2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Ib txhia Eastern sages thiab philosophers sau cia lawv cov kev xav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm quatrains. Nws yog ib yam dab tsi zoo li equations tending rau cov qauv tseeb, aphorisms. Rubai tau dhau los ua ib hom ntawv nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm Tajik-Persian paj huam. Dab tsi yog lyrical-philosophical quatrain thiab ua li cas nws cuam tshuam qhov kev muaj tiag nyob ib puag ncig? Cov keeb kwm ntawm cov paj huam no nplua nuj thiab ntau yam. Zoo, cia peb tham txog dab tsi rubaiyat yog, txog cov kws sau paj huam tseem ceeb uas ua rau lawv. Koj yuav kawm txog cov Eastern sages uas muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws uas tau sau cov paj huam philosophical thiab lyrical. Lawv txawj ntse, txawj ntse, txawj ntse, txawj ntse.
rubaiyat yog dab tsi?
Koj yuav tsum tau hnov txog oriental lyric paj huam xws li ghazal, qasida. Ib qho kev xaiv zoo sib xws yog rubai. Qhov no mysterious quatrain yog dab tsi? Nws tseem hu ua dubaiti los yog ram nyob rau hauv lwm txoj kev. Rubaiyat muaj plaub kab, ob lossis peb ntawm cov lus sib dhos. Qee zaum tag nrho plaub tuaj yeem sib dhoskab.
Cov quatrains no tau ua raws li Iranian qhov ncauj pej xeem kos duab. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm rubaiyat poob rau 9th-10th centuries. Hauv qab no koj yuav kawm txog cov neeg sau npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm rubaiyat txog kev hlub, lub neej, thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov paj huam no yog sau nrog philosophical thiab lyrical reflections.
Rubai txog lub neej ntawm Azerbaijani kws sau paj lug
Cov neeg sab hnub tuaj tsis tsa monuments rau poj niam. Tab sis ib tug ntawm lawv tau tsa ib lub monument rau nws tus kheej nrog nws immortal quatrains - Mehseti Ganjavi. Qhov no yog thawj tus kws sau paj huam Azerbaijani, niaj hnub ntawm Nizami zoo. Nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm, cov duab ntawm ib tug poj niam, ua siab loj thiab kev ywj pheej-hlub neeg ntxeev siab tshwm sim. Nws tsis tuaj yeem sawv tsis pom kev, kev siab phem, thuam cov nplua nuj, cov neeg nyiam mlom.
Tus uas yuav ua rau kev hlub mus ib txhis, Tsis txhob hais tias, "Kuv lub siab phem."
Kuv nrhiav tau tus khub tag nrho kuv lub neej.
Nws tig los ua kuv tus kheej ua pa.
Heiran-Khanum yog lwm tus neeg sau Azerbaijani ntawm rubai. Nws niam nws txiv yog aristocrats. Nws nyob tag nrho nws cov neeg laus lub neej nyob rau Iran, paub Persian, Arabic, nyiam cov ntaub ntawv classical oriental. Ntawm nws cov creations tsis yog rubais xwb, tab sis kuj gazelles, qasidas, muhammases.
Nkauj paj huam hais txog kev hlub tsis muaj nqis. Heiran Khanum tawm tsam kev phem, kev tsis ncaj ncees hauv zej zog, tsis muaj cai thiab kev tsim txom ntawm cov poj niam.
Lub ntuj yog txoj siv sia ntawm kuv txoj kev puas tsuaj, Lub kua muag poob yog cov dej qab ntsev ntawm hiav txwv, Paradise - kev kaj siab so tom qab mob siab rau, Ntiaj teb hluav taws tsuas yog qhov kev xav ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev tuag.
Life Poems of Omar Khayyam
Tus thawj coj ntawm rubaiyat hom yog Omar Khayyam. Hauv lawv, nws tau hais meej meej txog nws txoj kev xav hauv ntiaj teb. Muaj cov lus dab neeg hais txog tus kws sau paj huam zoo ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj, nws biography yog tag nrho ntawm secrets thiab mysteries. Nws tsis yog ib tug philosopher xwb, tab sis kuj yog ib tug lej, physicist, astronomer.
Muaj ntau qhov kev soj ntsuam hauv Khayyam rubaiyat, kev nkag siab tob txog lub ntiaj teb thiab tib neeg tus ntsuj plig. Lawv qhia qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm cov duab, kev zoo nkauj ntawm kev sib dhos.
Tus siab ntawm tus neeg, qhov siab dua qhov ntswg tig.
