Modern thiab classical ballet

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub neej muaj kev xav tau ntau dua uas ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tiam tam sim no: dynamic, tsim, ntau yam. Qhov no siv rau ob qho tib si technology, technology, thiab kab lis kev cai nrog kos duab. Yog li ntawd, classical ballet tau hloov los ntawm niaj hnub. Nws yog dab tsi, thiab yuav ua li cas nws ua ke nrog cov tsoos ib txwm, peb yuav xav txog hauv kab lus.

Cov ntsiab lus dav dav

Ballet yog ib qho kev seev cev classic uas tsim lub hauv paus ntawm kev seev cev. Nws daim ntawv ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv kev xav tau hauv kev kos duab, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej niaj hnub no nws tau nthuav tawm rau pej xeem hauv kev txhais lus tshiab, dawb dua. Yav dhau los, tus thawj coj tau xa mus rau tus neeg saib cov kev xav, kev xav thiab lub siab xav ntawm kev tsim khoom nrog kev pab los ntawm ib txwm du, meej, maj mam txav uas hloov kev hais lus. Classical seev cev tau tsim nrog kev pab los ntawm cov neeg paub zoo uas qhia txog lub siab ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub ballet, tus txheej txheem ntawm kev xa cov kev xav yog txiav txim los ntawm tus tsim tsim ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws feem ntau yog 90% kev kawm, nrog cov neeg seev cev qiv cov ntsiab lus los ntawm lwm cov qauv.

Daim ntawv classical ntawm ballet tau dhau los ua niaj hnub niaj hnub no, qhov no tuaj yeem pom txawm tias hauv cov khaub ncaws ntawm ballerinas: cov tutus ib txwm raug hloov los ntawm cov khaub ncaws yooj yim. Tau kawg,qhov no tsis siv rau classical productions.

Keeb Kwm

Lub npe "ballet" yog txhais los ntawm Latin ntawm lo lus "Kuv seev cev". Qhov chaw yug ntawm daim duab no yog Ltalis nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th, nto moo rau nws thawj zaug seev cev scenes. Ib me ntsis tom qab, Fabkis tau koom nrog lub tsev hais plaub ballet, txawm hais tias piv rau niaj hnub kos duab, cov no yog kev sim siab. Thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th tau cim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ris tsho hnav ris tsho rau luv luv thiab ntau airy sawv daws yuav, thiab cov tsos ntawm thawj cov khau rau ballerinas - pointe khau. Lub sijhawm no yog lub sijhawm pib ntawm lub paj ntawm kev kos duab ballet, tus cwj pwm los ntawm:

• tshwm sim ntawm nws thawj tus neeg saib xyuas uas tsis tu ncua tuaj koom ua yeeb yam;
• sau los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv nto moo (Beethoven, Delibes, Minkus) ntawm cov suab paj nruag romantic rau kev ua yeeb yam ballet;
• qhov tshwm sim ntawm thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam.

qhov tshwm sim ntawm ballet hauv Russia

Thawj zaug qhov kev seev cev no tau paub hauv tebchaws Russia thaum lub sijhawm kav ntawm Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich hauv xyoo 1673 tom qab qhov kev ua yeeb yam thawj zaug ntawm thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam. Lavxias teb sab ballet tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm tus Fabkis ballet master-choreographer Charles-Louis Didelot, uas txuas kev seev cev nrog pantomime thiab ua solo poj niam qhov chaw. Marius Petipa tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho classical Lavxias teb sab ballet hauv xyoo pua 19th. Mikhail Fokin tau dhau los ua tus kws ntaus pob ncaws pob hauv tsev zoo nkauj, radically hloov kho kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm kev hloov cov qauv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam thiab seev cev.

Lub kiv puag ncig tiag tiag hauv ntiaj teb ntawm kev ntaus suab paj nruag yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kws sau nkaujP. I. Tchaikovsky, uas ua ke nyob rau hauv nws nruam symphonic txoj kev loj hlob nrog sib sib zog nqus cov ntsiab lus thiab ua yeeb yam qhia. Nyob rau hauv "Swan Lake", "Sleeping Beauty" thiab "Lub Nutcracker" tsim los ntawm nws, suab paj nruag tau txais lub peev xwm los nthuav qhia lub sab hauv ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thiab embody lub cim ntawm cov cim.

