Paul Frederick: biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Frederick George Paul yog tus kws sau ntawv keeb kwm Asmeskas txuj ci thiab kws sau ntawv. Nws txoj hauj lwm sau ntawv hla dhau 75 xyoo, los ntawm nws thawj zaug luam tawm paj huam nyob rau hauv 1937 mus rau nws phau ntawv tshiab Tag Nrho Lub Neej Nws Led (2011) thiab cov ntawv thiab sau ntawv luam tawm xyoo 2012.

Frederick Paul yog tus yeej ntawm ntau yam khoom plig muaj koob npe: Skylark, Hugo, Locus, Nebula, Forry, Milford thiab lwm yam. Hauv xyoo 1998 rau nws txoj kev koom tes zoo rau kev tsim cov ntawv sau keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb Tus kws sau ntawv tau los ua tus tau txais kev pabcuam. Science Fiction thiab Fantasy Hall of Fame. Hauv qab no yog phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Frederick Pohl thiab taug qab nws txoj kev muaj tswv yim.

Paul yug rau Frederick Paul thiab Anna Mason. Nws txiv tuav ntau txoj haujlwm, yog li ntawd tsev neeg tsiv mus ntau zaus. Raws li menyuam yaus, Frederick nyob hauv Texas, California, New Mexico thiab Panama Canal Zone. Thaum tus tub hluas muaj 7 xyoos, ob tug Paulus nyob hauv Brooklyn.

Frederick tau mus kawm hauv tsev kawm theem siab hauv Brooklyn, tab sis thaum muaj hnub nyoog 17 xyoo nws tau tawm mus, txiav txim siab tsom mus rau nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab txoj haujlwm - sciencefantasy. Nws yog qhov nthuav kom nco ntsoov qhov tseeb tias xyoo 2009 tus kws sau ntawv tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav los ntawm Brooklyn Technological University rau nws txoj kev tsim txiaj.

Raws li ib tug tub hluas, Frederick Pohl tau koom nrog Futurians hauv New York. Nyob rau theem no ntawm nws lub neej, nws tau ntsib cov neeg txawj ntse uas tau los ua nws cov phooj ywg tiag tiag: Donald A. Wollheim, Isaac (Isaac) Asimov thiab lwm tus.

Ua ntej tsov rog thiab tsov rog xyoo

Xyoo 1936, Frederick tau koom nrog lub koom haum koom siab. Nws qhia cov kev xav ntawm cov neeg ntseeg, tawm tsam kev ntxub ntxaug ntawm cov thawj coj fascist A. Hitler thiab B. Mussolini. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kos npe ntawm Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact ntawm Soviet Union thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees xyoo 1939, tog kab hloov pauv, thiab Frederik Pohl tsis tuaj yeem txhawb kev nyiam ntawm tog.

Txij lub Plaub Hlis 1943 txog Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1945 Povlauj tau ua haujlwm hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Tom qab ua tiav kev cob qhia hauv Asmeskas xeev Illinois, Oklahoma thiab Colorado, nws raug xa mus ua haujlwm hauv Ltalis.

Ua hauj lwm ua tus neeg sau ntawv thiab tus sau ntawv

Paul pib tshaj tawm thaum xyoo 30s lig, siv lub npe hu ua nws txoj haujlwm thaum ntxov. Nws thawj zaj paj huam, Elegy to a Dead Satellite: Luna, tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Elton Andrews nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov American science ntawv tseeb magazine Amazing Stories. Xyoo 1940, Frederik Pohl tau sau zaj dab neeg luv luv Ua ntej Lub Ntiaj Teb nrog tus kws sau ntawv Cyril Kornblat.

Paul pib nws txoj haujlwm sau ntawvtus neeg sawv cev hauv xyoo 1937, tab sis nws lub koom haum tsis tau txais kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm puv ntoob, thiab thaum ntxov 50s nws raug yuam kaw. Paul yog ib tug neeg sawv cev rau Isaac Asimov thiab lwm tus txawj sau ntawv. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1939 thiab 1943 nws yog tus editor ntawm Astonishing Stories thiab Super Science Stories. Cov dab neeg ntawm Frederick Pohl feem ntau tau luam tawm hauv cov ntawv xov xwm no, tab sis tus kws sau ntawv ib txwm siv cov npe cuav, tsis qhia nws lub npe tiag tiag. Hauv nws phau ntawv keeb kwm keeb kwm, nws tau sau tias nws ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm ua tus editor hauv xyoo 1941, nrog rau kev tawm tsam ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Soviet Union.