Nws ncav nrog nws lub qhov ntswg, qhov twg tus ntsuj plig tsis loj hlob.
Txoj kev ntseeg sab hnub tuaj coj tus kws sau paj lug. Omar Khayyam feem ntau xav txog Vajtswv nyob rau hauv nqe, tab sis tsis to taub tag nrho pawg ntseeg dogmas. Hauv rubaiyat, nws qhia tag nrho nws txoj kev xav thiab kev xav tsis thoob.
Ob tug tau saib ntawm tib lub qhov rais.
Ib tug pom nag thiab av nkos.
Lwm - nplooj ntsuab, lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub ntuj xiav.
Ob tug tau saib ntawm tib lub qhov rais.
Khayyam tau txhawb nqa los ntawm ntau tus kws sau paj huam. Ib txhia ntshai kev tsim txom rau kev ywj pheej, lawv thiaj muab lawv lub rubais tso rau Khayyam. Nws yog humanist, thawj qhov chaw nws muab ib tug neeg, nws lub ntiaj teb sab ntsuj plig.
YYam kom zoo nkauj tsis txhais hais tias yug, Vim peb kawm tau kev zoo nkauj.
Thaum tus neeg zoo nkauj ntawm tus ntsuj plig -
Yim zoo li cas thiaj phim nws?
Nyob rau hauv nws cov paj huam, tus neeg txawj ntse Khayyam hais txog qhov nws tsis tuaj yeem hais hauv cov ntawv dawb. Cov neeg niaj hnub nyeem cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb hais txog txiv neej, kev zoo siab thiab kev hlub.
Ntau zaus, ua yuam kev hauv lub neej, peb poob cov uas peb muaj nuj nqis.
Sim ua kom neeg txawv teb chaws, qee zaum peb khiav tawm ntawm peb cov neeg zej zog.
Peb qhuas cov uas tsis tsim nyog peb, tiam sis ntxeev siab rau cov neeg ncaj ncees.
Leej twg hlub peb heev, peb ua phem, thiab peb tus kheej tos tus thov txim.
Cov paj huam ntawm tus tsim ntawm Tajik paj huam - Abu Abdallah Rudaki
Txhais los ntawm Tajik Rudaki txhais tias "kua". Nws yeej suab thiab tau los ua tus tsim ntawm lub teb chaws paj huam. Nws tsis yog ib tug kws sau paj lug, tab sis yog ib tug neeg hu nkauj ntawm nws lub teb chaws, rhapsodist. Txawm nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, nws twb dig muag los ntawm ib tug ntawm cov viziers. Rudaki tau kawm lus Arabic thiab Kaulees zoo. Sij hawm dhau mus, nws pib ua tus thawj coj ntawm pawg kws sau paj huam ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Samanid cov thawj coj hauv Bukhara. Ces nws mus txog nws lub meej mom siab tshaj plaws. Muaj ntau tshaj 130,000 couplets thiab txog 50 quatrains nyob rau hauv nws piggy bank ntawm creations. Nws kuj sau paj huam "Kalila thiab Dimna".
Thaum lub caravan txav hla steppe, Nco tib txoj kev tshawb fawb:
Tsis txhob nqis rau hauv siab uas poob, Tau tus mob tes.
Rudaki tau sau tsis yog tsuas yog rau cov lus qhuas, cov ntsiab lus anacreontic, tab sis kuj xav txog tib neeg lub siab. Tus kws sau paj lug hu rau kev paub, kev tsim txiaj, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub neej. Nws zaj paj huam yog yooj yim thiab siv tau.
Kuv tus Vajtswv tsis ua rau kuv lwj.
Lawv xa pos thiab koob rau kuv.
Tsis nyiam tsis txaus siab, Prefers games.
Rubai ntawm Indian kws sau paj lug Babur
Cov teeb meem ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees thiab kev ua tiav ntawm sab ntsuj plig ntawm ib tug neeg tau kov rau hauv nwspaj huam ntawm Muhammad Babur. Nyob rau hauv nws rubaiyat, tus kws sau paj lug muaj tus cwj pwm zoo rau ib tug neeg, nws lub meej mom, nws tsis tuaj yeem sib haum xeeb nrog nws tus kheej, kev hlub tus kheej, kev ntshaw, kev xav tsis thoob. Babur hauv rubaiyat muab lus qhia rau tib neeg txog kev nrhiav pom qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees.
Ua tus kav Ferghana, nws tsim lub xeev hauv nruab nrab ntawm Baburids. Muaj ntau ntau yam paj huam hauv nws lub txhab nyiaj piggy. Hauv lawv, nws tau sau txog nws tus kheej lub neej, ib puag ncig thiab cov xwm txheej keeb kwm.
