2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Thomas Hardy yog ib tus kws sau ntawv muaj txuj ci thiab nto moo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Askiv. Nws ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm Victorian lig. Cov npe ntawm cov phau ntawv los ntawm Thomas Hardy yog qhov loj, tus kws sau ntawv tau ua tiav nrog cov neeg nyeem niaj hnub no. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias Hardy suav tias yog nws tus kws sau paj huam, tab sis nws lub npe tau txais koob meej ua tsaug rau cov dab neeg zoo.
Tus sau phau ntawv keeb kwm
Thomas Hardy yug rau lub Rau Hli 2, 1840. Tus kws sau ntawv qhov chaw yug yog ib lub zos me, uas nyob ze Dorchester.
Cov txiv neej hauv Thomas Hardy tsev neeg yeej ib txwm ua tus tsim. Raws li ib tug me nyuam tub, tus kws sau ntawv tau coj los ntawm nws niam nyob hauv tsev. Thomas Hardy niam nyeem tau, tab sis nws sau tsis tau. Pom tias tus me nyuam muaj kev txawj ntse rau kev kawm, nws txiav txim siab tias tus tub yuav tsum tau kawm.
Kev Kawm
Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas Thomas raug xa mus rau Dochester mus kawm hauv tsev kawm parochial. Nyob rau ntawm Hardy lub tsev kawm ntawv, nws nyuaj heev rau kev sib ntsib thiab ua phooj ywg tshiab - tus tub hluas yog tus coj thiab nyob ntsiag to. Tom qab kawm ntawv, Tom ib txwm siv sijhawm ntau ntawmntau phau ntawv - leej niam hais kom tus tub hluas yuav tsum nyeem zoo heev.
Xyoo 1856, thaum Tom muaj 16 xyoo, nws kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv tiav. Tom qab ntawd Hardy tsis nres ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, yog li nws nkag mus rau kev cob qhia ntawm tus kws kos duab nto moo thiab txawj ntse John Hicks. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Tom Hardy tau nyiam qhia Greek. Hauv qhov no nws tau pab los ntawm nws tus neeg paub, tus kws tshawb fawb thiab kws sau paj huam hu ua William Barnes.
New life horizons
Rau tsib xyoos, Tom tau ua haujlwm hauv lub rooj cob qhia raws li kev coj ua ntawm tus kws tsim qauv paub txog. Xyoo 1862 tus tub hluas txiav txim siab tsiv mus rau London. Tsis ntev, tus kws sau ntawv tau nkag mus rau King's College London, qhov uas nws txuas ntxiv txhim kho hauv architecture. Nyob ntawd Hardy tau txais kev kawm puv ntoob thiab kawm paub yuav ua li cas kho cov tsev teev ntuj qub.
Kev kawm tus kheej thiab kev paub tshiab
Tsiv mus rau London, Hardy nyiam pleev xim, tsim nws tus kheej canvases. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws sau ntawv ywj pheej qhia Greek thiab Latin. Tus tub hluas ua haujlwm txhua hnub rau ob peb teev thaum sawv ntxov, tom qab ntawd nws mus ua haujlwm.
Nyob rau xyoo 1867, Tom Hardy tau rov qab los rau hauv nws lub tebchaws los pib txhim kho cov tsev teev ntuj qub. Tib lub sijhawm, nws ua tiav nws thawj phau ntawv tshiab. Thomas Hardy tau qhia nws thawj phau ntawv rau George Meredith, uas tau qhia rau tus kws sau ntawv tsis txhob sim tshaj tawm nws. Tom qab ntawd Tom tau poob siab thiab hlawv cov ntawv sau.
Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev muaj tswv yim
Txoj haujlwm thib ob ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, luam tawm tsis qhia npe xyoo 1871, yog txoj haujlwmLub siab ntshaw.
Nov yog lub sijhawm zoo rau tus kws sau ntawv. Ib xyoos ua ntej tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm, Hardy tau ntsib ib tug hluas nkauj uas sai sai no los ua nws thawj tus poj niam thiab kev txhawb nqa rau ntau xyoo nyuaj.
