2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Lub npe ntawm Evgeny Gabrilovich tau sau mus ib txhis hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab xinesmas. Tus kheej lub neej thiab biography ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau maj mam nco qab hnub no. Nws contemporaries tawm, cov yeeb yaj kiab poob lawv qhov cuam tshuam thiab raug tshuaj xyuas feem ntau tsuas yog los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Meanwhile, Gabilovich yog ib tug tag nrho era. Nws lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov txuj ci zoo, tab sis kuj yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws.
Gabrilovich Evgeny yug rau lub Cuaj Hlis 29, 1899 hauv ib tsev neeg ib txwm muaj ntawm cov neeg Yudais Lavxias hauv Voronezh. Tus tub leej txiv yog kws muag tshuaj, nws niam yog ib tug niam tsev. Zhenya siv nws thaum ntxov xyoo nyob rau hauv Voronezh. Lub sijhawm tsis yooj yim, cov tswv yim hloov pauv tau siav txhua qhov chaw, cov neeg Yudais ua rau tsis xis nyob nyob rau sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, Gabilovichs tuav ruaj khov. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, Eugene, raws li ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv xws li cov tsev neeg, tau qhia suab paj nruag, rau ob peb xyoos nws stubbornly txawj ntaus piano. Thaum xub thawj tus me nyuam tub tau muab rau hauv tsevkev kawm, thiab ces xa mus rau ib lub tsev kawm ntawv tiag. Tab sis Evgeny Gabrilovich tsis muaj sijhawm los ua kom tiav nws txoj kev kawm nyob rau ntawd: tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Moscow, vam tias yuav nrhiav tau lub neej zoo nyob ntawd. Ntawm no tus me nyuam tub raug xa mus ua kom tiav nws cov kev kawm ntawm ib tug private gymnasium, uas nws ua tiav tiav. Thiab nws nkag mus rau hauv txoj cai kws qhia ntawv ntawm Moscow University. Tab sis kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv lub tebchaws txwv tsis pub nws kawm tiav.
Music
Nyob rau thaum ntxov 1920s Gabrilovich Yevgeny nco txog qhov nws tau qhia hauv lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag thiab mus ua haujlwm ua pianist. Tom qab ntawd nws kawm ua si foxtrots fashionable ntawm lub piano thiab ua haujlwm ib nrab hnub ntawm kev seev cev. Ntawm no nws tau pom los ntawm Valentin Parnakh, thawj jazzman nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab expanses. Nws caw Eugene rau nws lub jazz orchestra. Lub Kaum Hli 1, 1922, thawj qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm pab pawg tshiab tau tshwm sim, thiab tam sim no Lavxias teb sab jazz ua kev zoo siab rau nws hnub yug. Moscow bohemia tau sib sau ua ke rau qhov kev ua yeeb yam thib peb ntawm lub suab paj nruag ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Yeeb Yam, suav nrog V. E. Meyerhold, uas tau nyiam tag nrho los ntawm cov suab paj nruag tshiab, tam sim ntawd tau thov ib pab pawg jazz rau nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam. Qee lub sij hawm tom qab, hauv kev ua yeeb yam nto moo ntawm Meyerhold's studio "D. E." thiab "Lub Magnanimous Cuckold" pib ua si ib lub orchestra ua los ntawm V. Parnakh, uas suav nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas Gabrilovich. Lub 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yog lub sijhawm ntawm kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev kos duab thiab ntau yam kev sim muaj tswv yim. Txhua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse muaj tswv yim muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam txuj ci, txhua tus yog kws ntaus nkauj, kws sau paj huam, kws kos duab.
