Ken Kesey: biography, tus kheej lub neej, tswv yim, tshuaj xyuas

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Ken Kesey: biography, tus kheej lub neej, tswv yim, tshuaj xyuas
Ken Kesey: biography, tus kheej lub neej, tswv yim, tshuaj xyuas

Video: Ken Kesey: biography, tus kheej lub neej, tswv yim, tshuaj xyuas

Video: Ken Kesey: biography, tus kheej lub neej, tswv yim, tshuaj xyuas
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Anonim

Asmeskas tus kws sau ntawv Ken Kesey tau ua qhov txuas tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tw ntawm xyoo 1950 thiab kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ntawm xyoo 1960, thiab nws txoj kev caij tsheb npav xyoo 1964 nrog ib pab pawg neeg tsis txawj tuag los ntawm Tom Wolfe hauv Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, Kesey yuav raug pom raws li ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb legislators ntawm lub counterculture txav ntawm 1960s. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum nws tseem yog menyuam yaus thiab tub hluas, nws txoj kev npau suav thiab kev ua tiav yog "All-American".

Biography

Ken Elton Kesey yug lub Cuaj Hlis 17, 1935 hauv La Junta, Colorado, rau Fred A. thiab Geneva (Smith) Kesey. Pib xyoo 1941, tsev neeg tsiv mus ntau zaus. Nws thiaj li nyob hauv Eugene, Oregon xyoo 1946. Tom qab ntawd Kesey piav txog nws tsev neeg tias yog cov neeg ua kev cai raus dej, ua kom muaj kev hwm Vajluskub mus rau neeg laus.

tus hluas KenKesey
tus hluas KenKesey

Ua ib tug tub kawm ntawv, Kesey tau koom tes nrog kev ua kis las, hauv tsev kawm theem siab nws nyiam kev sib tw. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau dai kom zoo nkauj scenery rau cov rooj sib tham thiab ua yeeb yam, sau sketches thiab txawm tau txais ib qho khoom plig rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws dramaturgy. Tom qab kawm tiav high school, Ken tawm ntawm nws txiv lub tsev thiab nkag mus hauv University of Oregon.

Raws li nyob hauv tsev kawm theem siab, Kesey yog ib tus tub ntxhais kawm nquag hauv University of Oregon, koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam, kev ua kis las, thiab kev sib raug zoo. Nws yeej qhov khoom plig hauv tsev kawm qib siab thiab tau sau ntau zaj yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov ntawv tsis tseeb rau cov chav kawm uas muaj los ntawm Dean Starlin. Kesey ib txhij nrhiav nws txoj kev hlub ntawm kev ua kis las, thaum kawg tau txais Fred Lowe Wrestling Scholarship. Stephen L. Tanner tau sau tseg hauv nws phau ntawv Ken Kesey tias "Nws cov phooj ywg tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab tias vim li cas nws nyob hauv pab pawg sib tw thiab koom nrog cov kis las," Thiab tau kawg, nws cov phooj ywg ntawm cov kis las tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab tias vim li cas nws thiaj koom nrog pawg ua yeeb yam.

Stanford

Kesey tau txais nws daim bachelor's degree hauv xyoo 1957 thiab rov qab los tsev los ua haujlwm hauv nws txiv lub lag luam mis nyuj rau ib xyoos. Nws tau txiav txim siab los ua ib tus kws sau ntawv, txawm hais tias nws lub neej yav tom ntej tseem tsis paub meej: ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm nws cov kws qhia ntawv, nws tau thov rau Woodrow Wilson Scholarship uas yuav tso cai rau nws mus kawm ntxiv. Nws daim ntawv thov raug pom zoo, yog li xyoo 1958 Kesey tau mus txog ntawm Stanford.

Kesey tau kawm sau ntawv nrog Wallace Stegner thiab Malcolm Cowley thiab ua tiav nws thawj zaug uas tsis tau tshaj tawm txog kev ncaws pob hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Kesey cov kws qhia ntawv hauv Stanford muabib qho tseem ceeb ntawm nws txoj kev sau ntawv, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg cuam tshuam los ntawm nws cov phooj ywg cov tub ntxhais kawm, nrog rau kev tawm tsam kev coj noj coj ua, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog qhov muaj koob npe nrov.

Ken Kesey tau mus xyuas lub zeem muag beatnik ntawm North Beach thiab nyeem cov haujlwm ntawm Jack Kerouac, William S. Burroughs thiab Cellan Holmes. Tag nrho cov kev xav no tsim lub hauv paus ntawm qhov tshiab "Zoo". Txawm hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tus tshaj tawm rau phau ntawv, Stanford muab nws $ 2,000 Saxton Award rau ib daim ntawv sau.

