Poet Janka Luchina: biography, muaj tswv yim

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Yanka Luchina yog ib tus kws sau paj huam ywj pheej feem ntau los ntawm Minsk. Koj puas xav kawm ntxiv txog tus neeg no thiab nws txoj haujlwm? Ces nyeem zaj no.

Biography ntawm Yanka Lucina

Tus kws sau paj huam yav tom ntej yug thaum Lub Xya Hli 6, 1851 (lub npe tiag tiag - Ivan Neslukhovsky). Janka belongs rau gentry (ib tug muaj cai stratum ntawm cov pejxeem) tsev neeg ntawm Luchivko-Neslukhovsky. Tsis tas li ntawd, Yankee txiv yog ib tug kws lij choj ua tau zoo. Nws yog vim li no tias yav tom ntej tus kws sau ntawv tau nyob hauv ib puag ncig zoo thiab zoo. Yanka kawm tiav los ntawm Minsk gymnasium thiab tau ntau xyoo kawm ntawm St. Petersburg University ntawm Kws qhia ntawv ntawm lej. Nyob rau hauv 1877, Yanka Luchina kawm tiav los ntawm SPGTI (St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology) thiab tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Tiflis ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub railway Rhiav. Yanka kuj tau mus xyuas Caucasus. Nws nyob ntawd nws tau ntsib tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias tsis muaj npe Maxim Gorky.

Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm xyoo 1870, Yanka tau tuag tes tuag taw vim muaj hmoo tsis zoo. Lucina tuaj yeem taug kev tsuas yog ua tsaug rau ob lub pas uas ua haujlwm rau nws los txhawb nqa. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias nws qhov mob hnyav, tus kws sau paj huam tseem coj txoj kev ua neej zoo. Yog li JankaLucina tsis tu ncua mus saib ua yeeb yam thiab qee zaum txawm mus yos hav zoov. Vim li no, ib txhia tau hais tias tus kws sau paj lug yog feigning nws mob. Tom qab tau txais kev raug mob, Janka txiav txim siab rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv Minsk, nws muaj peev xwm tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub technical bureau ntawm lub Libavo-Romenskaya railway. Janka Lucina tuag hauv 1897. Tus kws sau ntawv raug faus rau hauv Minsk, ntawm Kalvary tojntxas.

Yanka Luchina, "Rodnaya Starontsy"

Zaj paj huam hu ua "Cov Txwj Laug" yog Yankee's magnum opus tiag tiag. Nyob rau hauv nws, tus sau exposes lub inhumane mus ob peb vas ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws sau ntawv tsis poob kev cia siab, sib cav tias tsis ntev nws cov neeg yuav nyob "muaj hmoo - kev zoo siab." Feem ntau, paj huam yog imbued nrog ib tug patriotic thiab unbreaked ntsuj plig. Txoj hauj lwm no tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1892.

Ntawm lwm yam, ntau tus neeg tsim Belarusian hais txog Yankee zaj paj huam. Yog li, xyoo 1919 Yakhim Karski tau siv nqe lus "Nyob zoo cov neeg laus" ua ib qho epigraph rau nws txoj haujlwm hu ua "Belarusians". Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, Yazep Drazdovich tsim ib tug nraaj muaj pes tsawg leeg raws li Yanka paj huam.

Creativity

Luchina ua nws thawj zaug ua tus kws sau paj huam xyoo 1886. Nws yog ces hais tias nyob rau hauv thawj qhov teeb meem ntawm Minsk Listok ntawv xov xwm nws paj huam tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub npe "Tsis yog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub koob meej los yog xam." Cov haujlwm tau sau ua lus Lavxias. Hauv nws, tus sau tau qhia meej meej txog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm tshiab.

Tom qab nws thawj qhov kev tshaj tawm, Lucina tau pib ua haujlwm tseem ceeb heev. Janka pib tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv almanac hu ua "North-Western Calendar", ntau yam ntawv xov xwm Polish. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws sau paj huam Belarusian tuav kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse. Yog li, Yanka, sau cov dab neeg, koom tes nrog cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws ethnographer Pavel Shein. Tsis tas li ntawd, Luchina teb nrog ib tug playwright hu ua Mitrofan Dovnar-Zapolsky. Hauv nws cov ntawv, Yanka hu ua nws cov haujlwm "poetic undertakings".

Ua haujlwm hauv Belarusian

Thawj txoj haujlwm hauv Belarusian tau sau los ntawm Yanka Luchina hauv xyoo 1887. Nws yog ib zaj paj huam hu ua "Siv lub cev tuag ntawm Dabradzey Starytskaga Belarusian lus." Janka tau sau cov haujlwm no, tau txais kev qhuas los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Ukrainian troupe Mikhail Starytsky. Tom qab ntawd, tus kws sau paj lug pib nquag tsim hauv nws hom lus. Rau lub sijhawm luv luv, cov paj huam "Rau Dabradzey tus kws kos duab Manko", "Old keeper" thiab lwm yam tawm los ntawm tus sau tus cwj mem. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws sau ntawv Belarusian nrhiav tau ib hom ntawv tshiab. Yog li, cov paj huam "Viyaleta", "Palyaunichya watercolors los ntawm Paless", "Andrey", "Ganusya" tau yug los.

Feem ntau ntawm Yankee cov haujlwm tau mob siab rau qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej neeg ua liaj ua teb. Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, tus kws sau paj huam Belarusian feem ntau ua ke ob qho kev sau ntawv nrov ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd: realism thiab romanticism. Ntxiv mus, Janka tuaj yeem raug suav hais tias yog tus tsim kho tshiab. Nws cov paj huam yogib qho piv txwv thawj ntawm Belarusian philosophical lyrics.

Ntawm lwm yam, Janka Lucina tau koom nrog hauv kev txhais lus. Yog li, ua tsaug rau Janka, tus nyeem ntawv Belarusian tuaj yeem koom nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv xws li Vladislav Syrokomlya, Ivan Krylov, Adam Asynka thiab lwm tus.