2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Tus Sau Fedin Konstantin Alexandrovich yug hauv Saratov xyoo 1892. Nws kuj yog ib tug neeg sau xov xwm, tus neeg sau xov xwm tshwj xeeb. Nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Writers 'Union ua thawj tus tuav ntaub ntawv, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj. Nws raug xaiv los ua tus tswv cuab ntawm USSR Academy of Sciences thiab tau txais lub npe ntawm Hero of Socialist Labor. Cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv txog keeb kwm ntawm Konstantin Fedin muaj nyob hauv qab no.
Konstantin Fedin, uas nws cov duab tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, loj hlob hauv tsev neeg ntawm tus tswv ntawm lub khw muag khoom sau ntawv. Tus kws sau ntawv txoj kev nyiam nws thaum yau. Tsis xav ua tub lag luam (uas nws txiv hais rau), nws khiav tawm hauv tsev ob zaug. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1911 nws tau los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm ib tug ua lag luam lub koom haum nyob rau hauv Moscow.
Hauv xyoo 1913 Fedin cov dab neeg hais lus thuam tau luam tawm thawj zaug. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo peb, nws tawm mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees, qhov chaw nws kawm German. Kom khwv tau nyiaj, nws ua si violin. Nyob ntawd nws nrhiav tau tsov rog. Txog xyoo 1918, Konstantin nyob hauv lub tebchaws Yelemes, ua neeg raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj, ua yeeb yam ntawm theem.
Rov
Lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1918 nws rov qab los rau Moscow, qhov chaw nws tau ua haujlwm hauv Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm. Nyob rau hauv 1919, nws yog tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm lub nroog executive committee nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Syzran, editor ntawm lub Otkliki magazine thiab Syzran Kommunar ntawv xov xwm. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm tib lub xyoo, Konstantin Fedin raug xa mus rau Petrograd, mus rau lub nom tswv department ntawm lub cavalry Division. Nws tau koom nrog RCP (b) thiab tau luam tawm hauv Petrogradskaya Pravda. Xyoo 1921, thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws tau los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Serapion Brothers zej zog, thiab tom qab ntawd los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas ntawm Phau Ntawv Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Tawm.
Xyoo no, Fedin tawm ntawm tog, txhawb cov kauj ruam no los ntawm kev xav tau mob siab rau nws tus kheej rau kev sau ntawv. Los ntawm 1921 mus rau 1929, nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau yam editorial chaw ua hauj lwm thiab publishing tsev ua tus tuav ntaub ntawv, tus tuav ntaub ntawv tuav tswj, tus tswv cuab thiab tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj. Nws kuj tau sau cov dab neeg luv luv thiab cov dab neeg tshiab. Rau zaj dab neeg "Lub Vaj" hauv Petrograd, nws tau txais txiaj ntsig thawj zaug raws li ib feem ntawm "Lub Tsev Sau Ntawv" kev sib tw.
Zoo nkauj tshiab
Lub sijhawm no, nws tau sau ob qho ntawm nws qhov kev qhuas zoo tshaj plaws. Cov no suav nrog "Lub Nroog thiab Xyoo", thiab "Cov Kwv Tij". Thawj ntawm lawv qhia txog tus kws sau ntawv qhov kev xav ntawm lub neej hauv tebchaws Yelemes thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1 thiab cov kev paub uas nws tau txais hauv kev ua neej nyob. Qhov thib ob tshiab qhia txog Russia thaum lub xyoo ntawm lub kiv puag ncig.
Ob txoj haujlwm qhia txog txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse hauv kev hloov pauv. Lawv tau txais kev txaus siab los ntawm cov neeg nyeem ob hauv Russia thiab txawv teb chaws. Lawv tau muab txhais ua Polish, German, Fabkis, Czech, Spanish.
mob thiab rov zoo
In 1931Konstantin Fedin poob mob rau tus kab mob hnyav thiab mus txog rau lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1932 tau kho hauv Switzerland thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees. Txog rau xyoo 1937 nws nyob hauv Leningrad, tom qab ntawd nws tsiv mus rau Moscow. Xyoo 1935, nws cov ntawv tshiab The Abduction of Europe tau luam tawm. Nws yog thawj qhov kev nom kev tswv tshiab hauv Soviet cov ntaub ntawv.
