Zaj dab neeg zoo nkauj Ivan Tolstoy

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Peb yog cov nyeem. Peb txhua tus tau nyeem tsawg kawg ib phau ntawv. Thiab qhov ntawd zoo heev. Vim tias kev sau ntawv muaj ib qho zoo kawg nkaus - nws tsis yog ib qho kev sau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog keeb kwm tseeb lossis kev sib raug zoo ntawm tib neeg, nws yog ib yam dab tsi ntxiv. Nyeem ntawv, peb pom peb tus kheej nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, nkag siab thiab ua kom pom tseeb ntau yam, nco ntsoov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tib neeg.

Kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam rau peb lub ntiaj teb sab hauv, peb tus ntsuj plig. Peb nkag siab npaum li cas yog sau? Vim li cas? Tus sau xav hais li cas los ntawm kev piav txog cov xwm txheej no? Tab sis muaj cov neeg uas tsa cov mob hnyav no, feem ntau mob, cov lus nug: yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev muaj tswv yim ncaj ncees, puas yog qhov no lossis cov duab kab lis kev cai deservedly tsis nco qab lossis tsa siab. Cov neeg sau keeb kwm xws li Tolstoy Ivan Nikitich pab peb teb txhua lo lus nug.

Ivan Nikitich thiab nws tsev neeg

Lub Ib Hlis 21, 1958, Tolstoy Ivan Nikitich yug hauv Leningrad. Tsev neeg uas nws yug los yeej paub txhua leej txhua tus. Ivan Nikitich yog leej txiv xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus kws sau ntawv nto moo A. N. Tolstoy. Nyob rau ib feem ntawm leej niam, Lozinskaya Natalya Mikhailovna, yog tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus kws sau paj lug Lozinsky M. L. Leej Txiv - Soviet.physicist, xib fwb Tolstoy N. A. Kwv tij Mikhail kuj yog ib tug kws kho mob, cov viv ncaus Natalia thiab Tatiana yog cov kws sau ntawv.

Xyoo 1975 nws kawm tiav high school thiab nkag mus hauv lub tsev kho mob. Nws kawm nyob ntawd tau peb xyoos, thaum nws raug ncaws tawm ntawm nws ob zaug. Raws li Ivan Nikitich hais tias, thaum nws raug ntiab tawm thawj zaug thiab rov ua dua, nws pom tau tias qhov no yuav tshwm sim dua, vim nws tsis xav mus kawm nyob ntawd. Zoo li "txiv yawg" cov noob cuam tshuam, nws tsis nyiam tshuaj. Ib zaug nws tus poj niam hais rau nws tias yog koj nyiam philology, koj yuav tsum ua ib tug philologist. Yog li nws nkag mus rau cov kws qhia ntawv philological ntawm Leningrad University.

Kev mob siab rau keeb kwm ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws

Studied los ntawm kev sau ntawv, vim nws ua haujlwm raws li kev qhia hauv Pushkinskiye Gory. Txawm li ntawd los, nws txhawj xeeb txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw. Thiab xyov nws pom nyob rau hauv Pushkin lub chaw ua hauj lwm ib ntim ntawm Nabokov lub "Cov Lus Qhia rau cov tshiab "Eugene Onegin", txwv tsis pub muab, nws yaum nws cov thawj coj muab cov phau ntawv no rau nws. Lawv tau ua lus Askiv, thiab rov qab los, Ivan Nikitich Tolstoy tau cog lus tias yuav txhais ua lus Lavxias rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.

Kev txhais lus Nabokov lub sijhawm ntev, tsuas yog lub sijhawm los tiv thaiv thesis. Nws hais rau tus kws qhia ntawv tias nws xav npaj cov ncauj lus no rau daim diploma. Qhov uas nws teb hais tias lub npe ntawm Nabokov yuav tsum tsis txhob hais nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub tsev kawm ntawv, nws yog tsim nyog los nrhiav lwm lub ntsiab lus. Kuv yuav tsum ncua kuv qhov thesis ib ntus. Tom qab kawm tiav, nws tau qhia lus Lavxias thiab ntawv nyeem hauv tsev kawm theem nrab.

Thaw thiab thawj cov ntawv tshaj tawm

Txhua lub sijhawm no kuv tau kawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, cov ntaub ntawv muajthiab sau ntawv. Kuv yeej xav kom luam tawm thaum muaj hnub nyoog 21, Ivan Tolstoy nco qab. Tab sis paub txog nws txoj kev mob siab rau émigré cov ntaub ntawv, tsis yog ib qho kev tshaj tawm uas tau tshaj tawm nws cov ntaub ntawv. Thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 25 xyoos nws raug txwv tsis pub luam tawm. Qhia koj tus kheej tias qhov no tsis yog mus ib txhis. Thiab yog li ntawd tau tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv 1986, lub txiav npluav raug tshem tawm, thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm Nabokov nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws maj mam warmed. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1987, Ivan Nikitich muaj nws thawj phau ntawv.

Tib lub sijhawm, nws qhia ntawm Polygraphic thiab Humanitarian Institutes. Xyoo 1994, nws tau qhia cov chav kawm tshwj xeeb ntawm Nabokov hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug editor ntawm Zvezda magazine, ib tug proofreader nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab xav magazine. Tshwj xeeb hauv émigré cov ntaub ntawv thiab keeb kwm, Cold War cov ntawv nyeem.

Literary creativity

Nyob rau xyoo 1992, Ivan Nikitich Tolstoy tau los ua tus editor-in-chief ntawm Toviy Grzhebin publishing tsev. Nws luam tawm cov phau ntawv los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv yuam kom nyob hauv exile, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm rau cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw thiab lawv lub neej txawv teb chaws. Txij li thaum 1994 nws tau ua tus editor-in-chief ntawm phau ntawv journal "Kev sim". Ntau tshaj 500 ntawm nws cov kev txheeb xyuas, cov ntawv thiab cov kev tshuaj xyuas tau raug luam tawm. Tus sau phau ntawv "Italics ntawm lub sijhawm", "Lub Laundered Romance ntawm Zhivago".

Hnub ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg sau xov xwm

Txij li xyoo 1988, Ivan Tolstoy tau ua haujlwm ua tus neeg sau xov xwm (freelancer) ntawm Xov tooj cua Liberty. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1994, lub tuam txhab caw nws mus rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. Txij li xyoo 1995 nws tau nyob thiab ua haujlwm hauv Prague. Raws li Ivan Nikitich, lawv ua haujlwm zoo nyob ntawd. Tsis muaj leej twg yuam ib yam dab tsi, tsis yuam kom koj npog ib yam dab tsi thiab tsis txiav txim siab seb yuav ua li cas. Nws xaiv cov ncauj lus nws tus kheej. Lub neej qhia rau lawv tag nrho, hais tias Ivan Tolstoy, uas nws biography nws tus kheej muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug nthuav thiab fascinating kev pab cuam txog cov naas ej tsev neeg ntawm Count Tolstoy.

Ivan Nikitich tsis yog tus tswv ntawm kev qhia dab neeg zoo kawg nkaus - vividly, figuratively, ci ntsa iab. Tab sis kuj yog ib tug zoo tswv ntawm nrhiav lawv. Nws ua haujlwm ntau nrog cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, hauv nws cov lus, nws yog qhov zoo siab heev, qee zaum cov khoom npaj txhij txog tshwm sim uas piav qhia ntau yam los ntawm lub neej ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw. Yog tias koj paub thiab xav txog cov ntsiab lus, ces ib daim duab zoo kawg nkaus tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los. Qhov no yog raws nraim li ib tug historian yuav tsum ua. Ivan Tolstoy kawm cov ntaub ntawv nag hmo, uas inevitably ua rau hnub no.

Kev mus los ntawm Ivan Tolstoy

Ivan Nikitich yeej tsis tsim ib yam dab tsi. Tag nrho nws cov dab neeg tsuas yog los ntawm qhov tseeb. Nws tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txawj sib txuas cov lus tseeb rau hauv ib qho tag nrho - rau hauv keeb kwm. Sib piv cov lus tseeb. Thaum muab piv, ib zaj dab neeg nthuav tawm. Lub luag haujlwm nkaus xwb, hais tias Ivan Tolstoy, yog ua ib zaj dab neeg keeb kwm kom txaus siab uas nws tuaj yeem tsis mloog. Tab sis txhua tus tau nkag siab tias yog vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim, qhov kev sib txuas ntawm qhov no lossis qhov xwm txheej yog dab tsi.

Tus kws tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb, nws pom cov dab neeg zoo kawg nkaus rau nws cov neeg nyeem thiab mloog. Ivan Nikitich yog tus tswv tsev ntawm cov kev pab cuam, suav nrog Myths thiab Reputations. Tus sau ntawm cov kev pab cuam "Radio Liberty. Ib nrab xyoo saum huab cua. Tus sau thiab nthuav qhia ntawm cov kev pab cuam "History Journeys ntawm Ivan Tolstoy" thiab "Tus Saib Xyuas ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam" ntawm lub TV channel"Culture".

Nyob rau hauv nws qhov kev tshaj tawm, cov dab neeg uas tsis xav txog tag nrho txog tib neeg, kev ua haujlwm, cov xwm txheej tau tshwm sim. Ib tug connoisseur ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai, ib tug ci ntsa iab storyteller thiab ib tug incredibly erudite neeg. Nws tsuas nyiam nrog nws txoj kev mus ncig - hauv cov ntaub ntawv, hauv lub sijhawm.