Modern domestic ballet

Ib qho ntawm cov pab pawg tseem ceeb niaj hnub no yog "Classical Russian Ballet" ntawm Moscow, tsim nyob rau xyoo 2004. Cov tub ntxhais hluas seev cev pab pawg no tau tsim rau xya xyoo, thaum lub sijhawm nws tau pom zoo nws tus kheej los ntawm kev pom zoo. Nws coj los ua ke cov neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov tsev kawm ntawv ballet (Moscow Academy of Choreography, A. Ya. Vaganova Academy ntawm Lavxias teb sab Ballet), cov tub ntxhais hluas txawj ntse thiab paub tab paub ua las voos masters. Kev coj ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua yeeb yam nyob ntawm lub xub pwg nyom ntawm ib tus thawj coj soloists Hasan Usmanov.

thaj chaw ntawm Moscow classical ballet kev ua yeeb yam tsis txwv rau theem Moscow, lawv qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau pom los ntawm ntau lub nroog hauv Russia thiab cov tebchaws nyob ze thiab deb txawv teb chaws (Finland, Nyiv, Spain, Israel, Austria, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Greece).

Coob repertoire

Daim ntawv teev cov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov pab pawg Moscow feem ntau yog cov haujlwm zoo ntawm cov nyiaj kub ntawm Lavxias teb sab ballet. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lub ua yeeb yam repertoire yuav ua tsis tau yam tsis muaj tus masterpieces ntawm P. I. Tchaikovsky: "Swan Lake", "Sleeping Beauty", "Lub Nutcracker". Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pab pawg muaj ballets xws li Cinderella, Giselle, Carmen, Romeo thiab Juliet thiablwm tus.

Classical ballet "Tus Nutcracker"

Kuv xav ua tib zoo mloog rau zaj dab neeg tshwj xeeb ntawm kev hlub nyob mus ib txhis, uas tsis tshua muaj neeg nyiam nyob hauv Russia thiab hauv cov teb chaws Europe thaum lub caij so Xyoo Tshiab. Tom qab tag nrho, cov huab cua ntawm tej yam yees siv enchanting suab paj nruag ntawm Tchaikovsky, ua ke nrog cov daus, ib tsob ntoo Christmas thiab Christmas khawv koob, tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg laus loj tshaj plaws zoo li menyuam yaus txawm tias ib pliag. Ib qho ntawm qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm qhov kev ua yeeb yam no - W altz ntawm Snowflakes (staged los ntawm Lev Ivanov) - yog lub hlaws ntawm kos duab, vim hais tias Tchaikovsky cov suab paj nruag kab lus tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txhua yam thiab daim duab.

State Academic Theatre of Classical Ballet

Tseeb tiag, "dinosaur" ntawm Lavxias teb sab ballet art yog pab pawg loj no coj los ntawm Natalia Kasatkina thiab Vladimir Vasilev. Nws tau hlub los ntawm cov neeg saib los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws thiab ntau tiam neeg. Yuav luag tsib caug xyoo, cov kws ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws tau tsim ib qho kev nthuav repertoire, suav nrog cov thawj versions ntawm lub npe nrov "cov me nyuam" ntawm classical ballet. Lawv ua tib zoo rov tsim kho keeb kwm, raws li cov thawj coj ntawm cov kws kos duab lawv tus kheej, tuaj yeem ua kom haum cov suab paj nruag classical thiab niaj hnub ntawm ib theem ballet.

Pab neeg ua yeeb yam muaj cov kws ua yeeb yam zoo, saib xyuas los ntawm cov kws qhia zoo-cov kws qhia, yav dhau los - tus thawj coj ntawm Bolshoi Theatre. Los ntawm nws cov phab ntsa tuaj cov kws ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam ntawm ntau tiam neeg, uas tom qab ntawd tau txais khoom plig thoob ntiaj teb thiab yeej hauv ntau lub npe nrov ballet seev cev.kev sib tw, nrov nrov tshaj tawm nws tus kheej tsis yog nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no theem.

Manual

Nws tsis yog rau tsis muaj dab tsi uas pawg no feem ntau hu ua classical ballet ntawm Kasatkina thiab Vasilev. Cov no tsis yog cov npe ntawm ob tus neeg ua yeeb yam - yav dhau los kawm tiav ntawm Moscow Choreographic Tsev Kawm Ntawv thiab cov thawj coj soloists ntawm Bolshoi Theatre rau 20 xyoo. Cov no yog cov npe choreographers uas tau coj lub State Academic Ballet Theatre rau yuav luag ib nrab xyoo.