Nws tau ua raws li xyoo 1940 los ntawm "Sanatorium Arcturus", raws li kev xav ntawm kev nyob hauv lub tsev kho mob tuberculosis hauv Davos. Cov ntawv tshiab no qhia txog kev rov qab los ntawm tus phab ej, uas yog ib qho kev kawm ntawm Soviet. Nws yuav siv qhov chaw tawm tsam qhov teeb meem ntawm Western economic ntsoog thiab los ntawm Nazis los rau lub hwj chim, uas, raws li tus sau lub hom phiaj, yuav tsum symbolize qhov zoo ntawm lub Soviet system.
Cov haujlwm tom ntej
Txij thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1941 txog thaum pib xyoo 1943, Konstantin Fedin nyob nrog nws tsev neeg nyob hauv lub nroog Chistopol hauv kev khiav tawm. Xyoo 1945-46. Nws yog tus neeg sau xov xwm tshwj xeeb rau Izvestia ntawm Nuremberg Kev Sib Tw.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog xyoo, nws tau sau cov ntawv sau uas muaj cov kev xav tau txais ntawm kev mus ncig rau thaj tsam pem hauv ntej uas tau dim los ntawm German txoj haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd nws sau ib phau ntawv memoirs hu ua "iab ntawm peb." Nws tau mob siab rau kev sau ntawv lub neej hauv Petrograd xyoo 1920, rau lub koom haum sau ntawv "Serapion Brothers". Raws li lub luag haujlwm uas Maxim Gorky muaj lub sijhawm los ua txoj hmoo ntawm qee tus kws sau ntawv hluas.
Txoj haujlwm no tau rov ua dua los ntawm kev thuam hnyav tshaj plaws. Tus kws sau ntawv raug foob nrog cov duab distorted ntawm daim duab ntawm A. M. Gorky. Phau ntawv tau luam tawm yam tsis muaj cov ntawv luv tsuas yog xyoo 1967
xyoo tshiab
In 1947-1955. Konstantin Fedin tau coj cov lus hais nyob rau hauv Moscow ceg ntawm Writers' Union. Thiab los ntawm 1955 txog 1959 nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj. Xyoo 1959-71. nws twb yog thawj tus tuav ntaub ntawv, thiab xyoo 1971-77. - Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Pawg Neeg Sau Ntawv ntawm USSR. Xyoo 1958, nws tau raug xaiv los ua tus kws tshaj lij rau USSR Academy of Sciences hauv Department of Language thiab Literature.
Thawj tus poj niam ntawm Konstantin Alexandrovich yog Fedina Dora Sergeevna, nws lub neej xyoo 1895-1953. Nws ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev luam ntawv ntiag tug Grzhebin ua tus ntaus ntawv. Hauv kev sib yuav no, ib tug ntxhais, Nina, yug los, uas tau los ua tus ua yeeb yam.
Mikhailova Olga Viktorovna (1905-1992) - uas yog lub npe thib ob, pej xeem tus poj niam ntawm tus kws sau ntawv.
Fedin Konstantin Alexandrovich tuag xyoo 1977. Nws raug faus rau ntawm lub toj ntxas Novodevichy hauv Moscow.
Post-Soviet thuam
Hauv xyoo dhau los ua Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, Fedin tau qhia txog txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb rau pej xeem. Ntau zaus nws ua tus tiv thaiv tus kws sau ntawv txoj cai kom muaj kev ywj pheej hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Nws kuj tiv thaiv cov kab lig kev cai uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv zoo Lavxias teb sab.
