2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Tus kws sau paj huam Armenian nto moo Avetik Isahakyan tau tso tseg cov cuab yeej cuab tam loj, uas tau los ua rau cov neeg nyeem hais lus Lavxias thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th hauv kev txhais lus ntawm A. Blok, V. Bryusov, I. Bunin thiab B.. Pasternak. Tsis muaj tsawg txaus siab yog keeb kwm ntawm nws lub neej, uas thaum lub sij hawm lub xyoo ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm lub USSR tau nthuav tawm rau pej xeem nyob rau hauv ib tug ua tib zoo kho daim ntawv. Tshwj xeeb, txawm tias 20-30 xyoo dhau los, txawm nyob hauv Armenia nws tus kheej, ob peb tus neeg paub tias tus yeej ntawm Stalin nqi zog ntawm thawj qib hauv xyoo 1921 tau koom nrog hauv kev npaj Kev Ua Haujlwm Nemesis.
Avetik Isahakyan: biography (me nyuam yaus)
Tus kws sau paj lug yug hauv xyoo 1875 hauv Alexandropol, Erivan xeev (Lavxias teb sab Empire, tam sim no Gyumri, koom pheej ntawm Armenia). Nws txiv - Sahak Isahakyan - yog tus tub ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Old Bayazet, uas nyob rau xyoo 1828 raug yuam tawm hauv lawv lub tsev thiab mus nrog cov tub rog Lavxias rov qab mus rau lub hav Shirak.
Thaum me nyuam yaus, Avo me me tau coj los ntawm nws pog thiab niam Almast. Raws li nws feem ntau tau sau tseg tom qab, lawv tus kheej rau nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ib tug poj niam txiv neej Armenian, ua siab ntev rau nws tsev neeg thiab npaj siab ua txhua yam.deprivation rau nws welfare. Nws yog los ntawm lawv uas nws tau hnov ntau zaj dab neeg, uas tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws tej hauj lwm.
Seminary studies
Avetik Isahakyan pib sau nws thawj zaj paj huam thaum muaj hnub nyoog 11. Tsis ntev nws tsev neeg tau mus ncig ua si rau St. Etchmiadzin, qhov chaw nws ntsib cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Gevorkian Seminary paub thoob plaws hauv Christian East. Txawm hais tias qhov kev paub ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tau tso cai rau nws dhau qhov kev xeem nkag, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv tau thov kom xa cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kawm thawj zaug, uas Isahakyan tsis muaj. Tom qab ntawd nws niam nws txiv tau hais kom xa lawv tus tub mus rau ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Archa Monastery rau ib xyoos. Nyob ntawd, Avetik tau mob siab rau, thiab, rov qab mus rau Etchmiadzin hauv 1889, nws tau txais tam sim ntawd rau qib 3 ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab.
Zoo li lwm 150 tus menyuam kawm ntawv uas tuaj txog ntau qhov chaw ntawm Eastern thiab Western Armenia, xyoo 1891 Avetik Isahakyan tau koom nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm kev tawm tsam. Ib qho kev xav tau ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tsis kam mus koom cov lus qhuab qhia yog kom tso lawv tawm ntawm kev cog lus ntawm kev tsis lees paub lub ntiaj teb, uas txwv tsis pub kev sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg sab nrauv, tshwj tsis yog kev mus ntsib tsis tshua muaj neeg txheeb ze. Tsis tau ua tiav lawv lub hom phiaj, ntau tus tub ntxhais kawm theem nrab, suav nrog yav tom ntej tus kws sau paj huam, tau tawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
Study Abroad
Cov kev paub tau txais hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, qhov twg, ntxiv rau cov kev kawm theological, tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo rau kev qhia lus txawv teb chaws, pab Avetik Isahakyan hauv nws txoj kev mus rau Tebchaws Europe, thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 1892 txog 1895 nws tau kawm txog kev xav thiab Anthropology hauv Leipzigtsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab ntawd tus tub hluas tau mus xyuas Geneva, qhov chaw uas nws tuaj koom cov lus qhuab qhia los ntawm G. V. Plekhanov, uas ua rau nws zoo siab heev.
Koom nrog cov qib ntawm Dashnaktsutyun
Rov qab nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Armenia, Avetik Isahakyan txiav txim siab mob siab rau nws tus kheej rau kev tawm tsam nom tswv. Nrog rau qhov no, nws tau koom nrog cov qib ntawm ib qho ntawm Armenian kev nom kev tswv qub tshaj plaws, Dashnaktsutyun, ua haujlwm tsis raug cai ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws. Nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tsis tau pom dua, thiab xyoo 1896 tus kws sau paj huam raug ntes thiab siv sijhawm ib xyoos hauv tsev loj cuj Erivan, tom qab ntawd nws raug xa mus rau Odessa.
