Ilya Repin. Cov artist paintings raws li ib yam ntawm artistic chronicle ntawm lub era

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Qhov kev ua tiav siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab tiag tiag ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th yog txuam nrog cov npe ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias teb sab, cov uas Ilya Repin nyob hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Cov paintings thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm tus tswv no yog tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no, thiab lub gallery ntawm dluab yog heev ntau haiv neeg.

keeb kwm me ntsis

Lub hnub qub ntawm kev ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj hauv tebchaws Russia tau poob rau lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm xyoo pua 19th. Txoj kev ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob feem ntau coincided nrog lub zog nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Visual arts tsis nyob deb ntawm cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam rau pej xeem kev nco qab. Qhov no yog lub sij hawm ntawm kev tsim ntawm tam sim no, uas yog raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev xav ntawm realism. Nws tswj kom kov yeej cov nom kev taw qhia, uas tau ua raws li kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Academy of Arts. Cov ntsiab lus mythological thiab biblical tau raug coj los ua ntej rau cov kws ua yeeb yam ua haujlwm, raug lees paub los ntawm lub tswv yim tias kos duab siab dua lub neej.

Xyoo 1863, qee cov kawm tiav ntawm Academy tsis kam tsim cov duab kos duab. Cov tub ntxhais kawm tau muab cov ncauj lus qhia txog cov teeb meem ntawm lub neej niaj hnub no, thiab raug tsis lees paub. Hauv kev tawm tsam, lawv tau tawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yam tsis tau kawm tiav, thiabtsim nrog I. Kramskoy "Petersburg Artel ntawm Artists". Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv 1870, ib lub koom haum ntawm lub Wanderers tau tsim, uas tau npaj art exhibitions nyob rau hauv txawv nroog. Ib tug ntawm cov brightest cov duab ntawm lub Wanderers yog Repin Ilya Efimovich. Tus kws kos duab paintings yog cov pinnacles ntawm Wandering art. Lawv xav txog txhua yam kev nyuaj ntawm lub neej thiab cov kev hloov pauv uas cuam tshuam rau txhua qhov ntawm lub neej, uas tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv kev kos duab.

Tus kws sau ntawv zoo, tus kws kos duab xim thiab tus neeg pleev kob duab, tus tswv ntawm hom thiab keeb kwm paintings, Repin I. Ye. tshuav ib txoj kev muaj tswv yim nplua nuj.

kev cai dab qhuas painting

Ntawm nws lub hnub yug rau xyoo, Ilya Repin tau txais cov xim dej ua khoom plig thawj zaug thiab pib kos duab. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12 xyoos, ib tug tub txawj ntse tau raug xa mus kawm nrog cov neeg pleev kob hauv zos I. M. Bunakov hauv Chuguev (Kharkov xeev). Nws thawj txoj haujlwm loj yog ib daim qauv ntawm lub cim qhia txog St. Alexander Nevsky. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoos, Ilya, tsis yog tsis muaj laj thawj, tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau tus kws kos duab ywj pheej. Nws pib ua hauj lwm ua ke nrog cov artel ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse hauv zos thiab cov kws kos duab.

Painting pawg ntseeg, tus neeg txiav txim rau cov cim - qhov no yog li cas Ilya Repin pib nws txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim. Paintings, engravings, portraits, paub rau lawv zoo heev kev nkag siab ntawm lub neej, pib ntawm sab ntsuj plig, tiag tiag depiction ntawm xwm nrog tag nrho nws prejudices thiab elemental kev xav, yuav raug tsim tom qab. Thawj tej hauj lwm ntawm tus kws kos duab yog kev cai dab qhuas painting, lub ntsiab lus ntawm destined mus rau tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm I. E. Repin.

Thawj txoj haujlwm zoo uas coj koob meej rau tus tub muaj hnub nyoog kaum tsib xyoos yog lub cim "Crucifixion", pleev xim tom qab kos duab "Golgotha" los ntawm K. Steiben. Ilya Repin tau los ua tus tswv nto moo hauv cheeb tsam.

thawj xim dej ntawm tus kws kos duab tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no - "Saib ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov tub rog topography hauv Chuguev", hnub tim 1857.

Xyoo 1863, Ilya nkag mus rau Academy of Arts hauv St. Petersburg. Qhov kawg ua hauj lwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas artist, muab lub siab tshaj plaws puav pheej - ib tug kub puav pheej, yog lub painting "Kev Sawv Rov Los ntawm tus ntxhais ntawm Jairus."

Repin rov qab mus rau cov ntsiab lus kev cai dab qhuas, ua cov duab kos duab icon. Nyob rau hauv 1898, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav pom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas Tswv Yexus taug kev thiab qhia Vajtswv txoj lus, Ilya Efimovich mus rau lub Vaj Ntsuj Plig. Cov ntaub ntawv rau kev kos duab "Lub Temptation ntawm Tswv Yexus" tau sau ntawm no, "Nqa Hla" tau sau.

Dramaturg ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting

Txawm tias cov neeg ua yeeb yam niaj hnub qhuas cov txuj ci tsim cov duab ntau hom ntawv thiab nyiam "nyob" portraits.