Tab sis nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog, raws li cov ntawv siab uas nws nyob, nws siv txoj haujlwm nruab nrab ntxiv txog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas tshwm sim hauv kev sau ntawv lub neej ntawm USSR. Nws pib pom zoo tag nrho cov kab ntawm tog thiab tsoom fwv
Fedin tsis tiv thaiv Pasternak, uas nws tau ua phooj ywg tau nees nkaum xyoo ua ntej kev tsim txom tom kawg. Nws tsis tuaj ntawm lub ntees tuag ntawm Boris Leonidovich, uastau piav qhia los ntawm tus mob hnyav ntawm "lub taub hau ntawm Soviet cov ntaub ntawv."
Thiab kuj Konstantin Alexandrovich yog tus neeg tawm tsam ntawm kev tshaj tawm tshiab "Cancer Ward" los ntawm Solzhenitsyn. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yav dhau los tau pom zoo luam tawm Ib Hnub hauv Lub Neej Ivan Denisovich hauv Novy Mir magazine. Nws kuj tau kos npe rau ib tsab ntawv hais txog Sakharov thiab Solzhenitsyn, sau nyob rau hauv 1973 thiab xa mus rau lub Pravda ntawv xov xwm.
Pom zoo:
Emir Kusturica - tus thawj coj ua yeeb yaj kiab, tus kws sau nkauj, tus kws sau ntawv. Biography, muaj tswv yim
Emir Kusturica yog ib qho ntawm ob peb tus neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab ywj pheej tam sim no uas sib npaug ntawm verge ntawm lub ntsiab thiab hauv av. Nws paintings txaus siab rau cov neeg thuam thiab cov neeg tuaj saib
"Tus kws sau paj huam tuag" Lermontov nqe lus "Tus kws sau paj huam tuag". Lermontov muab rau leej twg "Kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj huam"?
Thaum xyoo 1837, tau kawm txog kev tuag ntawm kev tuag, lub qhov txhab tuag, thiab tom qab ntawd kev tuag ntawm Pushkin, Lermontov tau sau cov kev quaj ntsuag "Tus kws sau paj huam tuag …", nws nws tus kheej twb muaj npe nrov hauv kev sau ntawv. Muaj tswv yim biography Mikhail Yurievich pib thaum ntxov, nws cov paj huam romantic hnub rov qab mus rau 1828-1829
Tus kws sau ntawv, tus kws sau ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab tus kws sau ntawv Eduard Volodarsky: biography, muaj tswv yim
Eduard Volodarsky yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshaj lij ntawm kev lag luam yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsev. Stanislav Govorukhin, Alexei German thiab Nikita Mikhalkov, ua ke nrog Volodarsky, nthuav cov neeg tuaj saib nrog ntau tshaj ib tug masterpiece
Alexander Dolsky - tus kws sau nkauj-tus kws sau nkauj, kws sau paj huam thiab kws ntaus suab paj nruag
Dolsky Alexander Alexandrovich - kws sau paj lug, bard, singer-songwriter, tswv cuab ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Lavxias teb sab playwrights, Honored Artist ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Masterfully plays lub guitar
Andrey Usachev - tus menyuam tus kws sau ntawv, kws sau paj huam thiab tus kws sau ntawv
Andrey Usachev yog menyuam yaus tus kws sau ntawv, kws sau paj huam thiab tus kws sau ntawv. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv lub voj voog thaum lub sij hawm nyuaj, thaum tag nrho cov paj huam zoo raug tsim thiab cov nkauj tau sau tag nrho. Lwm tus kws sau ntawv hauv nws qhov chaw yuav tau mus rau hauv qab ntawm cov ntawv nyeem ntev dhau los: los tsim kev thuam ntawm menyuam yaus cov ntawv nyeem lossis kev tshaj tawm. Thiab Andrey Usachev tau teem caij rau kev ua haujlwm hnyav