Pibsau txoj haujlwm
Gabrilovich Evgeny kuj tau txiav txim siab sim nws tus kheej hauv daim teb tshiab - hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Nws pib nws txoj hauj lwm sau ntawv nrog prose thiab journalism. Thaum xub thawj, nws sim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm parodies, uas nws sau nrog Alexander Arkhangelsky. Gabrilovich koom nrog cov qib ntawm Constructivist Literary Center. Nyob rau hauv 1921, thawj zaj dab neeg ntawm Yevgeny "AAT" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub sau phau ntawv "The Expressionists". Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais hluas Gabrilovich yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Moscow Parnassus cov neeg sau ntawv, nws tau koom nrog hauv kev tshaj tawm ob pawg ntawm pawg no. Nyob rau hauv 1922, nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog B. Lapin, Gabrilovich luam tawm phau ntawv The Lightning Man, thiab ib xyoo tom qab, ib phau ntawv sib koom, Lub Island of Friendship, ua ke nrog G. Guzner. Thaum pib ntawm lub 30s, Gabrilovich twb dhau los ua ib tug tseem ceeb prose sau ntawv thiab sau xov xwm, nyob rau hauv 1931 nws luam tawm nws thawj phau ntawv ywj pheej. Nyob rau hauv 1934 nws tau los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Writers' Union. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, Eugene yog ib feem ntawm ib pab neeg sau ntawv uas tau mus rau ib tug muaj tswv yim ua lag ua luam mus txawv tebchaws los tsim lub White Sea-B altic Canal. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev mus ncig, ib phau ntawv sau tau luam tawm, hauv kev tsim uas Gabilovich kuj tau koom nrog.
xov hu tshiab
Ob qhov laj thawj zoo ua rau qhov tseeb tias Gabrilovich Yevgeny Iosifovich hloov nws txoj kev xav ua haujlwm hauv xinesmas. Thawj yog romantic: suab xinesmas tshwm sim, uas tau qhib lub sijhawm loj rau cov neeg sau ntawv. Eugene mob siab rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab pom lub neej yav tom ntej tom qab nws. Qhov thib ob yog qhov ua tau zoo: kev sau ntawv ua haujlwm yuav luag tsis muaj nyiaj tau los,thiab Gabrilovich xav tau kev ua neej nyob, nws vam tias yuav khwv tau nws hauv xinesmas. Thawj ob qhov xwm txheej ua rau ib ntus rhuav tshem cov neeg sau kev cia siab, lub chaw ua yeeb yaj kiab tsis lees txais lawv, thiab Eugene tau tso tseg ib ntus ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua tus kws ua yeeb yaj kiab. Nws coj kev sau xov xwm, tab sis kev xav ntawm xinesmas tsis tso nws tseg.
Ib zaug, ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, nws tau mus rau Odessa, qhov chaw nws pom ib tug ntxhais hauv cov khau tawv tawv, nrog lub hnab loj loj, uas nws nias rau nws tus kheej thiab xav txog ib yam nyuaj heev. Cov duab no tsis yog los ntawm lub taub hau ntawm Gabilovich. Thaum nws rov qab los rau Moscow, nws qhia nws lub tswv yim rau Y. Raizman, thiab ua ke lawv pib sau tsab ntawv. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1936 zaj duab xis "Hmo kawg" raug tso tawm, uas yog ib tug ua tau zoo, thiab muaj tswv yim tandem Raizman - Gabrilovich tshwm sim, uas kav ntau xyoo. Qhov thib ob zaj duab xis ntawm lub duet "Mashenka" tau yug los nyob rau hauv ib tug ntev lub sij hawm, nws yog ib tug tiag tiag muaj tswv yim breakthrough nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm chamber xinesmas. Kev thuam tau ntsib nws tsis ua siab zoo, tab sis kuv. Stalin nyiam nws.
Tsov Rog Xyoo
Evgeny Gabrilovich yog tag nrho ntawm cov phiaj xwm muaj tswv yim, uas yuav tsum tau ncua vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II. Gabrilovich mus dhau tag nrho kev ua tsov ua rog raws li ib tug neeg sau xov xwm. Nws tau nyob rau hauv qhov kub tshaj kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab sau txog txhua yam nws pom rau cov ntawv xov xwm Soviet Krasnaya Zvezda. Nyob rau hauv 1943, zaj duab xis "Mashenka" tau txais Stalin nqi zog. Gabrilovich hloov nws mus rau Defense Fund, uas nws tau txais kev ris txiaj rau tus kheej los ntawm I. V. Stalin. Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog, Evgeny koom ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub films "Peb Lub Plawv", ua ke nrog M. Romm, nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov zaj duab xis."Tus txiv neej 217". Rov qab mus rau xyoo 1942, ua ntej raug xa mus rau pem hauv ntej, nws tau sau tsab ntawv rau zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Ob Tub Rog", thaum nws rov qab los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, nws tau kawm tias daim kab xev tau dhau los ua ib qho kev ntaus tiag.