Ib qho zoo tshaj plaws tshwm sim hauv Lavxias teb sab kev ua yeeb yam yog nws Barge Haulers ntawm Volga. Daim duab tau pleev xim tom qab taug kev raws Volga xyoo 1870. Nws ua rau muaj kev xav zoo tshaj plaws rau cov pej xeem. Nws tus kws sau ntawv lees paub nws tus kheej ua tus tswv ntawm ntau yam. Lub npe dhau los ua neeg paub - Ilya Repin. Paintings, piav qhia ntawm lawv yog nce nyob rau hauv periodicals. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntau cov ntawv hais txog "Barge Haulers ntawm Volga". Raws li tus kws kos duab V. V. Stasov, txoj hmoo phem ntawm tib neeg, tau nthuav tawm hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tsiaj nyaum ntawm lub nra,yeej tsis tau tshwm sim ntawm daim ntaub nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txaus ntshai pawg, nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug tho chord.

Qhov khoom plig siab tshaj plaws tau txais ntawm Academy of Arts tau muab Repin txoj cai mus rau Fabkis. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1873, nws taug kev hla Austria thiab Ltalis. Nyob rau hauv kev sib tham nrog cov phooj ywg Stasov, Tretyakov, Kramskoy qhia nws qhuas rau paintings Titian, Veronese, Michelangelo, nws mob siab rau rau portraits ntawm Rembrandt, Velasquez. Nyob rau hauv Paris, nws pleev xim rau paintings, uas nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm uas yog "Paris Cafe", "Sadko", "Negress".

Lub sijhawm txij li lub sijhawm nws rov qab los rau nws lub tebchaws los ua qhov tseeb paj ntawm Repin lub tswv yim. Nws ntau daim duab ib hom ntawv nyeem thiab keeb kwm compositions, zoo kawg li portraits tshwm. Ilya Repin piav txog ntau yam xwm txheej ntawm lub neej, kev nplua nuj ntawm pej xeem hom thiab cov cim nrog lub zog zoo kawg. Nws paintings zoo li yuav embodied nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawm artistic chronicle ntawm lub sij hawm no. Qhov no yog kev txom nyem, embittered "Tus txiv neej nrog lub siab phem qhov muag" thiab "lub extract ntawm peb deacons" - "Protodeacon". Cov no yog cov seev cev zoo siab, tsis muaj kev txwv ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, cov pej xeem muaj txiaj ntsig hauv cov duab "Hnub Sab Hnub Tuaj", thiab kev sib raug zoo, kev sib sib zog nqus sib sib zog nqus tau piav qhia hauv cov lus piav qhia "Lub Procession nyob rau hauv lub xeev Kursk". Tus kws kos duab tswj kom tsim tau qhov kev txiav txim siab uas zoo li tshwm sim nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tus neeg saib.

Ilya Repin yog tus kws kos duab uas nws cov duab kos qhia txog qhov tob ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm lub neej. Yuav kom nkag siab txog lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub teb chaws tus cwj pwm, lub motives ntawm ntau yam keeb kwm kev sib tsoo, lub dag lub zog ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws kev paub, nws tig mus rau cov phiaj xwm los ntawmntawm yav dhau los. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas ua yeeb yaj kiab tau tsim txog kev nyob ntawm Ntxhais fuabtais Sofya Alekseevna hauv Novodevichy Convent, hais txog kev tua neeg ntawm Ivan qhov txaus ntshai los ntawm nws tus tub Ivan. Nws yog ib hom kev tawm tsam tawm tsam despotism. Ilya Efimovich Repin yog thawj tus kws kos duab los sawv cev rau cov neeg tawm suab nrov. Cov paintings "Lub ntes ntawm tus propagandist", "Nyob rau hauv escort", "Lawv tsis tos" thiab lwm tus neeg qhia ib tug meej kev khuv leej rau lawv heroes. Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm kev niaj hnub yog qhov txhais tau tias pib hauv Repin txoj haujlwm.

Portrait painting

Los ntawm 90s, Repin tsim tag nrho cov duab duab. Ntawm lawv muaj ntau cov duab ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb nto moo, kws sau ntawv, kws sau ntawv, kws kos duab. Ib hom kev ua tiav yog ua haujlwm "Lub Rooj Sib Tham Ceremonial ntawm Lub Xeev Council." Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus kws ua yeeb yam tau tswj hwm los piav txog ntau tus neeg tam sim no, ntau tus neeg tau txais tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub hlwb.

Hauv thaj teb ntawm cov duab duab, Ilya Repin ua tiav cov txuj ci zoo. Nws portraits ntawm V. A. Serov, I. S. Ostroukhov, Eleonora Duse thiab lwm yam yog txawv los ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj daim duab. Lub zog ntawm kev ntaus ntawv, pub dawb, kev sau dav dav ua rau cov duab kos duab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Repin txoj kev txawj.

xyoo kawg ntawm lub neej

Txawm tias thaum lub sijhawm nws lub neej, lub sijhawm ntawm kev lees paub rau pej xeem ntawm tus kws tshaj lij, ntau yam txuj ci, uas yog Ilya Repin, tau pib. Nws paintings tiag tiag depict ntau yam keeb kwm lub sij hawm ntawm Russia, muaj tag nrho cov zoo, lub zog, mob thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm Russia.

Lub xyoo kawg ntawm nws lub neej Repin nyob rau thaj chaw Finnish hauvKuokkale nyob rau hauv lub qub txeeg qub tes, nicknamed los ntawm nws "penates". Tom qab lub kaum hli ntuj kiv puag ncig, nws tsis kam caw, ua nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj ncees theem, kom rov qab mus rau lub teb chaws. Nws pub nws cov duab kos rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej, tsis poob kev sib cuag nrog nws cov phooj ywg thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm I. Brodsky, K. Chukovsky, tab sis tsis rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws.

Tus kws ua yeeb yam tau ua lub neej ntev thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, qhib txoj hauv kev rau kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ua siab zoo hauv nws cov masterpieces.