K. P. Bryullov thiab A. S. Pushkin. Portrait los ntawm ib tug tsis paub sau ntawv
K. P. Bryullov thiab A. S. Pushkin. Portrait los ntawm ib tug tsis paub sau ntawv

Video: K. P. Bryullov thiab A. S. Pushkin. Portrait los ntawm ib tug tsis paub sau ntawv

Video: K. P. Bryullov thiab A. S. Pushkin. Portrait los ntawm ib tug tsis paub sau ntawv
Video: ҰБТ-ға тегін дайындық. Физика 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Bryullov thiab Pushkin ntsib hauv Moscow, thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1836 lawv tau ntsib ntau zaus hauv St. Lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo, tus kheej thiab muaj tswv yim, tsis kav ntev, tsawg tshaj li ib xyoos, tab sis nws yog ib tug fruitful kev phooj ywg, uas tau txiav luv luv los ntawm kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj lug. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Pushkin, Bryullov ua ib tug sketch ntawm nws monument, xav nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej mus koom nyob rau hauv luam tawm tej hauj lwm thiab kos ntau sketches ntawm frontispiece, thiab nyob rau hauv 1849 - ib daim duab raws li "Funtain of Bakhchisarai".

Pushkin portrait
Pushkin portrait

Zaj dab neeg ntawm ib daim duab me me ntawm A. S. Pushkin

Xyoo 1880 hauv Moscow, ntawm Pushkin exhibition, cov neeg tuaj saib tau nyiam los ntawm ib daim duab me me - A. S. Pushkin. Lub portrait, ua nyob rau hauv cov roj ntawm cardboard (12.0 x 8.5 cm), tau teev raws li cov hauj lwm ntawm K. Bryullov, txij li thaum tus artist lub npe sau nyob rau hauv cov xim liab tau pom nyob rau hauv tus cwj pwm lub xub pwg nyom. Daim duab no kuj tau tsim dua tshiab hauv album tso tawm.

Tom qab 19 xyoo, thaum "A. S. Pushkin”, ib tug duab los ntawm O. A. Kiprensky, yav tas los khaws cia los ntawm tus kws sau paj lug tus tub, ntawm ib tug me me ua hauj lwm twb muaj ib lo lus nug cim tawm tsam tus sau lub npe. Muaj kev xav tias kos npe "K. Bryullov" yog ib tug crudely ua fake thiab tsis luam the artist's autograph, tab sis kos npe nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yamlithograph los ntawm ib tus tswv tej hauj lwm.

Tom qab ntawd, raws li cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg, Pushkinists, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog N. O. Lerner, uas tau luam tawm tsab xov xwm "The False Bryullov Portrait of A. S. Pushkin" xyoo 1914, tau sib cav tias Bryullov yeej tsis tau sau ib daim duab ntawm Pushkin, txawm tias nws yog. yuav mus. Txij thaum ntawd los, lub npe derogatory tau raug xa mus rau ib qho haujlwm me me ntawm kev kos duab, thiab maj mam lawv tsis nco qab txog nws. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm nws nyob rau hauv ib tug private sau, thiab ces nws tau txais los ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej Literary nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nyob rau hauv 1959, lub "false Bryullov" portrait raug xa mus rau lub tshiab tsim Moscow Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm AS Pushkin.

Tus sau ntawm lub portrait ntawm Pushkin
Tus sau ntawm lub portrait ntawm Pushkin

Small portrait - kawm rau duab los ntawm Kiprensky (?)

Tab sis yog tsis yog Bryullov, ces leej twg sau Pushkin? Lub portrait, hu ua "false Bryullov", tau ntev txiav txim siab los ntawm ib tug tsis paub artist. Ntau xyoo tom qab ntawd, ib qho kev sim ua pov thawj los ntawm O. Kiprensky.

Sib piv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, kev sau ntawv thiab lwm yam ntsiab lus, cov neeg koom nrog ntawm cov ntawv no tau xaus tias qhov no yog kev kawm txog nws cov duab nto moo - A. S. Pushkin” (portrait, 1827).

Muaj qhov nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm ob txoj haujlwm. Ib qho etude yog lub sijhawm ntawm lub neej ntes los ntawm tus kws kos duab. Pushkin txawv ntawm no - txawv mus ob peb vas thiab lub ntsej muag qhia. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm tus kheej cov ntsiab lus, tab sis qhov peculiarity ntawm pictorial yam thiab lub generality ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ua pov thawj tias tus sau ntawm lub portrait ntawm Pushkin (kev kawm) yog O. A. Kiprensky.

Sib piv cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, ib tus tuaj yeemqhia tias txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm tus kws kos duab thaum lub Tsib Hlis 26 txog Lub Xya Hli 15, 1827.

Bryullov portrait ntawm Pushkin
Bryullov portrait ntawm Pushkin

Vim li cas Bryullov tsis pleev xim rau Pushkin portrait?

Nws zoo li txawv txawv yog vim li cas tus kws kos duab nto moo thiab tus kws kos duab duab, tus kheej paub Pushkin, tsis pleev xim rau nws cov phooj ywg, tus kws sau paj huam zoo nkauj.

Brullov tsim ntau cov duab uas nws ntes nws cov neeg kawm: Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv, kws ua yeeb yam, kws tsim vaj tsev, pej xeem cov duab. Tab sis Pushkin tsis yog ntawm lawv. Cov lus pov thawj ntawm cov kws kos duab cov phooj ywg thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm hais tias nws tab tom yuav pleev xim rau tus kws sau paj huam, tab sis tsis muaj sijhawm los ua.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm K. P. Bryullov ntseeg tias Pushkin tsis yog nws tus phab ej. Tus neeg pleev kob tau paub tias yog tus tswv ntawm lub neej-pom zoo "zoo siab duab" thiab pleev xim rau tib neeg hauv lub sijhawm ntawm kev tshoov siab lossis kev zoo siab. Tus kws sau paj huam ua yeeb yam tsis haum rau lub tswv yim ntawm Bryullov txoj haujlwm, thiab yog li ntawd nws "tsis muaj sijhawm" los pleev xim rau daim duab. Qhov no tsuas yog ib qho kev xav xwb, uas tsis muaj pov thawj ncaj qha.

Qab lus

Nws yuav tsis ncaj ncees tsis hais tias cov ntawv nthuav tawm no hais txog kev sau ntawv me me ntawm A. S. Pushkin tsuas yog ib qho ntawm ntau. Piv txwv li, kos duab thuam E. Pavlova yog lub tswv yim hais tias cov duab yog txawm li cas los xij pleev xim los ntawm Bryullov, thiab hais txog nws tus kheej, tsis muaj kev sib cav tsawg dua hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov no. Kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus, thiab tseem muaj ntau yam tsis paub daws teeb meem. Tej zaum cov tiam tom ntej yuav muaj hmoo zoo.

Pom zoo: