Vim li cas thiab leej twg tua Pushkin? Luv luv biography ntawm tus kws sau paj lug

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

A. S. Pushkin yog ib tug zoo Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv, kws sau paj lug thiab playwright. Thaum nws lub neej luv luv, nws tau sau ntau zaj paj huam, ntau zaj paj huam, dab neeg thiab zaj dab neeg, uas niaj hnub no yog ib feem ntawm lub ntiaj teb kos duab.

Vim li cas thiab leej twg tua Pushkin? Puas yog tiag tiag duel ntawm kev khib? Lossis puas yog European kev pabcuam zais cia nrog tus kws sau paj huam nrog txhais tes ntawm Dantes? Thiab txog niaj hnub no, kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog qhov no tsis tau ploj mus. Kom nkag siab qhov no me ntsis, cia peb tham txog tus kws sau paj huam nws tus kheej.

Pushkin's biography: luv luv txog lub xyoo ntawm nws lub neej

pib ntawm tsev neeg Pushkin hnub rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Alexander Nevsky, thaum nws kav tus kws sau paj huam nyob deb ntawm Prussian keeb kwm tuaj rau Russia. Qhov no yog nyob rau ntawm niam txiv kab ntawm tus kws sau paj lug, thiab nyob rau ntawm leej niam, tus poj koob yawm txwv yog tus paub Hannibal, tus txiv neej dub thiab tus vajtswv ntawm Peter I.

1799 yog xyoo yug ntawm Pushkin. Nws yug los rau lub rau hli ntuj 6, thiab raws li lub qub style - nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 26. Tus kws sau paj huam txiv yog Sergei Lvovich Pushkin, thiab nws niam yog Alexandra Sergeevna.

Los ntawm 1805 txog 1810, yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug siv sij hawm ntau nyob rau hauv lub zos Zakharovo ze Moscow, nrog nws niam pog, Maria Gannibal. Nws yog nws thawj zaug sau tseg qhov tsis sib xws ntawm Alexander, uas mus ib txhiskhiav tawm ntawm ib sab mus rau lwm qhov.

Kev Tsov Rog Tsov Rog ntawm 1812 pom cov tub ntxhais hluas Pushkin ntawm Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, qhov chaw nws raug ntaus nqi ua ib tug kws sau paj huam.

Xyoo 1814, nws zaj paj huam tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv phau ntawv journal Vestnik Evropy. Nws hu ua "Nraug Poet Phooj Ywg".

Pushkin kawm tiav los ntawm Lyceum xyoo 1817, tau txais qib ntawm tus tuav ntaub ntawv qib siab thiab tau raug xaiv los rau Collegium of Foreign Affairs. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws feem ntau mus saib ua yeeb yam, mus koom cov rooj sib tham ntawm Arzamas zej zog. Pushkin yog ib tug phooj ywg ntawm ntau Decembrists, txawm hais tias nws tsis koom tes nyob rau hauv lawv cov dej num. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws nto moo paj huam tau luam tawm: "Rau Chaadaev", "Liberty", "Village", "Hlub, kev cia siab, ntsiag to yeeb koob". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ua haujlwm tseem tab tom ua rau paj huam "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila".

Paj huam "Tus Neeg Cuam Tshuam ntawm Caucasus" tau sau xyoo 1822, nws yog tus uas ua rau nws yog ib tus kws sau ntawv zoo ntawm nws lub sijhawm. Ib xyoos tom qab, tus kws sau paj lug pib "Eugene Onegin". Nws twb xav tias nws tus kheej yog ib tug neeg sau ntawv, thiab tsis yog ib tug neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub xeev. Yog li ntawd, nws raug xa mus rau Odessa, thiab tom qab ntawd tawm ntawm qhov kev pabcuam. Nws raug xa mus rau Mikhailovsky vaj tse. Muaj tus kws sau paj huam sau ntau zaj paj huam, ua haujlwm ntawm "Eugene Onegin". Nyob rau hauv 1826, Pushkin tau hu mus rau ib tug neeg tuaj saib los ntawm Nicholas kuv, uas tau cog lus rau nws nws patronage thiab cawm dim ntawm censorship. Thaum lub sij hawm no, tus kws sau paj lug nyiam Peter kuv, feem ntau mus rau St. Petersburg thiab Moscow. Twb tau txij li xyoo 1827, nws tau raug tsim txom vim yog paj huam "Gavriiliada" thiab paj huam "Andrei Chenier", tom qab nws muaj kev saib xyuas zais cia.

Xyoo 1829 tus kws sau paj lug mus rau Caucasus. Yog ibtsom xam nws cov paj huam, nws yog lub sij hawm no uas nws tau haunted los ntawm premonitions ntawm nws tuag. Txawm hais tias tseem tshuav 9 xyoo ua ntej cov lus nug tshwm sim vim li cas thiab leej twg tua Pushkin.

Xyoo 1830 tus kws sau paj lug rov wooed Natalya Goncharova. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg nws mus rau nws txiv lub cuab yeej cuab tam, qhov chaw uas nws sau tiav "Eugene Onegin" thiab ntau lwm yam dab neeg. Thiab nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1831 hauv Moscow, nws yuav Goncharova, lawv mus rau Tsarskoye Selo, qhov chaw lawv xauj tsev lub caij ntuj sov.

Nyob rau tib lub xyoo, tus kws sau paj lug rov nkag rau hauv kev pabcuam ntawm tus kws sau keeb kwm. Tab sis qhov nws xav tau tiag tiag yog nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv. Lub teb chaws tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab tseem muaj kev tsis ruaj khov hauv txoj cai txawv teb chaws. Tag nrho cov no yog qhia nyob rau hauv xws li nws cov paj huam: "Rau cov neeg hais lus phem ntawm Russia", "Borodino hnub tseem ceeb", "nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov ntxa ntawm cov neeg dawb huv …". Nws yog tej hauj lwm uas ua rau indignation nyob rau sab hnub poob. Yog li cov lus nug tshwm sim yog leej twg tua Pushkin tiag tiag.

Los ntawm 1832 txog 1836 tus kws sau paj huam sau ntau heev. Qhov no yog ob qho tib si paj huam thiab prose. Nws tawm hauv qhov kev pabcuam dua, tshaj tawm cov ntawv xov xwm Sovremennik, tab sis, hmoov tsis, nws tsis nrov.

Xyoo 1837 tab tom los. Nruab nrab ntawm Pushkin thiab Dantes (tus tub ntawm Dutch envoy Gekkeren) muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, uas yog Natalia. Muaj ib tug duel uas tus kws sau paj lug raug mob.

Raws li cov dab neeg ntawm phooj ywg Pushkin los ntawm Lyceum K. K. Danzas (nws yog tus thib ob hauv kev sib tw thiab tsis tawm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej), nws yuav tsum sib ntaus tsis yog Dantes, tab sis nrog nws txiv, Baron Gekkeren. Tab sis nws, raws li nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb, tsis tuaj yeem sib ntaus sib tua. Tejzaum yog txiv thiab tubtxhob txwm tshaj tawm cov lus xaiv txog tus kws sau paj huam tus poj niam, paub ua ntej txog qhov tshwm sim.

Leej twg tua Pushkin? Ib yam tuaj yeem hais tau ntseeg tau - Dantes ua rau lub qhov txhab tuag rau tus kws sau paj huam, tab sis tom qab qhov no yog nws txiv - tus neeg sawv cev Dutch.