Txoj kev hlub tau ua ke tau kaum xyoo. Lub sijhawm no, Tom Hardy tau tswj hwm los ntawm hauv qab thiab dhau los ua tus kws sau ntawv tshaj lij.
Kev lees paub thiab koob meej tuaj rau Tom tom qab tshaj tawm nws cov ntawv tshiab thib tsib, muaj npe Far From the Maddding Crowd.
Rov mus rau teb chaws haiv neeg
Xyoo 1885, tus kws sau ntawv muaj nyiaj txaus rov qab los rau nws lub tebchaws. Muaj Tom ua ib lub tsev loj nrog nws cov nyiaj khaws cia rau nws tus kheej thiab nws tus poj niam. Ob niam txiv tsis muaj me nyuam, lawv nyob ib leeg.
Txij xyoo 1887, Thomas tau sau cov dab neeg luv luv. Hauv kev sau ntawv, lub npe ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau nto moo heev, thiab tag nrho cov ntawv xov xwm uas luam tawm Hardy txoj haujlwm tau them nyiaj zoo rau nws. Tsis ntev tag nrho cov dab neeg tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv peb phau ntawv sau, uas yog hu ua "Pab pawg ntawm Noble Ladies", "Wessex Tales" thiab "Little Ironies of Life".
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Xyoo 1912, Thomas Hardy raug kev txom nyem hnyav - nws tus poj niam uas nws hlub tuag vim mob plawv. Tom, uas twb muaj hnub nyoog lawm (tus sau ntawv yog 72 xyoo), tsis tau sau ib yam dab tsi ntev. Nws yog nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kev paub dhau los uas nws sau lwm phau ntawv los ntawm Thomas Hardy - "Tess of the d'Urbervilles." Ntxiv rau qhov tshiab tshiab no, "Jude the Obscure" kuj tau luam tawm. Cov hauj lwm no txawv heev ntawm nws yav dhau los.ua hauj lwm, uas tam sim ntawd ua rau muaj zog rau txim los ntawm ntau yam critics. Tom qab poob, tus kws sau ntawv pib tham txog tub rog, cov ntsiab lus nyob deb nroog.
Hardy tau rov xaiv tsa rau Nobel nqi zog. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tus kws sau ntawv tau tawm mus zoo heev los ntawm nws cov ntawv sau ib txwm, Hardy tseem muaj npe nrov heev. Hauv kev sau ntawv, tus sau tau raug hu ua tus txais txiaj ntsig ntawm Dickens. Xyoo 1910, Tom tau txais qhov Order of Merit.
Nyob rau xyoo 1913, cov ntawv sau kawg ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ci ntsa iab tau luam tawm. Nws hu ua "Tus Txiv Neej Hloov". Tom qab tso tawm ntawm qhov kawg sau, Hardy yuav ob zaug. Tom nyob nrog nws tus poj niam thib ob mus txog thaum nws tuag hauv 1928. Lub cev ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau muab faus rau hauv lub toj ntxas - hauv Poets 'Corner hauv Westminster Abbey. Hardy txoj hauj lwm belongs rau classics. Nws tej hauj lwm raug kawm thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev qhuab qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab.
Pom zoo:
"Tus kws sau paj huam tuag" Lermontov nqe lus "Tus kws sau paj huam tuag". Lermontov muab rau leej twg "Kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj huam"?
Thaum xyoo 1837, tau kawm txog kev tuag ntawm kev tuag, lub qhov txhab tuag, thiab tom qab ntawd kev tuag ntawm Pushkin, Lermontov tau sau cov kev quaj ntsuag "Tus kws sau paj huam tuag …", nws nws tus kheej twb muaj npe nrov hauv kev sau ntawv. Muaj tswv yim biography Mikhail Yurievich pib thaum ntxov, nws cov paj huam romantic hnub rov qab mus rau 1828-1829
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