Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin: biography, creativity
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin: biography, creativity

Video: Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin: biography, creativity

Video: Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin: biography, creativity
Video: Александр Мисько интервью / Alexandr Misko interview ENG SUBTITLES | Павел Степанов | MuzClass 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin (1799-1837) - tus zoo Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv, kws sau paj lug, playwright. Nws yog tus sau tej hauj lwm tsis txawj tuag nyob rau hauv prose thiab nqe. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem nco qab cov dab neeg "Dubrovsky", "Eugene Onegin", zaj dab neeg nto moo "Cov neeg raug txim ntawm Caucasus", paj huam "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila", zaj dab neeg hu ua "Tus Poj huab tais ntawm Spades" thiab lwm yam kev sau ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau sau ntau zaj dab neeg rau menyuam yaus, uas tseem niaj hnub no.

xyoo ntxov ntawm Alexander Sergeevich

Alexander Sergeevich
Alexander Sergeevich

Thaum twg Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin yug? Qhov kev zoo siab tshwm sim rau lub Rau Hli 6 (raws li cov qauv qub - Lub Tsib Hlis 26), 1799, hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm tsev neeg tsis muaj npe nyob hauv Moscow. Nws yog qhov nthuav kom paub tias leej txiv yawg ntawm tus ua yeeb yam yog Abram Petrovich Gannibal, neeg Asmeskas yug los, uas yog ib tug tub qhe thiab tub kawm ntawv ntawm Tsar Peter I.

Ntxiv rau Pushkin, muaj lwm cov menyuam hauv tsev neeg. Hais lusNws yog hais txog tus ntxhais Olga thiab tus tub Leo. Los ntawm 1805 txog 1810 Alexander Sergeevich siv sij hawm ntau nyob rau hauv ib lub zos nyob ze Moscow hu ua Zakharovo nrog nws pog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias nws yog tshav ntuj huab cua. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias tsis muaj lwm yam tshaj li tus pog ntiav ib tug nais maum rau ib tug me nyuam tub. Nws lub npe yog Arina Rodionovna Yakovleva. Hluas Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin kho nws sov so.

pib ntawm txoj kev muaj tswv yim thiab kev kawm

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Hauv xyoo 1811, Alexander Sergeevich kawm ntawm Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Nyob rau hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias thawj zaug nws creation tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1814. Thawj qhov kev tshaj tawm tau pom hauv phau ntawv xov xwm hu ua Vestnik Evropy. Peb tab tom tham txog nqe "Rau tus phooj ywg-poet-maker." Nws yog tsim nyog ntxiv hais tias nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tus kws sau paj lug tau txais mus rau hauv ib tug neeg sau ntawv nrog lub npe nrov Arzamas.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias Evariste Parny thiab Voltaire yog cov nyiam sau ntawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, tej hauj lwm ntawm nto moo classics ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj ib tug tseem ceeb lub luag hauj lwm rau nws txoj kev muaj tswv yim ntxiv. Ntawm lawv yog Radishchev, Zhukovsky, Batyushkov thiab Fonvizin. Alexander Sergeevich kawm tiav los ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv 1817. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib tug kawm tiav nrog qib ntawm collegiate secretary ntawm qib kaum ob. Ib me ntsis tom qab ntawd, cov tub ntxhais hluas Pushkin tau raug xaiv los rau Collegium of Foreign Affairs.

Tus kws sau paj huam txoj kev muaj tswv yim

Alexander Sergeevich muaj tswv yim txoj kev
Alexander Sergeevich muaj tswv yim txoj kev

Nyob rau hauv 1819, Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin tau txais nyob rau hauv lub literary thiab theatrical zej zog.hu ua "Green Light". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau nquag ua haujlwm rau paj huam nrog lub npe romantic "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila" (1820). Nws yog nthuav kom paub tias twb nyob rau hauv 1821 tus naas ej prose sau ntawv pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Prisoner ntawm lub Caucasus. Nws yog nws uas tom qab ntawd ua rau nws yog ib tus kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub sijhawm. Ib xyoos tom qab, kev ua haujlwm tau pib ntawm lub npe nrov "Eugene Onegin" (1823-1832).

