2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Lavxias teb sab kos duab yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov kws txawj ntse. Aivazovsky, Repin, Shishkin, Chagall - cov npe no paub txog cov neeg nyiam kos duab thoob ntiaj teb. Tab sis nws tshwm sim tias daim duab tau nrov dua nws tus tsim. Ib tug neeg yuav tsis paub lub npe ntawm tus sau, tab sis cov duab yog paub rau nws los ntawm kev yug los. Cov hauv qab no yog cov npe ntawm cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws los ntawm cov kws kos duab Lavxias, uas tau ntev los ua ib feem ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntiaj teb no.
"Morning in a Pine forest", Ivan Shishkin
Cov duab "Thaum sawv ntxov hauv Pine Hav Zoov" qhia hauv kev luam tawm saum toj no tau pleev xim los ntawm Ivan Shishkin hauv xyoo 1889. Qhov no yog nws txoj haujlwm sib koom ua ke nrog Konstantin Savitsky, uas tau pleev xim rau tag nrho cov dais raws li daim duab kos duab ntawm tus sau. Thaum xub thawj, cov duab txawm muaj cov kos npe ntawm ob tus kws kos duab, tab sis Pavel Tretyakov tshem tawm qhov kos npe thib ob tom qab tau txais daim ntaub.
Zoo heev toj roob hauv pes featuring tsiaj nrogmenyuam yaus paub txog txhua tus neeg nyob hauv tebchaws Russia - txij li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, kev luam tawm ntawm cov duab tau tshwm sim rau ntawm daim ntaub ntawm Mishka cov khoom qab zib clumsy, dhau los ua thawj lub hauv paus ntawm kev coj noj coj ua hauv Lavxias keeb kwm. Lub amazing liveliness ntawm cov zajlus, kev ua si ntawm lub teeb thiab impressionistic zajlus nyob rau hauv kev kawm artistic kev ua tau zoo ntawm Ivan Ivanovich nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg saib rau lub neej. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab "Thaum sawv ntxov hauv Pine Forest" hauv Xeev Tretyakov Gallery.
Y"Heroes", Viktor Vasnetsov
Thiab daim duab no tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab painting, tab sis kuj ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov tsoos kab lis kev cai ntawm Russia. Tias yog vim li cas rau cov neeg saib "Bogatyrs" yog lub teb chaws kab lis kev cai. Viktor Vasnetsov ua hauj lwm ntawm no monumental canvas rau ntau tshaj 20 xyoo - los ntawm 1876 mus 1898. Pavel Tretyakov yuav ua hauj lwm rau nws lub gallery sai li sai tau thaum nws ua tiav. Txog rau hnub no, "Bogatyrs" tau nthuav tawm ntawm Tretyakov Gallery.
Los ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis hauv daim duab yog cov cim tseem ceeb - Dobrynya Nikitich, Ilya Muromets thiab Alyosha Popovich. Nov yog li cas tus kws kos duab nws tus kheej tau piav qhia daim duab:
Bogatyrs Dobrynya, Ilya thiab Alyoshka Popovich thaum lub heroic tawm mus - lawv sau tseg nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob, puas muaj ib tug yeeb ncuab nyob rau hauv, lawv puas ua phem rau leej twg nyob qhov twg?
Qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm daim duab no tsis yog nyob rau hauv kev ua kom zoo xwb, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kev sau semantic - cov neeg tiv thaiv ntawm Lavxias teb sab av ntawm lawv cov nees loj loj nce saum toj no zoo li roob. Nrog rau lub cim no, tus kws kos duab xav piav qhiaKev txuas ntxiv ntawm tus sau Lavxias teb sab thiab lus dab neeg kos duab thaum tig ntawm lub xyoo pua.
"Ivan tus txaus ntshai thiab nws tus tub Ivan", Ilya Repin
Undoubtedly, ib tug ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws paintings los ntawm Lavxias teb sab artist yog ib tug canvas hu ua "Ivan the Terrible thiab nws tus tub Ivan rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 16, 1581", zoo dua lub npe hu ua "Ivan the Terrible tua nws tus tub." Xyoo 1885, Ilya Repin ua tiav daim ntaub, piav qhia txog nws lub sijhawm ntawm tsar tua nws tus tub hauv kev npau taws. Kev ua hauj lwm tawm tsam tus neeg saib nrog nws lub siab lub ntsws qhov tob, lub viv ncaus ntawm tus cwj pwm uas tau piav qhia - kev ntshai ntawm tus huab tais hloov siab lees txim yog qhov ntuj tsim kom goosebumps khiav ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Zoo li cov duab saum toj no, cov duab kos duab no tau khaws cia hauv cov khoom ntawm Tretyakov Gallery.
"Ninth Wave", Ivan Aivazovsky
Lub ntiaj teb-nto moo painting los ntawm Lavxias teb sab artist Ivan Aivazovsky yog Lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, pleev xim rau xyoo 1850. Nyob rau ntawm daim ntaub, tus neeg saib pom lub hiav txwv raging predawn - lub hnub ci ntsa iab ci ntsa iab cov neeg tsav nkoj uas ploj lawm, pom meej tom qab cua daj cua dub. Lawv saib tsis muaj zog thiab nkees, tab sis txuas ntxiv mus rau lawv lub neej, tab sis koj tuaj yeem pom tias nthwv dej loj tshaj plaws, cuaj nthwv dej, tab tom tawm tsam lawv. Kev txawj ntse thiab xim tsim kom muaj kev xav txog kev xav tshwj xeeb - tus neeg saib pom qhov kev paub dhau los thiab qhov muaj zog ntawm qhov tshwm sim hauv daim duab.
Tam sim no, "Ninth Wave" tuaj yeem pom hauv StTsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Russia.
"Barge haulers ntawm Volga", Ilya Repin
Lwm cov duab nto moo los ntawm Ilya Repin - "Barge haulers ntawm Volga", pleev xim rau xyoo 1870-1873. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nkoj thauj khoom, pom ntawm ntug dej ntawm Neva, ua rau muaj kev tsim cov duab kos duab. Repin xav tsis thoob tias tib neeg tau siv zog zoo li nyuj. Nws muab tag nrho nws indignation ntawm xws li ib tug qhev siv ntawm cov neeg mus rau hauv lub psychologism ntawm daim duab, uas ua rau nws zoo li xav tsis thoob. Daim duab nyob ze, lub nkoj nqa lub nkoj qhia tias kev nce qib mus txog Russia, tab sis lawv tsis paub siv nws li cas.
Ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus semantic, daim duab nthuav dav rau kev ua neej nyob ntawm cov duab ntawm cov neeg Lavxias thiab hom - qhov no tau tshwm sim hauv cov khaub ncaws, ntsej muag thiab lub ntsej muag, cais cov poses ntawm cov neeg tsav nkoj. Zoo li yav dhau los, cov duab kos duab "Barge haulers ntawm Volga" tau nthuav tawm hauv Lavxias Tsev khaws puav pheej.
"Alyonushka", Viktor Vasnetsov
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias thiab nto moo painting los ntawm Lavxias teb sab artist Vasnetsov - "Alyonushka" - tau pleev xim rau xyoo 1881. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias tus kws kos duab tau zoo siab heev los ntawm epic thiab fairy taleas dab neeg - qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm cov duab "Bogatyrs", "Ivan Tsarevich ntawm Grey Hma", "Snow Maiden", "Flying Carpet" thiab ntau lwm tus. Lub canvas depicts ib tug Lavxias teb sab menyuam ntsuag ntxhais, liab qab-hais, me ntsis dawb huv neeg ruam, zaum ntawm dej nrog lub ntsej muag overflowing inexpressible longing. Nws tsis tau xeeb los ua ib qho piv txwv rau zaj dab neeg txog tus muam Alyonushka thiab tus tij laug Ivanushka,tig mus rau hauv ib tug tshis, tab sis tom qab ntawd txuas nrog los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm tus kws kos duab nws tus kheej, precisely nrog nws. Nov yog qhov Viktor Vasnetsov hais txog kev ua haujlwm:
Alyonushka zoo li tau nyob hauv kuv lub taub hau ntev ntev, tab sis kuv tau pom nws hauv Akhtyrka thaum kuv tau ntsib ib tus ntxhais plaub hau yooj yim uas ua rau kuv xav txog. Muaj kev xav ntau, kev kho siab thiab kev tu siab ntawm Lavxias teb sab hauv nws lub qhov muag… Qee tus neeg Lavxias tshwj xeeb tau tawm ntawm nws.
YKoj tuaj yeem pom Alyonushka hauv Tretyakov Gallery.
"Tus ntxhais nrog txiv duaj", Valentin Serov
Ib qho ntawm thawj zaug thiab nto moo tshaj plaws ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kos duab Valentin Serov - "Girl with Peaches". Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws canvas nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm Lavxias teb sab impressionism. Tus kws kos duab kos duab hauv xyoo 1887, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 22 xyoos. Nws tau raug teeb tsa los ntawm 12-xyoo-laus Vera Mamontova, tus ntxhais ntawm tus tswv ntawm lub vaj tsev, uas tus kws kos duab feem ntau nyob ntev lub caij ntuj sov. Muaj ib hnub, Vera tau khiav mus rau hauv chav noj mov thiab zaum ntawm lub rooj, tuav lub txiv duaj tshiab. Lub sijhawm no zoo li zoo rau tus kws kos duab, thiab txij li ntawd los, yuav luag ob lub hlis, tus ntxhais tau ua rau Serov txhua hnub hauv tib qhov chaw. Kuj ceeb tias, daim duab tsis zoo li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev - nws yog qhov tshiab thiab lub sijhawm uas nws zoo tshaj plaws rau kev yees duab. Nov yog li cas tus kws kos duab tau hais txog txoj haujlwm no:
Txhua yam kuv xav tau yog qhov tshiab, qhov tshwj xeeb tshiab uas koj ib txwm hnov hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab koj tsis pom hauv cov duab. Kuv sau tau ntau tshaj ib hlis thiab tsim txom nws, txom nyem, tuag, ntau heev. Kuv xav khaws qhov tshiab ntawm kev pleev xim nrog kev ua tiav - qhov ntawd yog li cas cov qub tswv.
Txhua tus neeg uas xav pom cov duab kos yuav tsum mus ntsib Tretyakov Gallery, qhov chaw Serov's painting "Girl with Peaches" nyob.
"Tsis paub", Ivan Kramskoy
Daim duab ntawm Ivan Kramskoy "Unknown", sau nyob rau hauv 1883, kuj yog ib tug loj celebrity. Kev xaav tshwj xeeb ntawm daim duab yog tsim los ntawm lub npe - nws hloov mus rau hauv ib yam dab tsi ntawm cov duab thiab cov duab kos duab. Nws yog qhov xav paub tias tsis pom qhov twg hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov haujlwm ntawm tus kws kos duab tau pom cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tso cai rau tus poj niam piav qhia tus kheej.
Tus saib yog riveted los ntawm qhov tam sim no ntawm daim duab. Ib tug tau txais kev tshoov siab tias tus kws kos duab yeej muaj peev xwm pleev xim rau ib tug poj niam uas nres rau ib sab ntawm nws hauv nws lub tsheb qhib. Nws ntsia, khav theeb thiab tu siab me ntsis, cov duab ntawm Unknown qhia txog tus kheej tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam rau nws tus yeeb yam - nws zoo li txaus ntshai ntawm nws. Qhov kev nqis tes ua yuav tshwm sim hauv St. Petersburg - qhov no yog qhov tseeb ntawm cov tuam tsev ntawm Anichkov Palace thiab Alexandrinsky Theatre.
Tam sim no, cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws los ntawm Ivan Kramskoy tau khaws cia hauv Tretyakov Gallery.
"Saum lub nroog", Marc Chagall
Ib qho ntawm cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg Marc Chagall's "Above the City", ua tiav xyoo 1918. Tej zaum qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem ntaunto moo paintings ntawm lub ntiaj teb no pictorial avant-garde, thiab nto moo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab avant-garde. Nyob rau hauv daim duab - ib tug literal duab ntawm cov lus qhia "soar nrog kev zoo siab" los yog "ya rau lub tis ntawm kev hlub." Chagall pleev xim rau nws tus kheej thiab nws tus poj niam uas nws hlub, lub ntsiab muse ntawm nws lub neej, Bella Chagall. Nws yog nthuav tias nyob rau hauv 1914, thaum Mark Zakharovich nyuam qhuav pib ua hauj lwm ntawm lub canvas, tus poj niam no tsis yog nws tus nkauj nyab - tab sis nws paub nws thiab hlub nws tiag tiag. Nyob rau hauv daim duab, lovers, puag, hover lub nroog ntawm Vitebsk - lub thib ob hlub ntawm tus artist tom qab Bella. Los ntawm txoj kev, ya yog tus kws kos duab nyiam lub ntsiab lus, thiab nws tau rov piav qhia nws tus kheej thiab nws tus poj niam ya hla lub nroog lossis hauv qab lub qab nthab ntawm chav tsev, nrog rau lwm cov duab ya - poj niam, tsiaj txhu, kws ntaus nkauj.
Koj tuaj yeem pom daim duab, zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws, hauv Tretyakov Gallery.
"Black Square", Kazimir Malevich
Muaj ntau qhov kev xav, lus dab neeg thiab kev xav cuam tshuam nrog kev piav qhia ntawm cov duab nto moo los ntawm Lavxias tus kws kos duab Kazimir Malevich "Black Square" uas nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv qab ntawm qhov tseeb. Tab sis qhov tseeb tseem nyob - cov hauj lwm no yog lub npe nrov tshaj plaws painting los ntawm Lavxias teb sab sau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Tsis muaj kev pleev xim hauv ntiaj teb tau ua rau muaj kev sib cav ntau npaum li Dub Square.
Kazimir Malevich tau tsim nws txoj haujlwm hloov pauv hauv xyoo 1915, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yog ib feem ntawm triptych uas tseem muaj Dub Hla thiab Dub Vajvoog. Tab sis nws yog "square" uas tus kws kos duab tshaj tawm qhov chaw ntawm Suprematist (siab dua,dominant) system ntawm painting, uas nws tus kheej invented. Quote los ntawm phau ntawv keeb kwm kos duab Irina Karasik "Lub Adventures ntawm Dub Square":
Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no kos duab, tej zaum yuav tsis muaj painting nrog lub koob meej nrov dua Kazimir Malevich's "Black Square", tsis muaj hauj lwm uas ua rau cov tsos ntawm ntau lwm yam hauj lwm, tsis muaj artifact nrog xws li endurance tseem ceeb.
"Black Square" nthuav tawm ntawm Tretyakov Gallery.
Pom zoo:
Muag Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Cov Qauv Suab Nkauj, Kev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij thiab Kev Muag Khoom
Ntau lub sijhawm dhau los, tib neeg tsis siv discs, cassettes lossis cov ntaub ntawv yas, nyiam mloog nkauj hauv Is Taws Nem. Thiab tsuas yog cov kiv cua nyiam tshaj plaws tau luam tawm ntawm lub cev tawm, vim tias txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kws kos duab thiab ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov khoom tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qeb duas ntawm cov khoom muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, cia mus
Tus kws kos duab nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb thiab lawv txoj haujlwm. Nto moo Lavxias teb sab sculptors
Thawj qhov tsim ntawm tib neeg txhais tes, uas tuaj yeem hu ua duab puab, tau tshwm sim hauv lub sijhawm ua ntej keeb kwm thiab yog peb cov poj koob yawm txwv pe hawm. Ntau pua txhiab xyoo dhau los, kev kos duab ntawm cov duab puab tau mus txog qhov siab uas tsis tau pom dua, thiab niaj hnub no hauv tsev cia puav pheej thiab ntawm txoj kev ntawm ntau lub nroog thoob ntiaj teb koj tuaj yeem pom cov masterpieces tiag tiag uas ua rau muaj kev qhuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj xyuas thiab cov neeg taug kev
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
Theaters ntawm Kyiv: daim ntawv teev npe, cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv
Theatre ntawm Kyiv muab cov neeg tuaj saib ua yeeb yam rau txhua tus saj thiab hnub nyoog. Cov no yog operas, ballets, suab paj nruag, operettas, suab paj nruag comedies, puppet qhia, ua yeeb yam, comedies, fairy tales thiab hais txog
Cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws: txhais, kev taw qhia hauv kev kos duab, nta ntawm cov duab thiab cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws
Abstract art, uas tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab, yog ib qho kev taw qhia uas tau tso tseg cov ntawv uas ze rau qhov tseeb li sai tau. Tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus to taub, nws muab impetus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cubism thiab expressionism. Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm abstractionism yog tsis-objectivity, uas yog, tsis muaj ib tug recognizable khoom nyob rau hauv lub canvas, thiab cov neeg tuaj saib pom ib yam dab tsi incomprehensible thiab dhau qhov kev tswj ntawm logic, uas yog tshaj li ib txwm kev xaav