Txoj kev ntawm tus kws sau ntawv
Tom qab kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, Yevgeny Gabrilovich rov qab los sau ntawv. Ua ke nrog Reizman, lawv txuas ntxiv mus nrhiav hauv thaj chaw ntawm chav xinesmas. Xyoo 1957 zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Communist" tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet xinesmas. Leniniana ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub neej ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, Gabrilovich tau los ua thawj tus kws sau ntawv uas nyiam tsis yog hauv tus thawj coj, tab sis ntawm tus neeg. Gabrilovich Yevgeny Iosifovich sau 4 tsab ntawv rau cov yeeb yaj kiab txog Lenin.
Tab sis nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim piggy bank tsis yog tsuas yog cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm tog. Daim kab xev "Tsis muaj ford nyob rau hauv hluav taws" los ua ib tug ntawm cov thawj daim duab txog lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg, raws li ib tug feat. Nyob rau hauv lub 60s thiab 70s, Gabrilovich tau sau ntau heev txog tus tshiab hero, yog li cov paintings "Monologue", "Strange Woman", "Raug tshoob" tshwm.
Creative legacy
Gabrilovich qhov kev sau ntawv keeb kwm yog txog 30 zaj yeeb yaj kiab. Ntawm lawv muaj xws li undoubted kev vam meej xws li tapes "Pib", "Long Road rau kuv tus kheej", "Ob tug tub rog". Nws muaj sijhawm los ua haujlwm nrog cov thawj coj zoo li G. Panfilov, I. Averbakh, M. Romm, Y. Raizman. Nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, Yevgeny Iosifovich Gabilovich, uas nws tus kheej lub neej xaus nrog kev tuag ntawm nws tus poj niam nyob rau hauv 1973, pib tsiv mus nyob deb ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab rov qab mus sau prose dua. Nws tsiv mus rau Matveevskoye, mus rau lub tsev xinesmas qub tub rog, qhov twgtsom ntsoov rau kev xav txog nws lub neej thiab kev sau ntawv prose. Nws memoirs thiab kev xav tau suav nrog hauv ob phau ntawv: "Tus kheej, tab sis tsis yog tag nrho" thiab "Cov Phau Ntawv Kawg".
Kev qhia ua haujlwm
Txij li thaum xyoo 1962, Yevgeny Gabrilovich, uas nws biography yog txuam nrog xinesmas, pib ua hauj lwm ntawm VGIK. Nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub screenwriting department, koom nyob rau hauv kev xaiv ntawm cov neeg thov. Gabrilovich ib txwm sim pab cov tub ntxhais kawm nrhiav lawv txoj hauv kev ua yeeb yam. Nws ntseeg tias nws tsis mus nws tus kheej, vim nws xav ua tus sau lus, thiab nrhiav kev tiv thaiv cov tub ntxhais hluas kom tsis txhob yuam kev.
Lub neej ntiag tug
Tag nrho nws lub neej Gabrilovich Yevgeny Iosifovich, uas nws tus poj niam yog ib tug phooj ywg, pab, thuam, nyob rau hauv ib tug sib yuav. Lawv tau sib yuav nrog Nina Yakovlevna rov qab rau hauv nruab nrab-20s thiab nyob ua ke rau yuav luag ib nrab xyoo pua. Nws ntseeg tias Eugene yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig txaus siab rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab nres sau cov lus hais. Nkawd muaj ob tug tub: Yuri thiab Alexei. Tiamsis tus tub hlob tuag thaum muaj 14 xyoos. Alexey los ua, zoo li nws txiv, tus kws sau ntawv. Gabrilovich Yevgeny Iosifovich, uas nws tsev neeg yog tus txhawb nqa thiab rov qab, ib txwm ua raws nws tus tub txoj haujlwm, tab sis sim tsis txhob thuam lossis cuam tshuam hauv nws lub neej.
Yevgeny Iosifovich tuag rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 5, 1993.
Pom zoo:
Khadia Davleshina: hnub yug thiab qhov chaw yug, luv luv biography, muaj tswv yim, khoom plig thiab khoom plig, tus kheej lub neej thiab nthuav tseeb ntawm lub neej
Khadia Davleshina yog ib tus kws sau ntawv Bashkir nto moo tshaj plaws thiab thawj tus kws sau ntawv lees paub ntawm Soviet East. Txawm hais tias lub neej luv luv thiab nyuaj, Khadia tau tswj xyuas qhov tsim nyog cov cuab yeej cuab tam, tshwj xeeb rau tus poj niam oriental ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Kab lus no muab cov ntawv luv luv ntawm Khadiya Davleshina. Lub neej thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv no zoo li cas?
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