Aristotle, "Poetics": kev tsom xam luv luv

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ib tus nto moo tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws philosophers thiab cov neeg xav txog ntawm Ancient Greece yog Aristotle. "Poetics" yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, tab sis tsis txhais tau tias tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm nws. Cov keeb kwm ntawm Aristotle yog qhov loj heev, thiab nws lub neej yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej.

Biography

Feem coob ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm, tau hnov lub npe ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv Greek thaum ub nto moo, yuav muab ob qhov tseeb: nws yog ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Socrates thiab, ntawm chav kawm, qhia Alexander lub Great. Dab tsi ntxiv yog Aristotle nto moo rau? "Poetics", tau kawg, yog qhov uas tau khaws nws lub npe rau ntau pua xyoo, tab sis qhov no tsis yog tib qho uas tuaj yeem hais txog tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg xav. Nws paub tias nws yug hauv Stagira ntawm 384 thiab 383 BC. Aristotle tau siv sijhawm nees nkaum xyoo kawm ntawm qhov kev kawm zoo ntawm Plato. Cov kws tshawb fawb sib cav tias, feem ntau, nws tus kheej tau qhia nyob rau qee lub sijhawm. Tom qab kawm tiav, tus philosopher los ua tus cob qhia rau yav tom ntej Emperor Alexander. Tej zaum nws tau txais txoj haujlwm no ua tsaug rau Hermias, tus phooj ywg ntawm Macedonian huab tais Philip II. Nws yog Alexander txiv. Tom qab kev vam meej ntawm tus tub hluas hero mus rau lub zwm txwv, Aristotle rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws, thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd.tau tsiv mus rau Athens. Nyob ntawd nws pom nws lub tsev kawm ntawv - "Likey". Lub sij hawm no nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm ib tug philosopher yog suav hais tias yog lub feem ntau fruitful. Muaj ntau qhov kev sib tham, "Metaphysics", "Ethics", "Politics" - tag nrho cov no tau tsim los ntawm Aristotle. Poetics yuav tsum tau sau los ntawm nws ib ncig ntawm lub sijhawm. Tom qab 323 BC. Alexander tuag, txoj hauj lwm ntawm philosopher nyob rau hauv lub zej zog deteriorated ho. Nyob rau hauv 322 BC. tuag lawm.

Creativity

Ntau tus neeg muaj kev sib koom siab hauv lawv lub siab: Aristotle - "Poetics". Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog tus sau ntau yam haujlwm. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: cov haujlwm exoteric, tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev sib tham thiab tej zaum yog rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov pej xeem, thiab ua hauj lwm sau los ntawm nws tsuas yog rau lub voj voog nqaim ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm.

"Poetics": hom phiaj, hom phiaj, ntsiab lus

Aristotle's "Poetics" luv luv sau tag nrho cov kev sau ntawv theories ntawm lub sijhawm thiab tsim kom muaj ntau cov qauv zoo nkauj. Nws yog ib tug treatise nkaus rau kev ua yeeb yam. Muaj yog vim li cas ntseeg hais tias nws Ameslikas muaj ob feem, tab sis thawj tsis tau khaws cia. Tam sim no, feem ntau txoj kev xav yog tias nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm cov ntawv sau, cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tau ua tiav. Thaum pib ntawm txoj haujlwm, Aristotle muab nws txhais lus ntawm lo lus "poetics". Ib qho kev kos duab, nws sib cav, yog nyob ntawm mimesis, uas yog, ntawm qhov kev coj ua ntawm xwm. Txhua hom paj huam, raws li Aristotle, txawv ntawm ib leeg nyob rau hauv peb txoj kev:

1. Lawv yug dua tshiabntau yam khoom.

2. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm ntau txoj kev.

3. Raws li txoj kev sib txawv playback yog siv.

Piv txwv li, auletics thiab cypharistics cia siab rau kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev sib dhos, thaum hais lus muaj tswv yim siv feem ntau prose thiab ntsuas. Cov hom paj huam kuj tuaj yeem txawv nyob ntawm hom kev coj ua: epic yog lub hom phiaj piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ua ntej, cov nkauj yog raws li qhov kev xav ntawm tus neeg piav qhia, ua yeeb yam qhia txog cov xwm txheej hauv kev muaj zog.

Tom ntej no, tus kws tshawb fawb muab nws cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua yeeb yam thiab xwm txheej. Thawj yog ib txoj hauj lwm uas ua rau kev lom zem ntawm tib neeg kev tsis txaus. Qhov thib ob yog ib qho kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb uas tau tshwm sim yav dhau los. Raws li Aristotle, kev xwm txheej tshwm sim los ntawm improvisation. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm "decorated hais lus", muaj rau 6 yam: zajlus, kev xav, theem teeb, cim ntawm cov ntawv nyeem thiab suab paj nruag muaj pes tsawg leeg. Xws li cov ntsiab lus dav siv niaj hnub no xws li "ups thiab downs", "catharsis", "kev puas tsuaj", "paub txog", yog thawj zaug los ntawm Aristotle. "Poetics", "Rhetoric" thiab nws lwm yam hauj lwm tau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev xav niaj hnub no.