Koj nyob rau teb chaws txawv teb chaws - thiab, ntawm chav kawm, ib tug neeg tsis nco qab lawm!
Tsuas yog tus neeg siab dawb siab zoo nws tus kheej.
Nyob hauv kuv txoj kev mus ncig Kuv yeej tsis paub kev xyiv fab li ib teev!
Tus txiv neej ib txwm quaj ntsuag rau nws lub tebchaws uas nws hlub.
Babur txawj siv cov lus qhia feem ntau ntawm cov lus Turkic. Nws rubaiyat mob siab rau kev lis kev cai thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub sijhawm, kev ntseeg, kev hlub.
Kuv xav tau qhov kev zoo nkauj no, nws lub cev zoo nkauj, Kuv xav tau, Zoo lub hnub, uas nws lub teeb ci, xav tau.
Rau kuv, leej twg poob prostrate, lub tsev teev ntuj dawb huv tsis yog mihrab -
Nyob qhov muag, uas yog dub los ntawm tus poj niam, xav tau.
Hauv Babur txoj kev hlub nws nrhiav kev ncaj ncees, kev mob siab rau, kev ua nom ua tswv thiab tib neeg. Nws muab kev hlub tshaj kev nplua nuj, kev sib raug zoo, txhua yam khoom hauv ntiaj teb. Nws tus hlub yog zoo nkauj thiab zoo meej. Tus ntxhais muaj lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj, cov ntsiab lus nplua nuj sab hauv, sab ntsuj plig zoo tag nrho. Thaum sau lub rubaiyat, tus kws sau paj lug txawj siv thawj kos duab txhais tau tias.
Pom zoo:
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm paj huam hauv lub neej ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Poets hais txog paj huam thiab quotes txog paj huam
Dab tsi yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm paj huam hauv txoj hmoo thiab lub neej ntawm cov kws sau paj huam? Paj huam txhais li cas rau lawv? Lawv sau dab tsi thiab xav txog nws? Puas yog nws ua haujlwm lossis kos duab rau lawv? Puas nyuaj ua ib tug kws sau paj lug, thiab txhais li cas los ua ib tug kws sau paj huam? Koj yuav pom cov lus teb rau tag nrho cov lus nug no hauv kab lus. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov lus teb rau tag nrho cov lus nug no yuav muab rau koj los ntawm cov kws sau paj huam lawv tus kheej hauv lawv cov haujlwm
"Tus kws sau paj huam tuag" Lermontov nqe lus "Tus kws sau paj huam tuag". Lermontov muab rau leej twg "Kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj huam"?
Thaum xyoo 1837, tau kawm txog kev tuag ntawm kev tuag, lub qhov txhab tuag, thiab tom qab ntawd kev tuag ntawm Pushkin, Lermontov tau sau cov kev quaj ntsuag "Tus kws sau paj huam tuag …", nws nws tus kheej twb muaj npe nrov hauv kev sau ntawv. Muaj tswv yim biography Mikhail Yurievich pib thaum ntxov, nws cov paj huam romantic hnub rov qab mus rau 1828-1829
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm tus kws sau paj huam thiab paj huam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Lermontov. Lermontov cov paj huam hais txog paj huam
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm tus kws sau paj huam thiab paj huam hauv Lermontov txoj haujlwm yog ib qho ntawm lub hauv paus. Mikhail Yuryevich mob siab rau ntau yam haujlwm rau nws. Tab sis peb yuav tsum pib nrog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv lub ntiaj teb tus kws sau paj huam - kev kho siab. Nws muaj tus cwj pwm universal. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov no yog tus xaiv ntawm Lermontov tus hero, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, nws foom phem. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm tus kws sau paj huam thiab paj huam qhia txog kev sib tham ntawm tus tsim thiab nws cov neeg nyeem
Tshaj tawm zaj paj huam "Tus kws sau paj huam thiab neeg pej xeem". Analysis ntawm Nekrasov paj huam "Tus kws sau paj lug thiab cov pej xeem"
Kev tsom xam ntawm zaj paj huam "Tus kws sau paj huam thiab neeg pej xeem", zoo li lwm yam hauj lwm ntawm kev kos duab, yuav tsum pib nrog kev kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm nws cov creation, nrog rau cov teeb meem kev nom kev tswv uas tab tom loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd, thiab cov ntaub ntawv biographical ntawm tus sau, yog tias lawv yog ob qho tib si muaj feem xyuam rau txoj haujlwm