Artist Vasily Polenov: biography, creativity
Artist Vasily Polenov: biography, creativity

Video: Artist Vasily Polenov: biography, creativity

Video: Artist Vasily Polenov: biography, creativity
Video: MG Мария Фоминых и Кирилл Морозевич в гостях у детей 2012 года и младше на базе Chessmasterpro 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th yog lub hnub qub ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting. Ib tug ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub galaxy ntawm zoo heev artists ntawm lub sij hawm no yog Vasily Polenov, uas paintings amaze nrog realism thiab lub siab xav "muab kev zoo siab thiab kev xyiv fab." Cov lus kawg yog rau tus neeg pleev kob nws tus kheej thiab yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws txoj haujlwm thiab lub neej, raws li tau pom los ntawm tus kws kos duab biography.

Vasily Polenov paintings
Vasily Polenov paintings

Parents

yav tom ntej tus kws ua yeeb yam nto moo tau yug los rau hauv tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv xyoo 1844. Nws txiv, Dmitry Polenov, tau paub tias yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab phau ntawv sau keeb kwm. Niam, Maria Alekseevna, nee Voeikova, tau koom nrog painting thiab sau ntawv rau cov me nyuam. Nws yog tus ntxhais ntawm Vera Nikolaevna Lvova, uas, tom qab kev tuag ntxov ntawm nws niam nws txiv thiab ua ntej kev sib yuav, tau coj los rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm G. Derzhavin.

Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov siv nws thaum yau hauv St. Petersburg, tab sis nws tsev neeg feem ntau mus ncig lub caij ntuj sov mus rau Olonets Territory thiab mus rau Olshanka vaj tse. Tambov xeev, muaj los ntawm tus kws kos duab pog. Vera Nikolaevna hlub nws cov xeeb ntxwv thiab nyiam lom zem rau lawv los ntawm kev qhia epics, legends thiab fairy tales. Nws kuj tau paub zoo nrog cov paj huam Lavxias thiab European, yog li nws tau ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev tsim cov duab kos duab ntawm me Vasya. Raws li kev yug los ntawm nws txoj kev hlub rau kev pleev xim, nws niam tau koom nrog kev kos duab nrog cov menyuam yaus. Nws kuj tau hais tias nws tus txiv ntiav cov kws qhia ntawv rau Vasily thiab nws tus ntxhais yau Elena. P. Chistyakov raug caw los ua ib tug kws qhia ntawv, uas nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm nws kawm nyob rau hauv lub Academy ntawm Arts nws tus kheej. Ua ke nrog qhov no, tus tub hluas tau mus rau lub gymnasium thiab ua kom mob siab rau kev kawm.

Vasily Polenov biography
Vasily Polenov biography

Nyob rau xyoo kawm ntawv

Xyoo 1863, Vasily Polenov kawm tiav high school thiab, nrog rau nws tus kwv yau Alexei, nkag mus hauv St. Petersburg University ntawm Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Physics thiab lej. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hlub ntawm kev kos duab muaj zog dua li kev mob siab rau kev tshawb fawb, thiab thaum yav tsaus ntuj tus tub hluas tuaj koom Academy of Arts. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais hluas Polenov nyiam suab paj nruag, yog ib tug nquag tuaj xyuas lub tsev ua yeeb yam thiab txawm hu nkauj hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm hu nkauj ntawm Academy.

Tsis ntev tus tub hluas tau tawm ntawm tsev kawm ntawv thiab mob siab rau nws lub sijhawm rau pleev xim. Nyob rau hauv 1867 Vasily Polenov kawm tiav los ntawm Academy of Arts. Tib lub sijhawm, nws tau txais khoom plig nyiaj rau kev kawm thiab kos duab.

Tam sim ntawd, tus tub hluas rov mus kawm ntawv qib siab, tab sis hloov tus kws qhia ntawv thiab pib kawm txoj cai.

Ntsib nrog Repin

Hauv xyoo 1869, Vasily Polenov muaj lub siab xav tau txais txiaj ntsig kub ntawm Academy of Arts. Nrog qhov nonws lub hom phiaj yog pleev xim rau daim duab "Txoj hauj lwm thiab nws cov phooj ywg." Nws tau txais nqi zog me me thiab muab nws txoj cai mus txuas ntxiv hauv kev sib tw. Txoj hauj lwm tshiab yog los tsim cov duab "Kev Sawv Rov Los ntawm tus ntxhais ntawm Jairus", thiab Ivan Repin los ua tus neeg sib tw ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas artist.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tw yog qhov xav tsis thoob: ob tus tswv ntawm txhuam tau nthuav tawm cov haujlwm zoo heev, yog li pawg txiav txim tau muab khoom plig rau lawv cov khoom plig loj thiab mus rau Tebchaws Europe.

Polenov Vasily - ib tug artist
Polenov Vasily - ib tug artist

Xyoo 1872, Polenov Vasily Dmitrievich thiab Repin tau mus thawj lub tebchaws Yelemes, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau Ltalis thiab Paris. Lub peev ntawm Fabkis yog li fascinated tus kws kos duab uas nws txiav txim siab nyob ntawd. Nyob rau hauv Paris, Polenov pleev xim rau lub painting "Lub Arrest ntawm lub Countess d'Etremont", uas, tom qab rov qab mus rau Russia, nws twb muab tsub lub title ntawm kev kawm ntawv. Cov txuj ci ntawm cov neeg pleev kob tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg imperial. Nyob rau hauv 1876, nws tau txais txoj hauj lwm ntawm tsev hais plaub neeg pleev kob thiab mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab-Turkish ua tsov ua rog, qhov uas nws nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm Tsarevich Alexander..

moscow lub sijhawm

Rov qab los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm, Polenov Vasily Dmitrievich tau nyob hauv Moscow thiab pib qhia hauv Moscow Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Painting, Sculpture thiab Architecture. Nyob ntawd nws cov tub kawm yog I. Levitan, K. Korovin, I. Ostroukhov, A. Arkhipov, E. Tatevosyan thiab A. Golovin.

Tib lub sijhawm, tus kws kos duab nws tus kheej tau sau ntau, thiab xyoo 1877 nws nthuav tawm nws txoj haujlwm "Moscow Yard" ntawm 6th mus ncig ua si. Daim duab yog ib qho kev vam meej, thiab Polenov Vasily Dmitrievich tau lees paub tias yog tus tsim ntawm ib hom ntawv tshiab, hu ua los ntawm cov neeg thuam "kev sib raug zoo.scenery."

Vasily Polenov "Overgrown Pond"
Vasily Polenov "Overgrown Pond"

Lwm qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm Moscow lub sijhawm ntawm tus kws kos duab lub neej yog nws qhov kev txiav txim siab los koom nrog Wanderers, cov uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd nws muaj ntau tus phooj ywg.

Bible Themes

Phau Qub thiab cov dab neeg ntseeg txij thaum pib muaj nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm Polenov. Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav kev tshoov siab hauv xyoo 1881-1882, tus kws kos duab tau taug kev mus rau cov chaw hauv phau Vajlugkub, mus rau Middle East. Nws tau mus xyuas Constantinople, Syria, Palestine thiab Egypt. Los ntawm kev mus txawv tebchaws, tus kws kos duab Polenov Vasily coj sketches thiab sketches rau painting "Christ and the Sinner" thiab lwm yam hauj lwm, sau nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm qhov nws pom. Ib txhia ntawm lawv zoo siab Pavel Tretyakov, uas yuav paintings rau nws sau.

Image of Christ

Xyoo 1883, tus neeg pleev kob tau mus rau Ltalis nrog nws tus poj niam. Nyob ntawd nws tseem ua hauj lwm rau cov duab "Yexus thiab cov neeg txhaum", uas nws tau nthuav tawm rau cov pej xeem ntawm lub 15th exhibition ntawm Wanderers. Lub canvas ua rau tawg, thiab lub siab xav pom nws hauv nws lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Emperor Alexander III, uas nyiam tus kws kos duab txij li kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Turkish.