Kev muaj tswv yim ntxiv ntawm Pushkin

Tam sim no xyoo 1832, Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin tau los nrog lub tswv yim los sau keeb kwm tshiab txog lub sijhawm ntawm Pugachev. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws kawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv muaj (ntau cov ntaub ntawv tau muab faib rau lub sijhawm ntawd). Pushkin mus ncig ntau qhov chaw uas qhov kev tawm tsam tshwm sim. Tom qab ntau mus ncig, nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1833, Alexander Sergeevich tau sau "Cov Nkauj ntawm Western Slavs" thiab "Cov Keeb Kwm ntawm Pugachev", nrog rau cov paj huam hu ua "Bronze Horseman" thiab "Angelo". Nws pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib zaj dab neeg uas nthuav lub npe "Tus poj huab tais ntawm Spades". Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tus sau ntawm ntau yam zoo-paub tej hauj lwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tshiab "Dubrovsky". Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog nyob rau hauv nws tias tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb dhau los ua tub sab.

Links: yog vim li cas thiab nyob rau hauv dab tsi tshwm sim?

Pushkin creativity
Pushkin creativity

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov lus nom tswv ntawm Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin ("Rau Chaadaev", "Liberty", "Lub Zos", 1817-1820) tau los ua qhov kev npau taws ntawm Alexander I. Yog li, ib tug neeg nyiam. Tus sau tuaj yeem raug ntiab tawm mus rau Siberia. Ua tsaug rau lub hwj chim thiab kev siv zog ntawm Krylov, Zhukovsky thiab Karamzin, qhov no raug tshem tawm tseem raug zam. Yog liYog li ntawd, nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1820, Alexander Sergeevich, nyob rau hauv lub guise ntawm tsiv mus rau official lag luam, raug xa mus rau sab qab teb ntawm lub teb chaws.

Nws yog qhov nthuav kom paub tias thaum lub sij hawm exile mus rau sab qab teb ntawm Russia, tus sau prose tau fascinated los ntawm Byron txoj hauj lwm. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm nws cov ntawv ntau nws tau hais txog kev ntseeg nrog rau qib txaus ntawm irony. Tau kawg, tsab ntawv raug cuam tshuam. Nws tau tshaj tawm rau Alexander I. Yog li ntawd, Alexander Sergeevich raug tshem tawm ntawm kev pabcuam thiab, raws li, nws thib ob raug tshem tawm, lub sijhawm no mus rau ib lub zos hu ua Mikhailovskoye (1824-1826).

Zaj dab neeg ntawm Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Pushkin kws sau paj lug
Pushkin kws sau paj lug

"Zoo siab heev cov dab neeg no yog dab tsi!" - Qhov no yog raws nraim li cas Alexander Sergeevich sau rau nws tus tij laug Levushka nyob rau hauv 1824 nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm Mikhailovsky, qhov chaw uas nws raug xa mus rau exile. Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj, Arina Rodionovna, uas twb muaj hnub nyoog, tab sis ib yam li cov neeg txawj ntse thiab siab zoo, ua rau, raws li cov lus ntawm tus kws sau paj lug, lub shortcomings ntawm nws upbringing, tab sis nws lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov hauj lwm ntawm ib tug prose sau ntawv yuav tsum tsis txhob exaggerated.

Xyoo 1830 (Lub Cuaj Hli) hauv Boldino, Alexander Sergeevich tau sau ib zaj dab neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hu ua "Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Tus Pov Thawj thiab nws Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Balda." Tus sau tau hnov zaj dab neeg no ntawm kev ncaj ncees. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev nkag mus tau raug cawm hauv phau ntawv sau tseg hauv xyoo 1824. Ntawm nws cov kev paub zoo, ib tus yuav tsum tau hais txog "Lub Nkauj ntawm tus Yaj Saub Oleg", "Ib qho Oak Green Oak Los Ntawm Seaside", "Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Cov. Tus neeg nuv ntses thiab ntses", "Cov dab neeg ntawm tus poj huab tais tuag thiab xya tus phab ej", "Cov dab neeg ntawm Golden Cockerel" thiab lwm yam.

daim ntawv teev npe no tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv ntev txaus. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas cov me nyuam niaj hnub nonyiam Pushkin's fairy tales. Cov me nyuam yaus nyiam mloog cov niam txiv nyeem cov dab neeg zoo li cas rau lawv ua ntej mus pw, thiab thaum lawv dhau los, kev nyeem ntawv yog qhov tseeb, ua rau lawv tus kheej. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab ntxim nyiam no yuav nyob mus ib txhis.

Pom zoo: