauv erudition thiab versatility ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, nws tshuav ntau rau nws txiv, uas yog ib tug txiv neej ntawm yooj yim keeb kwm, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm to taub tag nrho cov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub Bezhetsky koog tsev kawm ntawv, qhov twg Pavel Petrovich tau txais nws thawj kev kawm ntawv, nws pib txaus siab rau kos duab. Tom qab ntawd Chistyakov tau cuv npe hauv Imperial Academy of Arts. Nyob ntawd nws tau kawm nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm keeb kwm painting los ntawm P. V. Basin. Ua tsaug rau cov kev kawm zoo heev thiab cov khoom plig kub rau nws txoj haujlwm, tus kws kos duab tau txais kev tso cai rauncig teb chaws mus txawv tebchaws kom muaj tswv yim tshiab.

Xyoo 1862 nws tau mus rau Ltalis, qhov chaw nws pib ua haujlwm ntau yam haujlwm ib zaug. Lub sijhawm no ntawm kev mus ncig thiab kev paub nrog cov kab lis kev cai ntawm lwm lub tebchaws thiab cov neeg tau nthuav dav lub qab ntug ntawm Pavel Petrovich. Thaum tus kws kos duab tuaj txog hauv St. Petersburg xyoo 1870, nws tau txais lub npe zoo siab ntawm "kev kawm".

Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm 1892, Chistyakov tau txais txiaj ntsig los ua ib tus xibfwb, thiab nws kuj tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub rooj cob qhia tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog mosaics. Tom qab lub sij hawm no, nws saib xyuas kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub koom txoos ntawm Kev Sawv Rov Los ntawm Tswv Yexus nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg thiab Tswv Yexus tus Cawm Seej nyob rau hauv Moscow. Chistyakov tuag nyob rau hauv 1919, Kaum ib hlis 11, nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw hu ua Detskoe Selo (tam sim no lub nroog ntawm Pushkin).

Kev qhia ua haujlwm

Chistyakov Pavel Petrovich yog tus kws qhia ntawv zoo. Txawm tias ua ntej nws mus rau hnub ci ltalis, nws tau muab cov lus qhia ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv kos duab. Tab sis cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntsig txog kev kawm tau pib txhim kho sai tom qab nws tau txais lub npe ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv thiab pib ua haujlwm hauv Academy of Arts. Thiab nws tau tswj hwm tib lub sijhawm los ua cov chav kawm hauv nws qhov kev cob qhia tus kheej, sib tham nrog pawg ntseeg thiab tswj hwm cov studios.

Lub sijhawm ntev xyoo ntawm kev qhia, Chistyakov tsim nws tus kheej, tsis tau pom dua ua ntej "kev kos duab". Nws pab cov tub ntxhais kawm kom paub saib qhov xwm txheej zoo li cas kom pom tias nws zoo li thiab muaj tiag tiag, kom hnov thiab paub txog yam khoom, txawm tias yuav tsum muaj dab tsi.recreate ntawm canvas, ib tug complex zajlus los yog ib tug earthenware jug. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm nws lub cev yog "kev sib raug zoo rau xwm", thiab lub ntsiab ntawm nws txoj kev paub yog kos duab. Tus naj npawb ntawm Chistyakov cov tub ntxhais kawm loj, nws cov tub ntxhais kawm zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum muaj npe: V. I. Surikov, I. E. Repin, V. A. Serov, M. A. Vrubel, V. D. Polenov. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias Pavel Petrovich Chistyakov tsis tau qhia tag nrho nws tus kheej los ua tus kws kos duab, tab sis nws txoj kev koom tes rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem pedagogical yog qhov loj heev.

Txoj kev ntawm tus kws kos duab muaj tswv yim

Chistyakov sim muab nws cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis yog tsuas yog kev paub txuj ci xwb, tab sis kuj qhia lawv kom xav, xav thiab xav. Thiab cov hauv paus no tau muab tso rau hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Paintings los ntawm Chistyakov Pavel Petrovich yog cais raws li "realism", tab sis lawv muaj lawv tus yam ntxwv. Lawv raug mob los ntawm txoj kev uas tus sau ntawm cov haujlwm no nws tus kheej tau qhia thiab tsim. Pavel Petrovich ntseeg tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kos duab yog kom paub nws cov cai, thiab kev kos duab yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev kos duab. Tab sis daim duab yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tseeb, mus rau cov ntsiab lus nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tus kws kos duab khaws cia cov duab thiab nws lub zeem muag ntawm cov khoom thiab tib neeg.

