Ivan Shamyakin: biography thiab creativity

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ivan Petrovich Shamyakin yog kev khav theeb ntawm Belarus, tus kws sau ntawv nto moo uas tau ua lub neej zoo.

Nws thawj qhov tshiab tau txais txiaj ntsig Stalin, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov haujlwm, lub ntsiab lus uas yog Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, tau ua yeeb yaj kiab.

Biography ntawm Ivan Shamyakin

Belarusian kws sau ntawv - ib haiv neeg ntawm tsev neeg txom nyem - yug rau lub Ib Hlis 30, 1921. Nws lub zos Korma (Gomel xeev) nyob rau ntawm ciam teb ntawm lub xeev: Belarus, Ukraine thiab Russia. Kev zoo nkauj ntawm nws haiv neeg thiab kev paub txog peb yam lus, uas tus tub hluas tau hnov txij thaum yau, pab txhawb kev tsim cov txuj ci kev sau ntawv ntawm tus kws sau yav tom ntej.

thawj kab lus Ivan pib sau thaum kawm ntawm Gomel College of Building Materials. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau lub sijhawm no nws tau koom nrog cov rooj sib tham ntawm kev sau ntawv hauv lub nroog ntawv xov xwm. Xyoo 1940, tom qab kawm tiav, nws tau sib yuav. Nws xaiv yog Maria Filatovna, uas tus kws sau ntawv tau paub txij li qib tsib. Txoj kev sib yuav zoo siab tau kav 58 xyoo. Rau nws tus poj niam, uas tau ncaim lub ntiaj teb no ua ntej nws, Ivan Petrovich mob siab rau txoj hauj lwm "Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav" thiab "Glory,Maria."

Tom qab nws txoj kev sib yuav, Ivan Shamyakin tau txais txoj haujlwm ua tus kws tshaj lij ntawm lub Hoobkas cib, tom qab ntawd nws raug tsim los rau hauv tub rog, los ntawm qhov chaw nws raug xa mus ua haujlwm hauv Murmansk. Muaj tsov rog pom tus tub hluas.

Tsov rog xyoo

Thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog xyoo, Ivan Shamyakin yog tus thawj coj ntawm cov neeg tua phom, tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze Murmansk, uas tau ua phem tsis zoo los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab lub dav hlau. Ntawm cov tub rog, cov tub ntxhais hluas Belarusian yog qhov txawv ntawm kev zoo siab; nws yog ib tug neeg hais dab neeg nthuav, uas cov neeg tua rog tau mloog zoo siab. Shamyakin tau sau cov ntawv ceeb toom rau cov tub ceev xwm, tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov ntawv xov xwm phab ntsa, cov ntawv sib ntaus sib tua. Xyoo 1941, nws tau sau thiab luam tawm nws thawj zaj dab neeg "Nyob rau hauv Snowy Desert" (hauv Belarusian), mob siab rau kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Nazi invaders nyob rau sab qaum teb, qhov chaw uas nws tau tawm tsam thaum pib tsov rog. Cov ntawv luam tawm tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Hour of the North". Ntxiv rau ntawm kab pem hauv ntej yog Poland, ces lub teb chaws Yelemees. Ivan Shamyakin ntsib qhov kev yeej loj ntawm Oder.

Post-war peacetime

Tom qab ua tsov ua rog, Ivan rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws - lub zos ntawm Prokopovka, Terekhovsky District - thiab tau txais txoj haujlwm ua tus kws qhia lus thiab ntawv nyeem hauv tsev kawm theem nrab. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj, nws tuav cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb, thiab thaum hmo ntuj nws tau sau cov dab neeg thiab dab neeg txog kev ua tsov rog yav dhau los. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws nkag mus rau hauv lub koom haum pedagogical ntawm lub nroog ntawm Gomel nyob rau hauv absentia. Xyoo 1946, zaj dab neeg Pomsta, uas qhia txog tib neeg txoj kev ntseeg ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias, pom lub teeb ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm Polymya magazine.