Txij thaum 60s mus txog rau xyoo 1969, nws yog tus editor ntawm lub npe hu ua tabloid magazines Galaxy Science Fiction thiab Yog. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-70s, nws kho cov dab neeg thiab txuas ntxiv nws txoj hauj lwm sau.

Tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, Frederick Pohl tau koom nrog kev sau ntawv ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd ua haujlwm hauv phau ntawv sau npe nrov Science. Tom qab tsov rog, nws pib tshaj tawm raws li nws lub npe.

Hauv xyoo 1970, Paul sau Man Plus thiab Heeche phau ntawv series. Frederick Paul phau ntawv "Gate" (Gateway) los ntawm "Heechee" series tau txais peb qhov khoom plig Asmeskas qhuas: "Nebula", "Hugo" thiab "Locus". Lwm nto moo tshiab ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, "Jam" (1980), yeej National Book Award.

Frederik Pohl cov ntawv sau tsis yog tsuas yog cov dab neeg luv luv thiab cov ntawv sau txog kev tshawb fawb, tab sis kuj yog cov ntawv rau cov npe nrov hauv ntiaj teb nontiaj teb cov ntawv xov xwm zoo li Playboy thiab Family Circle, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Rau qee lub sijhawm, tus kws sau ntawv yog tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Encyclopædia Britannica ntawm tus cwj pwm thiab kev ua ub no ntawm Emperor Tiberius.

Txij xyoo 1995 mus txog thaum nws tuag, Paul tau koom tes nrog James Gunn thiab Judith Merrill, ntawm lwm cov khoom plig zoo nkauj. Nthuav tej hauj lwm ntawm ib tug ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws American science ntawv tseeb sau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th - thaum ntxov 21st centuries: lub novels "Tus txiv neej Plus" thiab "Gate", cov dab neeg "Fermi thiab lub txias" thiab "Lub rooj sib tham", trilogy "Me nyuam ntawm lub Hnub qub", dilogy "Lub Cuckoo dabneeg".

Lub neej ntiag tug

Paul Frederick tau sib yuav tsib zaug. Nws thawj kev sib yuav tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Yim Hli 1940. Tus poj niam ntawm tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej yog Leslie Perry, uas, zoo li Paul, yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub neej Futurian. Kev sib yuav tau luv luv, thiab ob leeg sib nrauj nyob rau hauv 1944.

Lub Yim Hli 1945 hauv Paris, Frederick tau sib yuav Dorothy LeTina. Lub sijhawm no, kev tsov rog ntshav tau tshwm sim thoob plaws ntiaj teb, Frederick thiab Dorothy tau ua haujlwm ua ke hauv cov tub rog hauv Tebchaws Europe. Paul txoj kev sib yuav thib ob raug muab tshem tawm hauv 1947, thiab xyoo tom ntej nws tau sib yuav tus kws sau ntawv Judith Merrill, uas yug nws ib tug ntxhais, Ann. Paul thiab Merill sib nrauj nyob rau hauv 1952, thiab nyob rau hauv 1953 nws tau sib yuav Karol Mitkal Ulf, uas nws muaj peb tug me nyuam. Kev sib yuav rau Karol Mitkal raug muab tshem tawm hauv 1983.

Txij li xyoo 1984, Paul tau sib yuav nrog tus kws tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb, xibfwb Elizabeth Ann Hull, uas nws koom nrog kev nyiam.

xyoo kawg ntawm lub neej

Tus kws sau ntawv nto moo tuag rau lub Cuaj Hlis 2, 2013 thaum muaj hnub nyoog 93 xyoos, tso tseg txoj kev muaj tswv yim nplua nuj. Txog thaum nws tuag, tus kws sau ntawv Frederick Pohl tau ua qhov nws nyiam, uas nws tau mob siab rau feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej. Nyob rau hauv 2011, nws phau ntawv tshiab, Txhua Lub Neej Nws Coj, tau luam tawm. Xyoo 2012, Povlauj tau sau ntawv thiab sau ntawv. Thaum nws tuag, nws tab tom ua haujlwm ua kom tiav qhov thib ob ntawm nws phau ntawv keeb kwm, Txoj Kev Yav Tom Ntej Yog (1979).