Tom qab tau txais kev tso cai mus txawv tebchaws, nws tau mus rau Zurich, qhov chaw nws tau mus kawm cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab keeb kwm ntawm kev xav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv zos. Txawm li cas los xij, Isahakyan tsis tuaj yeem nyob deb ntawm nws lub tebchaws tau ntev, thiab, rov qab mus rau Alexandropol hauv xyoo 1902, nws rov los koom nrog kev tawm tsam tawm tsam tsarism. Nws thov kom nws nyob hauv Tiflis, qhov chaw uas tus kws sau paj huam raug ntes dua xyoo 1908 thiab raug xa mus rau hauv tsev loj cuj Metekhi rau 6 lub hlis nrog rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Armenian intelligentsia.
Lub neej nyob rau hauv exile
Txhais tau tias Isahakyan tsis tuaj yeem hloov kho "kev kawm rov qab", cov tub ceev xwm txiav txim siab tshem nws tawm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias teb sab. Nyob rau hauv 1911, tus kws sau paj lug raug yuam kom tawm hauv lub teb chaws thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Thaum pib ntawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, nws tau txhawj xeeb heev txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm Armenians hauv Turkey, uas tsoomfwv Turkish xav tias txhawb nqa Russia. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txawm tias cov neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam uas nyob ntawm ciam teb tau raug tsim txom thiab pogroms.nyob deb ntau txhiab kilometers ntawm kab pem hauv ntej.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tua neeg, Isahakyan, ua ke nrog Johannes Lepsius thiab Paul Rohrbach, tau teeb tsa lub koom haum German-Armenian, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom cov pej xeem sab hnub poob rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntseeg sab hnub tuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua qhov kev sim los tiv thaiv kev tua neeg ua tsis tiav, thiab xyoo 1915 lub teb chaws Yelemees cov phooj ywg - Cov Hluas Turks - ua tiav ib qho ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb - kev ywj pheej ntawm Western Armenia los ntawm cov neeg hauv paus txawm los ntawm nws txoj kev tua neeg.
Avetik Isahakyan: Lub luag haujlwm hauv Kev Ua Haujlwm Nemesis
Txawm hais tias tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ib Kawg, Qaib Cov Txwv nws tus kheej rau txim rau cov koom haum ntawm kev tua neeg ntawm Armenians thiab raug txiav txim rau qee tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem, suav nrog ib tus tswv cuab ntawm tsoomfwv "triumvirate" Talaat Pasha, kom tuag, feem ntau ntawm lawv. nyob zoo nyob teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv 1919, ib pab pawg ntawm Dashnaktsutyun cov tswv cuab tau pib siv txoj kev npaj ua pauj. Lawv tsim Kev Ua Haujlwm Nemesis, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm kev tua neeg. Isahakyan Avetik Sahakovich tau koom nrog hauv nws.
Raws li cov ntawv pov thawj tseem muaj sia nyob, nws tsis yog tsuas yog tua cov neeg ua phem phem Turkish uas nyob hauv lub tebchaws Yelemes, tab sis kuj tau ua haujlwm pub dawb rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg tua neeg thib ob, uas yuav tsum tua Talaat Pasha yog tias Soghomon Tehlirian plam. Kev tua neeg ntawm tus qub Minister ntawm Sab hauv ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv tau tshwm sim rau lub Peb Hlis 15, 1921 hauv Berlin. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Isahakyan qhov kev cuam tshuam tsis tas yuav tsum tau, thiab lub tsev hais plaub German, uas tau hloov mus ua ib hom kev sim Nuremberg ntawm Young Turk criminals,ua txhaum rau Armenian avenger.
Rov qab los ntawm exile
Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub peb caug xyoo ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo, lub Soviet lub xeev pib ua hauj lwm zoo nyob rau hauv lub rov qab los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov txawj ntse mus rau lub USSR. Ntawm cov neeg uas tau cog lus tias yuav txhawb nqa thoob plaws hauv tsev yog Avetik Isahakyan, uas tau hais ntau zaus hauv European xov xwm hauv kev txhawb nqa ntau txoj haujlwm ntawm lub xeev hluas. Nws rov qab mus rau Yerevan xyoo 1936 thiab tau raug xaiv tsa Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Sau Ntawv ntawm Armenian USSR, Academician ntawm Republican Academy of Sciences thiab Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Pawg Sab Laj. Tus kws sau paj huam tuag xyoo 1957 thiab raug faus rau hauv lub nroog Pantheon ntawm Yerevan.
Creativity
Qhov tseem ceeb uas Avetik Isahakyan paub txog yog cov paj huam hais txog Niam Txiv, hais txog kev nyuaj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo tib yam thiab nws txoj kev xav rau kev ywj pheej. Muaj ntau yam lyrical tej hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug, qhov kev hlub rau ib tug poj niam thiab leej niam tau qhuas.
Kev saib xyuas tsim nyog tau txais cov lus sau paj huam ntawm cov lus dab neeg sau los ntawm nws, piv txwv li, "Niam Lub Plawv" ("Hiav Txwv Sirt"). Avetik Isahakyan nyob rau hauv cov hauj lwm no qhia txog ib tug tub hluas los ntawm ib tug phem kev zoo nkauj xav tau lub plawv ntawm nws niam raws li ib tug token ntawm kev hlub. Tom qab ua siab ntev, tus tub hluas uas ntxhov siab ua tiav qhov kev thov ntawm nws tus hlub thiab tua tus poj niam uas yug nws. Thaum nws maj nrawm rau ntawm nws xaiv, nws ntog, thiab niam lub siab ntawm nws txhais tes qw: "Kuv tus tub pluag, koj puas mob?"
Tam sim no koj paub tias lub neej nyuaj Avetik Isahakyan nyob li cas. Paj huam hauv Armenian tsim los ntawmlawv, ua suab nrov hauv txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv nws lub tebchaws, thiab pab cov tub thiab ntxhais kom paub cov hnub nyoog kev txawj ntse ntawm lawv cov neeg, hnav khaub ncaws ua paj huam.
Pom zoo:
Alexander Yakovlevich Rosenbaum: biography, hnub yug thiab qhov chaw yug, albums, creativity, tus kheej lub neej, nthuav tseeb thiab dab neeg ntawm lub neej
Alexander Yakovlevich Rosenbaum yog ib tus neeg nyiam tshaj plaws hauv kev ua yeeb yam hauv Lavxias, hauv lub sijhawm tom qab-Soviet nws tau raug sau tseg los ntawm cov kiv cua ua tus sau thiab ua yeeb yam ntawm ntau zaj nkauj ntawm kev ua txhaum cai, tam sim no nws yog lub npe hu ua bard. Suab paj nruag thiab lyrics sau thiab ua los ntawm nws tus kheej
George Michael: biography, hnub yug thiab qhov chaw yug, albums, creativity, tus kheej lub neej, nthuav tseeb, hnub tim thiab ua rau tuag
George Michael tau raug suav hais tias yog lub cim ntawm cov suab paj nruag nrov hauv UK. Txawm hais tias nws cov nkauj nyiam tsis yog hauv Foggy Albion nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws. Txhua yam uas nws tau sim siv nws txoj kev siv zog yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis tsim nyog. Thiab tom qab ntawd, nws cov suab paj nruag tau dhau los ua classics txhua … Michael George's biography, tus kheej lub neej, cov duab yuav raug nthuav tawm rau koj mloog hauv tsab xov xwm
Eshchenko Svyatoslav: biography, hnub yug thiab qhov chaw yug, concerts, creativity, tus kheej lub neej, nthuav tseeb thiab dab neeg ntawm lub neej
Eshchenko Svyatoslav Igorevich - tus neeg ua yeeb yam, ua yeeb yam thiab ua yeeb yaj kiab, tus kws kos duab sib tham. Kab lus no nthuav tawm nws phau ntawv keeb kwm, nthuav qhov tseeb thiab cov dab neeg hauv lub neej. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus kws kos duab tsev neeg, nws tus poj niam, kev ntseeg kev ntseeg
Actor Alexander Klyukvin: biography thiab koj tus kheej lub neej, hnub yug thiab qhov chaw yug, creativity, nto moo luag hauj lwm thiab kev ua yeeb yam ntawm audiobooks
Actor Alexander Klyukvin yog ib tus neeg zoo siab thiab txawj ntse. Nws tau txais nws cov koob meej tsis tsuas yog ua tsaug rau lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab loj thiab hauv kev ua yeeb yam. Heev feem ntau nws koom nyob rau hauv dubbing txawv teb chaws films
Vaclav Nijinsky: biography, hnub yug thiab qhov chaw yug, ballet, creativity, tus kheej lub neej, nthuav tseeb thiab dab neeg, hnub thiab ua rau tuag
Zaj dab neeg txog Vaslav Nijinsky yuav tsum paub zoo rau txhua tus kiv cua ntawm kev kos duab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Lavxias teb sab. Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws thiab txawj ntse dancers ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, uas tau los ua ib tug tiag tiag innovator ntawm seev cev. Nijinsky yog lub ntsiab prima ballerina ntawm Diaghilev tus Lavxias teb sab Ballet, raws li ib tug choreographer nws staged "Tom qab ntawm ib tug Faun", "Til Ulenspiegel", "Lub Rite ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav", "Games". Nws hais goodbye rau Russia nyob rau hauv 1913, txij thaum ntawd los nws nyob rau hauv exile