Ua haujlwm los ntawm Ivan Shamyakin

Cov ntawv sau txog keeb kwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Ivan Shamyakin tau sib raug zoo nrog nwskev nyeem ntawv. Cov neeg nyeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau thawj phau ntawv tshiab - "Deep Current", tsa lub ntsiab lus ntawm pawg neeg tawm tsam thaum xyoo tsov rog. Cov tib neeg zoo tshaj plaws, kev mob siab rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nkag siab ntawm lub luag haujlwm hauv zej zog siab tau sau rau hauv daim duab ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm kev ua haujlwm - Commissar Lesnitsky. Cov ntawv tshiab no tau muab tsub nqi zog rau Lub Xeev ntawm USSR hauv xyoo 1951. Tsis tas li ntawd, "Krinitsa" thiab "Zoo Sijhawm" tau luam tawm, qhia txog kev ua liaj ua teb ua neej nyob rau lub sijhawm nyuaj ntawm kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam puas tsuaj los ntawm kev ua tsov rog tsis zoo. Hauv txhua qhov haujlwm ntawm Shamyakin, txawm tias zaj dab neeg hais txog lub neej niaj hnub no, muaj cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua tsov rog yav dhau los, uas tus sau tsis tuaj yeem nyob twj ywm. Yog li, ib lub voj voog ntawm cov phau ntawv tau mob siab rau kev ua tsov ua rog, feem ntau yog cov ntawv sau keeb kwm thiab koom ua ke los ntawm lub npe "Txoj kev zoo siab". Nws suav nrog tsib zaj dab neeg: "Bridge", "Hlawv thiab Daus", "Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav", "Nyob Hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb", "Hmo ntuj xob laim".

Nyob rau xyoo 1975, zaj dab neeg "Hmo Hmo Hmo" tau luam tawm, xyoo 1976 - "Tus Tub Lag Luam thiab Tus Kws Sau Ntawv", nyob rau xyoo 70s cov neeg nyeem tau paub txog cov tshiab "Atlantes thiab Caryatids". Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua tub rog, kev tawm tsam ntawm Belarusian partisans, heroism thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog xyoo yog mob siab rau cov dab neeg "Kuv mam li muab koj qhov mob", "Snowy winters", "Lub plawv ntawm lub xib teg ntawm koj txhais tes".

Kev ua tiav ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Belarusian

Rau ntau tshaj 60 xyoo ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, kwv yees li 130 phau ntawv nrog tag nrho cov kev xa tawm ntau dua 25 lab luam tawm los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tus cwj mem. Kev sau ntawv ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau koom ua ke nrog nws cov kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nom kev tswv. Nws yog tus tuav ntaub ntawv togLub koom haum ntawm Belarusian Union of Writers, editor-in-chief ntawm Belarusian Soviet Encyclopedia, kev kawm ntawm International Slavic Academy ntawm Sciences, Kev Kawm Ntawv, Arts thiab Culture, nrog rau National Academy of Sciences ntawm Belarus. Nws yog tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm ntau lub rooj sib tham ntawm Supreme Soviet ntawm USSR thiab BSSR.

Ivan Shamyakin tuag (daim duab ntawm lub xyoo kawg ntawm nws lub neej tuaj yeem pom saum toj no) Lub Kaum Hli 14, 2004; qhov ua rau tuag yog suav tias yog lub siab ntev rau tus poj niam uas tau ncaim rau xyoo dhau los. Ib qho ntawm txoj kev ntawm lub peev ntawm Belarus tau hloov npe nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Belarusian. Nyob rau ntawm lub façade ntawm lub tsev nyob rau hauv Minsk, qhov twg Ivan Shamyakin nyob rau 37 xyoo, muaj ib tug memorial plaque; Mozyr State Pedagogical University tau muab npe tom qab nws.