Vasily Polenov "Golden Autumn"
Vasily Polenov "Golden Autumn"

Hauv xyoo 1888, Polenov Vasily Dmitrievich tau pleev xim rau lwm cov duab nto moo ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv phau Vajlugkub - "Nyob rau ntawm Lake Tiberias (Genisaret)". Ntawm daim ntaub tshiab, nws rov piav txog Tswv Yexus - ib tug txiv neej nrog lub ntsej muag oriental thiab nrog lub ntsej muag ntawm ib tug neeg txawj ntse, tab sis tsis yog tus neeg raug tsim txom. Ntxiv mus, ib qho tseem ceeb "protagonist" ntawm daim duab yog toj roob hauv pes pleev xim raws li sketches ua los ntawm tus kws kos duab los ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv.lub sij hawm mus rau Middle East.

Lub neej hauv Bekhovo

Nyob rau xyoo 1890, Vasily Polenov, uas nws biography yog cov npe ntev ntawm kev ua tiav, txiav txim siab tawm hauv lub peev thiab tsiv mus rau thaj tsam Tula. Nyob ntawd, ntawm ntug dej ntawm Oka, nws ua ib lub tsev. Ib me ntsis tom qab, kev cob qhia tau txuas mus rau lub tsev loj, uas Polenov qhia kos duab rau cov menyuam yaus nyob deb nroog. Tus neeg pleev kob muab lub npe Borok rau lub tsev tsim khoom thiab pib siv zog los hloov nws mus rau hauv ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej pej xeem nyob rau lub sijhawm.

Polenov Vasily Dmitrievich
Polenov Vasily Dmitrievich

Vasily Polenov: "Golden Autumn"

Saib thaj chaw ntawm Borok yeej lub plawv ntawm tus kws kos duab. Nws yog lawv uas tau los ua lub ntsiab ntawm cov hauj lwm uas Vasily Polenov sau nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1890s. "Golden Autumn" occupies ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv. Lub canvas depicts lub ntug dej ntawm lub Oka, bordered los ntawm birch ntoo nyob rau hauv ci kho kom zoo nkauj. Cov duab yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej-tiaj vaj "Polenovo" (lub qub qub txeeg qub tes "Borok") thiab yog strikingly txawv los ntawm cov thaum ntxov toj roob hauv pes pleev xim los ntawm Vasily Polenov ("Overgrown Pond", "Old Mill", thiab lwm yam).

After 1917

Tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, Polenov tau koom nrog hauv kev teeb tsa lub voj voog ua yeeb yam hauv Borok vaj tse thiab ua haujlwm ntau nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas cov neeg ua liaj ua teb.

Tam sim no, nws tau pleev xim rau daim duab "Spill on the Oka", uas tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus kws kos duab lub sijhawm laus.

xyoo kawg ntawm lub neej

Nyob rau hauv 1924, nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm lub 80th lub hnub yug ntawm tus artist, tus kheej exhibition ntawm Vasily Dmitrievich cov hauj lwm tau teem nyob rau hauv lub Tretyakov Gallery. Feem ntau, tsoom fwv Soviet yoghaum rau tus artist. Tshwj xeeb, xyoo 1926 tus neeg pleev kob tau txais lub npe ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm RSFSR. Feem ntau, qhov no yog vim Polenov cov kev ua ub no thiab nws lub siab xav los pab rau pej xeem kev kawm nrog tag nrho nws lub peev xwm txawm tias lub sijhawm uas tsuas yog cov neeg tsis tshua muaj neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab txawj ntse tau koom nrog qhov no.

Lub Xya Hli 18, 1927, tus neeg pleev kob tuag. Tus kws kos duab raug faus rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm Oka, nyob ib puag ncig ntawm thaj av Borok tsim los ntawm nws.

Vasily Polenov
Vasily Polenov

Polenovo

Xyoo 1931, tsoomfwv Soviet tau txiav txim siab tsim lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Borok vaj tse. Nws tau renamed Polenovo, thiab cov interiors uas yog thaum lub sij hawm lub neej ntawm cov artist yog khaws cia rau ntawd. Nthuav cov xwm txheej kev coj noj coj ua niaj hnub muaj nyob rau ntawd thiab cov duab kos los ntawm tus neeg pleev kob nto moo tau nthuav tawm.

Tam sim no koj paub cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm V. Polenov thiab keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim qee yam ntawm nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb, uas yog cov masterpieces ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab zoo nkauj ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.

Pom zoo: