2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Ntau tus kws sau ntawv tsis nthuav tawm lawv cov nkauj yam tsis muaj kev faib ua tej pawg. Qee tus hais tias qhov no yog ua tiav txhawm rau txhawm rau nthuav tawm tag nrho lub tswv yim hauv txhua nqe lus, thaum lwm tus xav tau cov qauv ntawm kev yooj yim banal: lawv hais tias, nws yooj yim dua los ua haujlwm nrog cov lus sib dhos thiab kev sib dhos. Ntau tus kws sau ntawv tsis nyob ntawm tus lej ntawm cov kab hauv kab lus, lawv tsuas yog ntxig ntau npaum li lawv xav tias tsim nyog, qhov no tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau kev xaav ntawm zaj paj huam. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam, quatrain yog cov feem ntau hom strophic siv los ntawm ob classical sau ntawv thiab niaj hnub sau ntawv.
Quatrain yog dab tsi?
Koj tsis tuaj yeem hais tias ntau kab hauv "kab", cov paj huam zoo nkauj dua. Los ntawm tsis txhais tau tias: qee zaum muaj kev nkag siab ntau dua hauv kev sib txuas dua li hauv tag nrho cov ballads. Ib qho quatrain (tsis yog quatrain) yog ib daim ntawv ntawm stanza uas muab plaub kab hauv lub ntsiab lus thiab style. Rau nws, tsis muaj cov canons meej ntawm cov lus sib dhos thiab kev sib dhos - txhua yam ntawm no tseem nyob ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus sau. Qhov nkaus xwbKuv xav kom nco ntsoov tias raws li cov paj huam ywj pheej, quatrains tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj, feem ntau lawv yog cov khoom ntawm kev ua haujlwm loj dua.
Russia cov ntaub ntawv
Tab sis txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv classical luv luv quatrains tsis muaj kev hwm thiab nws tsis yooj yim kom pom lawv hauv cov sau los ntawm cov kws sau paj huam, nqe lus-quatrains tseem muaj. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis nco qab cov nkauj thaum ntxov ntawm Pushkin: nws cov madrigals thiab epigrams yog cov piv txwv zoo heev ntawm quatrains uas ua tiav hauv lub ntsiab lus. Daim ntawv no ntawm strophic muaj nyob rau hauv Akhmatova, Brodsky, thiab Pasternak; tej zaum, txhua tus kws sau paj huam muaj cov quatrains zoo nkauj uas tsis tuaj yeem sib koom.
Tab sis yog tias peb tham txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm quatrains hauv kev ua haujlwm loj, nws pom tseeb: lawv yog ib hom ntawm lub tsev thaiv uas ua rau tag nrho cov paj huam, ballad lossis paj huam yooj yim. Lub npe nrov "Sail" los ntawm M. Lermontov muaj peb kab hauv plaub kab, tib yam tuaj yeem hais txog zaj paj huam nto moo "Swallow" los ntawm A. Pleshcheev (nws pib nrog cov lus "Cov nyom ntsuab, lub hnub ci ntsa iab., tus nquab ya nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntaub nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau peb "). Lub quatrain yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thoob ntiaj teb feem ntau ntawm stanza, ua tiav ob qho tib si ntawm nws tus kheej thiab nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm kev sau ntawv.
Ntawm tus sau thoob ntiaj teb
Nws tsis yooj yim nrog ntiaj teb paj huam. Cov ntawv txhais lus Lavxias qee zaum nyob deb heev ntawm cov ntsiab lus: feem ntau tsuas yog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb yog khaws cia, thiab paj huam nws tus kheej tsuas yog rov sau dua (ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias Shakespeare's sonnets hauv Lavxias hauv kev txhais lus. Marshak qee zaum suab zoo dua li kev tsim ntawm Askiv playwright lawv tus kheej). Nws yog qhov tseeb vim qhov no nws nyuaj rau tham txog kev khaws cia ntawm cov lus hauv kev txhais lus.
Tab sis tsis yog txhua yam ploj ntawm no thiab. Paj huam-quatrains yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus ntawm Omar Khayyam, tus kws tshawb fawb Persian thiab kws sau paj huam uas tau hais tawm hauv kev sib raug zoo. Nws cov ntawv sau tsis yog tsis muaj kev txawj ntse, uas yog vim li cas lawv feem ntau suav tias yog aphorisms.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis nco txog lwm tus kws tshaj lij hauv ntiaj teb - Michel Nostradamus. Nws phau ntawv "Centuries" muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm quatrains, uas nyob rau hauv ib tug allegorical daim ntawv qhia txog cov xwm txheej ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej. Tej zaum cov ntawv sau tseg ntawm tus yaj saub cov nqe lus tsuas yog hloov kho rau cov xwm txheej tiag tiag, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis lees paub tias ntau qhov uas Nostradamus tau sau tiag tiag los muaj tseeb.
Quadrences today
Nyob rau hauv cov paj huam niaj hnub no, quatrains feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm comic poetic toasts. Congratulations-quatrains tuaj yeem nrhiav tau rau txhua hnub so, qhov tseem ceeb tsuas yog xaiv qhov tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm. Lawv yooj yim rau nco qab, thiab lawv saib zoo dua li cov lus yooj yim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau. Tab sis peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias qee zaum cov qauv qauv tsuas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus phab ej ntawm lub sijhawm - tam sim no daim ntawv thov kev zoo siab tau dhau los ua ntau yam thiab ntau cov quatrains tau tshwm sim tias lawv siv tau pib hla txhua thaj tsam. Nws zoo nkaus li tias tus neeg xa khoom tsuas yog cim nrog nws cov lus, ua kev zoo siab rau "kev ua yeeb yam", thiab tsis yog vim nws xav ua siab dawb.ua kom neeg zoo siab.
Thiab ib yam li thaum xaiv ib zaj paj huam, tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum hla txoj kab ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab kev hais lus phem - tsis muaj dab tsi zoo yuav los ntawm nws. Yuav kom nrhiav tau ib zaj paj huam zoo siab, koj kuj yuav tsum sim.
rau menyuam
Tab sis ua li cas txog cov ntsiab lus zoo li cov menyuam yaus quatrains? Tau kawg, nws tsis yooj yim rau cov menyuam yaus kom nco qab txog cov haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv classical uas nyuaj thiab nplua nuj nyob rau hauv epithets thiab cov lus piv txwv, uas yog vim li cas cov paj huam luv luv muaj nyob ua ib hom ntawv me me ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Thawj zaug lawv pom nyob rau hauv lullabies (feem ntau cov nkauj no muaj ob peb quatrains), ces quatrains tshwm nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv thiab riddles, ua raws li cov paj huam rau cov me nyuam. Cov neeg laus twg tsis tau sau tseg tias cov menyuam yaus hais cov khoom loj ntawm lawv cov dab neeg nyiam lossis cov paj huam luv luv txog cov ntawv los ntawm primers? Cov menyuam yaus quatrains yog tsim los txhawm rau txhim kho lub cim xeeb ntawm cov menyuam yaus, lawv dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev paub ntau cov qauv ntawm cov nkauj. Tsis tas li ntawd, feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov paj huam rau cov me nyuam muaj ib tug meej rhyme thiab atherosclerosis, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li yooj yim rau nco ntsoov lawv ntau dua li cov paj huam yooj yim.
Zoo kawg
Nws tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm ntau hom stanza, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, tsis muaj leej twg tsis lees paub tias cov kab luv luv, qhov nrawm dua. Lub quatrain yog ib daim ntawv universal ntawm lyrics, dawb do uas muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev ywj pheej quatrains thiab raws li ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv ua haujlwm nrog cov lus sib dhos thiabatherosclerosis yog yooj yim kom ntau li ntau tau (ib tus lej ntawm cov kab tso cai rau koj ua si nrog txhua hom kev sib dhos). Nws zoo li qhov yooj yim no tau dhau los ua qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov muaj koob npe ntawm quatrains.
Pom zoo:
Daim ntawv teev cov phau ntawv nthuav qhia rau menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Daim ntawv teev cov phau ntawv nthuav: fantasy, detectives thiab lwm yam
Zaj lus yuav muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog uas xav npaj lawv lub sijhawm so los ntawm kev nyeem cov duab kos duab. Cov npe ntawm cov phau ntawv nthuav dav suav nrog cov menyuam yaus cov dab neeg, cov dab neeg taug txuj kev nyuaj, cov dab neeg tshawb nrhiav, kev npau suav, qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav zoo siab txawm tias cov neeg nyeem zoo tshaj plaws
Muag Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Cov Qauv Suab Nkauj, Kev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij thiab Kev Muag Khoom
Ntau lub sijhawm dhau los, tib neeg tsis siv discs, cassettes lossis cov ntaub ntawv yas, nyiam mloog nkauj hauv Is Taws Nem. Thiab tsuas yog cov kiv cua nyiam tshaj plaws tau luam tawm ntawm lub cev tawm, vim tias txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kws kos duab thiab ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov khoom tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qeb duas ntawm cov khoom muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, cia mus
Phau ntawv loj tshaj hauv ntiaj teb. Phau ntawv nthuav tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Phau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb
Puas muaj peev xwm xav txog tib neeg yam tsis muaj phau ntawv, txawm hais tias nws tau nyob tsis muaj nws rau feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej? Tej zaum tsis yog, ib yam li nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog keeb kwm ntawm txhua yam uas muaj nyob yam tsis muaj kev paub zais cia hauv kev sau ntawv
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
Qhov txhais tes muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv poker: cov cai kev ua si, kev sib txuas ntawm daim npav zoo tshaj plaws, cov lus qhia ntawm cov neeg ua si thiab kev ua kom yuam kev
Poker muaj kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem suav tias yog daim npav nrov tshaj plaws. Nws dhau los ua qhov kev kawm ntawm ntau phau ntawv thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab. Kev zoo siab, nyiaj txiag, luxurious poj niam yog thawj lub koom haum uas tuaj rau hauv lub siab thaum koj hnov lo lus "poker". Muaj tseeb txhua leej txhua tus xav ua si tsawg kawg ib zaug, tab sis ua ntej koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov cai thiab kev ua kom yuam kev thiaj li paub tias poker tes twg yog qhov muaj zog tshaj