Nyob rau hauv ballet art lawv yog thawj zaug hauv ntau txoj hauv kev:

• hauv kev ua yeeb yam rau avant-garde music;
• nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm Lavxias teb sab theem ntawm ib nrab txwv tsis pub neeg sau Stravinsky qhov chaw ntaus pob ntaus pob The Rite of Spring;
• hauv kev tsim thawj thiab sim ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam;
• hauv kev koom tes nrog tus naas ej txawv teb chaws choreographer P. Lacotte, uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho cov qub kev ua yeeb yam, rau kev txhawb siab ntawm ballet "Natalie, los yog Swiss Milkmaid" (tsim los ntawm A. Girovets);
• hauv kev sim nrog cov suab paj nruag thiab suab paj nruag thiab suab paj nruag, uas ua rau tus kws sau nkauj A. Petrov lub suab thiab suab paj nruag symphony "Pushkin. Xav txog tus kws sau paj huam."

Tus ntaus pob ncaws pob classic ntawm Kasatkina thiab Vasilev yog kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab cov qauv niaj hnub. Qhov no siv rau ob qho tib si repertoire thiab cov lus choreographic ntawm lawv cov yeeb yam. Cov choreographers no tau ua ntau yam kev ua yeeb yam: Giselle, Don Quixote thiab tag nrho peb lub ballets los ntawm P. I. Tchaikovsky. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev sivclassics ib txwm muaj nws tus kheej sau lub zeem muag, uas ib tus neeg saib nyiam ntau dua, lwm qhov tsawg dua. Tab sis kev txhais lus muaj tswv yim ntawm cov khoom, tau kawg, yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kos duab.

Star Factory

Los ntawm theem ntawm kev ua yeeb yam classical ballet tuaj ntau tus kws ua yeeb yam uas tom qab tau los ua tus neeg qhuas thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov neeg muaj koob meej hauv ntiaj teb. Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Kasatkina thiab Vasilev coj 19 qhov khoom plig kub los ntawm ntau qhov kev sib tw thiab ntau dua - nyiaj thiab tooj liab. Nws nyob ntawm no tias lub hnub qub ntawm I. Mukhamedov, V. Malakhov, G. Stepanenko, S. Isaev, A. Gorbatsevich, T. Paliy thiab ntau lwm tus tau taws. Tag nrho cov no ua pov thawj rau kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ua yeeb yam thiab cov kev txawj ntse ntawm nws cov thawj coj.

Kev Sib Koom Tes

Hnub no lub theatre repertoire suav nrog 18 kev ua yeeb yam ballet, suav nrog ob qho kev ua yeeb yam nto moo thiab niaj hnub tsim khoom. Yog li, tus neeg ntaus pob "Tsim ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb" qhia cov dab neeg hauv phau Vajlugkub ntawm Adas thiab Evas, raws li cov duab kos los ntawm Jean Effel. Composer Andrey Petrov ua ke cov ntsiab cai ntawm cov suab paj nruag loj nrog lub suab paj nruag, suav nrog jazz thiab symphonic jazz. Rau 30 xyoo ntawm kev muaj sia nyob ntawm qhov kev ua yeeb yam ballet, nws yeej ib txwm tau nrog lub tsev tag nrho thiab kev tshuaj xyuas rave los ntawm xovxwm.

Tsim nyog tau txais cov lus tshwj xeeb thiab zaj lus piv txwv "Wonderful Mandarin", thawj zaug pom nyob rau theem ntawm Classical Ballet Theatre hauv xyoo 1996. Nws yog raws li lub pantomime ntawm tib lub npe los ntawm Hungarian composer B. Bartok, uas muaj ib tug nyuaj txoj hmoo. Thaum lub neej ntawm tus sau, tus ballet ntawm nwslub teb chaws tsis tau ua tiav, thiab kev sim ua los ntawm Bolshoi Theatre thaum lub sij hawm tsim L. Lavrovsky (1961) tau muaj kev puas tsuaj.

Kasatkina thiab Vassilev tau nthuav tawm Lub Zoo Mandarin hauv Russia thawj zaug, siv cov suab paj nruag ballet tag nrho, thiab tsis yog B. Bartok's suite, ib yam li tau ua ua ntej. Qhov xwm txheej no yog khoom plig tiag tiag rau cov kiv cua ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Hungarian.

Nyob rau hauv cov cuab tam ntawm classical ballet theatre, txhua yam kev ua yeeb yam tsim nyog rau kev mloog thiab qhuas, tsis tas yuav hu nkauj rau lawv. Zoo dua tuaj pom ib zaug, kom koj rov qab los dua.