Gamzat Tsadasa: biography ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Avar

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Lub zos me Dagestan ntawm Tsada tau muab lub ntiaj teb ob tus tswv ntawm lo lus ib zaug - Gamzat Tsadasu thiab Rasul Gamzatov. Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog Gamzat Tsadas, uas nws pseudonym yuav muab txhais ua Lavxias teb sab li "Fiery". Koj yuav tau paub txog cov keeb kwm ntawm Gamzat Tsadasa thiab nws txoj haujlwm!

Gamzat yug hauv 1877 hauv tsev neeg ntawm ib tug neeg ua liaj ua teb zoo tib yam Yusupil Magoma. Tus me nyuam ntsuag nos ntsuag thaum ntxov - nws tsuas muaj xya xyoo thaum nws txiv tuag. Gamzat raug xa mus rau nws tus txiv ntxawm rau kev loj hlob. Kev kawm nyob hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Gamzat Tsadas. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum xyoo, tus me nyuam tub raug xa mus ua tus saib xyuas hauv tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj hauv lub zos Ginichutl. Gamzat kawm tsis yog kev ntseeg xwb. Nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov kev kawm uas nyiam Tsadas, geography thiab txoj cai lij choj, lej thiab logic, astronomy thiab Arabic.

Ua haujlwm thiab kawm tus kheej

Tom qab nws kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv, Gamzat tau ua haujlwm hnyav - hauv nroog Grozny nws tau koom nrog kev tsim kho kev tsheb ciav hlau, nyob rau sab saud ntawm tus dej Koysu nws ua haujlwm ua ib tug lumberjack. Tom qab ntawd, rau qee lub sijhawm Gamzat Tsadasa yog dibir -pov thawj thiab txiav txim nyob rau hauv ob peb lub zos Dagestan ib zaug.

Tib lub sijhawm, Gamzat tau koom nrog kev kawm tus kheej. Nws thawj zaug kawm Arabic paj huam. Hauv nws lub tsev qiv ntawv muaj paj huam los ntawm Omar Khayyam, Navoi, Hafiz, Fizuli, Saadi. Nws kuj tau paub txog Firdousi's "Shah-name". Gamzat Tsadasa, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm peb tab tom tham txog, tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau paj huam los ntawm Dagestan. Nws fascinated los ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm E. Emin thiab Eldarilav, O. Batyray thiab Tazhuddin Chanka, I. Kazak thiab Ankhil Marin. Tsadasu txaus siab rau cov dab neeg ntawm Victor Hugo, Leo Tolstoy, Ivan Krylov, Anton Chekhov.

Gamzat tuaj yeem raug hu ua tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Muslim txoj cai lij choj, thiab yog li xyoo 1917 nws tau raug xaiv los ua tswv cuab (thiab tom qab tus thawj tswj hwm) ntawm Avar Sharia Tsev Hais Plaub. Xyoo 1920, Tsadas tau raug tsa los ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj Khunzakh, thiab ib xyoos tom qab ntawd nws raug xa mus rau cov ntawv xov xwm hauv cheeb tsam Avar hu ua "Red Mountains". Tom qab ua haujlwm hauv ntawv xov xwm, nws tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj hauv cheeb tsam Khunzakh.

pib ntawm txoj kev muaj tswv yim

thawj zaj paj huam ntawm Gamzat Tsadas tau luam tawm xyoo 1891. Thawj zaj paj huam yog "Tus dev ntawm Alibek". Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias lub pre-revolutionary paj huam ntawm Tsadas yog tshwj xeeb accusatory. Txhua nqe lus ntawm Gamzat tau hais tawm tsam txhua tus mullahs, cov tub luam. Nws kuj tau hais tawm tsam cov cai ntawm adat - kev lis kev cai ua haujlwm hauv qee thaj tsam. Nws yog raws li cov qauv no uas tau txiav txim siab tag nrho cov xwm txheej ntawm nkauj nyab nyiag, kev sib cav ntshav, thiab lwm yam.

Nyob hauv nqe sauTom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, Gamzat ua tus hu nkauj ntawm lub neej tshiab uas tau los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm siab-cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tus kws sau paj huam Avar hu kom tsim lub hwj chim ntawm Soviets nyob txhua qhov chaw. Thawj sau paj huam los ntawm Gamzat Tsadasa - "Broom of Adats" - tau luam tawm xyoo 1934. Tib lub sijhawm, Gamzat tau lees paub tias yog thawj tus kws sau paj huam hauv tebchaws Dagestan.

Thaum ntxov 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, cov kws sau ntawv los ntawm Moscow tuaj rau lub zos Tsada. Nikolai Tikhonov, Pyotr Pavlenko thiab Vladimir Lugovsky tau nyiam heev nyob rau hauv biography ntawm Gamzat Tsadasa thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nws ua hauj lwm. Tikhonov, los ntawm txoj kev, tom qab ntawd nco qab tus neeg paub. Nws sau hais tias Gamzat yog lub siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov Avaria, ib tug fighter tawm tsam xws li vices raws li nws tus kheej nyiam thiab stupidity, ib tug zoo kawg nkaus kws sau paj lug uas muaj peev xwm kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab ntawm lub tshiab tsoom fwv nrog tsuas yog ib lo lus, ib tug sage uas yog zoo versed nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau cunning intricacies ntawm Dagestan lub neej. Nikolai Semenovich kuj tau sau tseg qhov tseeb tias Gamzat Tsadasa tsis yog sau paj huam xwb, nws xav hauv daim ntawv poetic!

Pobular recognition

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Gamzat Tsadasa tau ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv Soviet. Cov kab los ntawm nws tej hauj lwm tau ntev tau parsed rau hauv quotations. Coob leej yeej paub txog nws cov lus uas txhua tus tib neeg yog hom lus, tab sis tib lub sijhawm txhua tus muaj ob lub pob ntseg - txhawm rau hnov 2 lo lus, tsuas yog ib tus tuaj yeem hais lus teb.

Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Tsadasa tej hauj lwm tau sau rau cov menyuam yaus: nws tau sau paj huam, dab neeg thiab dab neeg rau cov me nyuam yaus. Gamzat Tsadasa kuj tau luam tawm ib phau ntawm cov paj huam zoo kawg nkaus. Cov paj huam no nrov heev.nyob rau hauv Dagestan thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog. Ua tsaug rau nws, cov neeg nyob hauv Dagestan tuaj yeem paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm tus sau comedy thiab ua yeeb yam, nqe lus fairy tales, plays thiab keeb kwm paj huam!

Awards

Tus kws sau paj lug tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov neeg nyeem thiab cov tub ceev xwm. Thaum nws lub neej, Tsadasa tau txais ntau yam khoom plig. Ntawm lawv:

• Stalin nqi zog;
• title "Cov Neeg Poet ntawm Dagestan";
• xaj ntawm Lenin.

Gamzat muaj khoom plig - "Rau kev ua haujlwm siab tawv" thiab "Rau Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm Caucasus".