Acid test

kev nco qab nthuav kev sim
kev nco qab nthuav kev sim

Raws li ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Stanford, Ken Kesey xav tau nyiaj ntau heev. Nws tau tswj hwm kom tau txoj haujlwm ntawm Menlo Park Veterans Tsev Kho Mob rau Insane. Nyob ntawd nws tau ua haujlwm txij li xyoo 1959 los ua tus pabcuam kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab hmo ntuj. Nyob ntawd, nws tuaj yeem tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev sim uas nws lub hom phiaj yog los kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nco qab ntawm psychedelic xws li mescaline thiab LSD. Tsis tas li ntawd, Kesey tau cuam tshuam ntau nrog cov neeg mob ntawm lub tsev kho mob, feem ntau thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm hallucinogens. "Ib Flew Over the Cuckoo's Zes" Ken Kesey yuav sau raws li qhov kev paub no.

Txij li no mus, thiab ntau xyoo, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas siab puas ntsws yuav dhau los ua tus khub ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Xyoo 1964, Ken Kesey tau tsim ib lub koom haum hippie hu ua Merry Pranksters. Lawv tau npaj thawj qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj, uas txhua tus neeg uas xav tau raug muab "kev sim kua qaub" dawb, uas yog, siv LSD. Cov xwm txheej no tau nrog cov suab paj nruag nyob thiab teeb pom kev zoo thiab tau nrov heev. Nws paub tiasCov qhua nquag tuaj ntawm cov tog neeg no yog cov tswv cuab ntawm Hells Angels biker club (hais txog leej twg Hunter Thompson yuav sau ib qho tshiab ntawm tib lub npe) thiab tus kws sau paj huam Allen Ginsberg.

Zoo siab pranksters
Zoo siab pranksters

Nyob rau tib lub xyoo, Kesey tau txais lub tsheb npav qub, uas nws tau taug kev nto moo nrog cov tswv cuab hauv zej zog. Qhov chaw kawg yog International Exhibition hauv New York State. Txoj kev taug kev los ntawm Pranksters tsis yog tsuas yog tsim lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntawv tshiab los ntawm T. Wolfe, phau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws txog hippies raws li New York Times, tab sis kuj tau hu ua kev taug kev txawv tshaj plaws txij li kev sib tw Argonauts.

Xyoo 1965, Ken Kesey raug ntes vim muaj tshuaj txhaum cai, tab sis nws tau tswj hwm kev tua tus kheej thiab khiav mus rau Mexico. Txawm li cas los xij, 8 lub hlis tom qab nws rov qab los rau Asmeskas, qhov chaw nws raug ntes thiab raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj.

ntes Ken Kesey
ntes Ken Kesey

Kesey cov phooj ywg tsa nyiaj rau nws tso los ntawm kev qiv lawv tsev. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm txoj cai lij choj, tau kawm txog qhov no, muab tus kws sau ntawv cog lus: nws yuav raug tso tawm yog tias nws tshaj tawm cov lus hais txog kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws tsis yog qhov teeb meem yooj yim kiag li, raws li rau xyoo Kesey yog tus tswv tom qab tag nrho tiam neeg ntaus. Yog nws pom zoo rau lub tswv yim, nws yuav raug suav hais tias yog ib tug neeg ntxeev siab. Thiab yog tias nws tsis kam, nws yuav tsis mus kaw nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj hla txoj kev txi ntawm nws cov phooj ywg, uas tau raug tso tseg tsis muaj tsev nyob vim nws txoj kev ywj pheej.

Ken Kesey kawg siv 5 lub hlis hauv tsev kaw neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hais lus tau raug xa tawm, thiab Kesey raug tso tawm. Tom qab ntawd, nws tsiv mus rau thaj av uas nws tau txais qub txeeg qub teghauv Willamette Valley. Ntawm no nws yuav siv nws lub neej nrog nws tsev neeg.

Nyob rau xyoo tas los ntawm nws lub neej, Ken Kesey tau mob hnyav, nws tau dim ntawm kev mob stroke, nws kuj tau kuaj pom tias mob qog noj ntshav thiab ntshav qab zib. Tus kws sau ntawv tuag rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 10, 2001. Nws muaj 66 xyoo.

Ken Kesey hauv nws lub xyoo poob
Ken Kesey hauv nws lub xyoo poob

Lub neej ntiag tug

Kesey siv nws lub neej nrog Faye Haxby. Lawv khiav tawm hauv tsev ua ke tom qab kawm tiav. Txij thaum ntawd los, Faye yeej ib txwm nyob ze rau Ken, txawm hais tias lawv tsis tau sib yuav vim yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv cov kev xav. Nkawv muaj plaub tug me nyuam.

Faye Haxby
Faye Haxby

Creative legacy

Ntawm Ken Kesey cov phau ntawv, muaj 6 phau ntawv tshiab, ob qho uas tsis tau luam tawm:

  • Zoo (unpublished);
  • "End of Autumn" (unreleased);
  • "Ib tug ya hla Cuckoo lub zes"
  • "Qee lub sij hawm zoo siab" (kev xaiv kev txhais lus - "Lub Sijhawm ntawm kev nkag siab zoo siab" thiab "Qee lub sijhawm koj xav ua siab ntev");
  • "Sailor's Song";
  • "Kawm Kawg" (co-sau nrog Ken Babbs).

Nws kuj tau sau zaj dab neeg luv luv Thaum Cov Tubtxib saum ntuj tuaj, Lub Chaw Muag Khoom, Cov Ntawv Xov Xwm Hauv Tsev Loj, Tus Neeg dag thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Ntxiv.

Ib ya hla Cuckoo lub zes

Phau ntawv tau luam tawm xyoo 1962. Ken Kesey "Ib Flew Over the Cuckoo's Zes" coj koob meej, thiab dhau los ua kev ntseeg ntawm hippies thiab beatniks. Cov haujlwm no suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm ib puas phau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws sau ua lus Askiv, raws li Time magazine.

novel Over the Cuckoo's Zes
novel Over the Cuckoo's Zes

Qhov kev ua ntawm qhov tshiab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev kho mob puas hlwb. Cov lus piav qhia yog ua rau sawv cev ntawm ib tus neeg mob hu ua "Tus Thawj Coj" Bromden, uas ua txuj ua lag ntseg thiab hais lus. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm zaj dab neeg yog lwm tus neeg mob - McMurphy. Nws raug xa mus rau tsev kho mob los ntawm tsev lojcuj. Lub hauv paus tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog kev tawm tsam ntawm tus kws saib xyuas mob taub hau, Ratched Mildred, thiab cov neeg mob ntawm lub tsev kho mob, coj los ntawm McMurphy, uas niaj hnub ua txhaum txoj cai thiab incites lwm tus ua li ntawd. Nws tswj tsis tau tsuas yog npaj ib qho kev mus nuv ntses hauv hiav txwv xwb, tab sis kuj tseem coj cov niam ntiav mus rau ib qho chaw ua haujlwm.

Rau McMurphy nws tus kheej, txhua yam xaus rau kev tu siab: nws tau txais lobotomy. Tus thawj coj relieves nws ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau rub tawm lub neej txom nyem los ntawm strangling nws nrog lub hauv ncoo. Thaum kawg ntawm txoj haujlwm, cov neeg mob tawm ntawm phab ntsa hauv tsev kho mob.

Reviews

Hais txog Ken Kesey cov ntawv tshiab, kev tshuaj xyuas feem ntau yog qhuas, uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau phau ntawv nrog cov ntsiab lus nyuaj. Cov neeg nyeem ntawv tau sau tseg cov lus piav qhia zoo heev, uas tso cai rau koj kom hnov zoo li huab cua ntawm phau ntawv. Cov cim hauv nruab nrab kuj txaus siab rau kev nyeem ntawv tsis tu ncua. Cov teeb meem ntawm phau ntawv, uas cuam tshuam txog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm ib tus neeg nrog lub kaw lus, raws li cov neeg nyeem, tseem cuam tshuam tsis sib xws.

Monument rau Ken Kesey
Monument rau Ken Kesey

Ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm phau ntawv yog qee qhov kev ncua ntev, nrog rau txoj hmoo tu siab ntawm McMurphy thaum kawg ntawm phau ntawv. Rau qee cov neeg nyeem, nws txoj kev tuag yog qhov tsis txaus siab xav tsis thoob, thiab tseem tshuav ib qho qab ntxiag tom qabnyeem.

Kev tshuaj ntsuam

Ken Kesey's novel "Over the Cuckoo's Zes" tau tso tawm xyoo 1975. Cov yeeb yaj kiab tau coj los ntawm Milos Forman. Lub luag haujlwm lub luag haujlwm tau ua los ntawm Jack Nicholson (McMurphy), Will Sampson (Tus Thawj Coj) thiab Louise Fletcher (Mildred tus muam). Zaj yeeb yaj kiab tau tshwm sim thawj zaug ntawm Chicago Film Festival.

ya hla Cuckoo lub zes
ya hla Cuckoo lub zes

Zaj yeeb yaj kiab tau txais qhov txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib thiab cov neeg thuam. Nov yog zaj yeeb yaj kiab thib ob hauv keeb kwm kom yeej 5 Oscars ib zaug. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim duab muaj 28 lwm yam khoom plig.

Txawm li cas los xij, Kesey nws tus kheej tsis txaus siab rau qhov kev vam meej. Ntxiv mus, nws tau foob cov thawj coj rau kev cuam tshuam lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Hauv nws txoj kev xav, hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab, McMurphy tau yuam kev yuam kev rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb, thaum Tus Thawj Coj qhov tseem ceeb yog qib.

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