Nws portraits zoo kawg nkaus qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg tau piav qhia, lawv lub siab xav, thiab cov cim lawv tus kheej tau kos zoo heev, nrog cov xim zoo nkauj. Raws li keeb kwm painting, ntawm no Chistyakov siv xws li ib tug compositional txheej txheem ntawm cov duab uas tag nrho cov canvases zoo cus ciav thiab atmospheric, nrog rau ib tug tiag tiag mus ob peb vas conveyed.

Painting "Patriarch Hermogenes tsis kam tus Ncej kos npediploma"

Hermogenes yog undoubtedly ib lub cim tseem ceeb heev rau Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj, uas reveres nws raws li ib tug saib xyuas ntawm txoj kev ntseeg thiab ib tug martyr uas tsis renounce Orthodoxy. Lub xeev qhuas nws tias nws yog ib tug neeg hlub tiag tiag uas ua siab loj mus rau nws txoj kev tuag thiab tsis pom zoo koom tes nrog cov Poles, uas tau nkag mus rau lub xeev Muscovite.

Kev lees paub Patriarch Hermogenes hauv daim duab tsis yog qhov nyuaj: nws zaum ntawm sab laug ntawm daim duab hauv lub tsho tsaus nti, nrog lub hwj txwv grey thiab tsa tes. Cov Poles thov kom tus yawg koob kos npe rau ib tsab ntawv, uas tej zaum hais txog kev lees paub lub hwj chim ntawm invaders thiab ua kom tiav rau lawv. Hermogenes yog categorical, nws tsis pom zoo kos npe rau daim ntawv no, raws li nws yog ib tug tiag tiag patriot. Nws tsa nws txhais tes, nrog Vajtswv tham, los ntawm tus uas nws nrhiav kev nplij siab thiab kev txhawb nqa. Cov xim, chiaroscuro, poses, lub ntsej muag qhia - los ntawm qhov no Chistyakov qhia rau peb cov huab cua ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, pab peb nkag mus thiab hnov qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov xwm txheej nws tus kheej thiab txhua lub sijhawm hauv cov phiaj xwm ntawm daim duab.

Painting "Grand Duchess Sofya Vitovtovna ntawm lub tshoob ntawm Grand Duke Vasily lub Tsaus Ntuj hauv 1433 rub tawm txoj siv uas ib zaug koom nrog Dmitry Donskoy"

Tus kws kos duab Pavel Petrovich Chistyakov, uas nws cov duab kos tau pib ua qhov kev taw qhia xws li "cov duab keeb kwm tseeb", ua haujlwm ci ntsa iab thiab ua haujlwm hauv hom ntawv no. Thiab qhov kev tsim no yog qhov piv txwv tshaj plaws ntawm qhov no. Cov zajlus ntawm lub canvas yog raws li keeb kwm ntawm kev kav ntawm Prince Vasily II lub Tsaus Ntuj. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tsiab peb caug, Sofya Vitovtovna dared mus liam Vasily Kosoy, uas yog tus tub ntawm Yuri Galitsky, ua txhaum cai nyiag lub npe nrov golden siv ntawm Dmitry Donskoy. Nws maj mus rau nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv thiab kua muag tawm ntawm nws txoj siv sia, yog li ua rau nws ua phem rau nws ob qho tib si ua tub rog thiab ib tug txiv neej. Cov Galicians tawm ntawm lub tsiab peb caug thiab ntawm txoj kev ua rau lub nroog Yaroslavl, tus muaj ntawm Prince Donskoy. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov pib ntawm kev tsov rog hauv zej zog uas tau kav ntau xyoo lawm.

Chistyakov zoo kawg nkaus siv ntau yam kev kos duab qhia hauv nws cov duab los qhia tag nrho cov ntse ntawm qhov xwm txheej no, lub zog ntawm kev xav ntawm cov neeg tau piav qhia thiab qhov tsis sib haum xeeb nws tus kheej tau xav txog ntawm daim ntaub no. Kev loj hlob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm cov duab yog qhov uas tus kws kos duab xav tau, thiab nws ua tiav zoo kawg nkaus.