Mikhail Iosifovich Weller: biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv
Mikhail Iosifovich Weller: biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv

Video: Mikhail Iosifovich Weller: biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv

Video: Mikhail Iosifovich Weller: biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv
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Mikhail Iosifovich Weller yog tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias niaj hnub no, tus kws sau cov dab neeg "The Adventures of Major Zvyagin", "Rendezvous with a Celebrity" thiab ntau lwm tus. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm tsab xov xwm niaj hnub no yog lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv.

Mikhail Iosifovich Weller
Mikhail Iosifovich Weller

Tus phab ej ntawm kab lus no tau yug los xyoo 1948, hauv tsev neeg tub rog. Kamenetz-Podolsky yog lub hometown ntawm Mikhail Iosifovich Weller. Los ntawm haiv neeg, leej txiv thiab leej niam yog cov neeg Yudais. Zoo li txhua tus menyuam tub rog, tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej feem ntau hloov tsev kawm ntawv. Tsev neeg tsiv mus ntau zaus. Mikhail muaj kaum rau xyoo thaum nws txiv raug txib mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj.

Mikhail Iosifovich Weller phau ntawv
Mikhail Iosifovich Weller phau ntawv

Tawm mus ncig teb chaws

Weller kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv nrog ib qho khoom plig kub, thiab tom qab tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj kawm tiav, nws tau thov rau lub koom haum, rau cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab philology. Nws cov tub ntxhais kawm xyoo tau siv nyob rau hauv Leningrad. Mikhail Iosifovich Weller yog ib tug neeg nquag. Thiab qhov zoo no tshwm sim nws tus kheej twb nyob rau hauv kuv cov hluas.

Yog li, xyoo 1969, nrhiav kev taug txuj kev nyuaj, nws tau mus los ntawm sab qaum teb lub nroog mus rau Kamchatka, siv kev thauj mus los. Nyob ntawd nws nkag mus rau thaj tsam ciam teb los ntawm kev dag ntxias. Tom qab taug kev no, Weller thiabntawm tag nrho, kev so kawm ntawv, nws tawm mus rau Central Asia, qhov chaw uas nws taug kev rau ob peb lub hlis. Thiab cov kev xav no tsis txaus rau tus sau yav tom ntej. Nws tsiv mus rau Kaliningrad, ua tiav chav kawm thib ob ntawm tus neeg tsav nkoj thiab mus ncig ua si, thaum nws rov qab los nws txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv.

Tau ntau xyoo, Weller coj lub neej nyob ntsiag to: nws ua haujlwm ua tus thawj coj tho kev hauv lub caij ntuj sov camp, luam tawm cov ntawv sau hauv ntawv xov xwm.

Tus Kws Lij Choj

Mikhail Iosifovich Weller mob siab rau ntau xyoo los qhia. Tab sis kev ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug xib fwb nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv yim xyoo tsis haum nws saj. Xyoo 1973, nws tau tawm haujlwm thiab tau ua haujlwm ua tus neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv khw.

Mikhail Iosifovich Weller, uas yog tus kws tshaj lij ntawm tib neeg tus ntsuj plig, tau paub ntau txoj haujlwm hauv nws lub neej, tau mus xyuas cov chaw deb tshaj plaws ntawm lub tebchaws loj, sib txuas lus nrog tib neeg los ntawm ntau haiv neeg.

Tom qab nws dhuav txoj kev qhia, nws txiav txim siab kawm lub neej ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm yooj yim. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj ua hauj lwm me ntsis raws li ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm pob zeb, thiab tom qab ntawd tawm mus ua ib feem ntawm ib pab pawg neeg poob rau Kola Peninsula. Nyob ntawd nws tsis nyob ntev. Xyoo 1975, tus kws sau ntawv hluas Mikhail Iosifovich Weller twb nyob rau hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv xeev. Muaj ntau ntau qhov tseeb ntxiv hauv nws phau ntawv keeb kwm. Tab sis lub sij hawm zoo tshaj plaws hauv nws lub neej, oddly txaus, tus sau prose txiav txim siab lub hlis uas nws mob siab rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb ntshuam nyuj.

Veller Mikhail Iosifovich cov lus qhuab qhia
Veller Mikhail Iosifovich cov lus qhuab qhia

pib ntawm kev muaj tswv yim

Tom qab taug kev ntev, Mikhail Iosifovich Weller, uas nws cov phau ntawv tau luam tawm hnub no loj heevkev ncig, ua tsis tiav tau sim tshaj tawm tsawg kawg ob peb zaj dab neeg. Xyoo 1976, nws tau poob rau hauv kev sau ntawv, sau ntau tshaj kaum ua haujlwm hauv ob peb lub hlis xwb. Tab sis tsis muaj ib tsab txais lawv.

Nyob rau xyoo 1976, tus kws sau paj lug xav tau nkag mus rau Science Fiction Writers 'Seminar, coj los ntawm Boris Strugatsky. Weller tau tswj xyuas nws thawj zaj dab neeg hauv xyoo 1978. Lawv tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem uas nrov nyob rau hauv cov xyoo nrog lub Leningrad intelligentsia. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub chaw kho mob ntawm Neva magazine, sau tshuaj xyuas cov hauj lwm ntawm lwm tus kws sau ntawv.

Tus kws sau ntawv Mikhail Iosifovich Weller
Tus kws sau ntawv Mikhail Iosifovich Weller

In Tallinn

Ntau tshaj li ib xyoos tus kws sau ntawv tau nyob hauv Estonian peev, ua haujlwm ua tus neeg sau xov xwm hauv xov xwm hauv zos. Qhov kev tshaj tawm no hu ua "Cov Hluas ntawm Estonia". Tab sis txawm nyob ntawm no tus hero ntawm cov dab neeg niaj hnub no tsis nyob ntev. Dab tsi yog vim li cas rau nws tso tawm lub sijhawm no tsis paub. Txawm li cas los xij, nws paub tias tsis ntev no tus kws sau ntawv yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Cov Neeg Sau Ntawv 'Union ntawm Estonia. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov ntawm nws tej hauj lwm tau luam tawm nyob rau lub sijhawm no.

Recognition

Mikhail Iosifovich Weller, uas nws cov phau ntawv tau pib luam tawm hauv cov ntawv cais tsuas yog hauv 80s, tau sau ob peb zaj dab neeg ntxiv. Ntawm lawv yog "Reference Line". Cov hauj lwm no, nyob rau hauv uas tus sau thawj zaug sim formalize nws philosophical views, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm ib tug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv magazine. Tab sis ob xyoos tom qab, ib phau ntawv luam tawm, uas suav nrog tsuas yog Weller cov haujlwm - "Kuv xav ua tus saib xyuas." Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, phau ntawv tau muab txhais ua ntau hom lus. Qee cov haujlwm los ntawm kev sau tau luam tawm los ntawm Fab Kis, Italian thiab Dutch tshaj tawm.

Weller tau dhau los ua ib tus neeg nyeem ntau tshaj plaws hauv USSR. Bulat Okudzhava thiab Boris Strugatsky vouched rau nws tus kheej, yog li ntawd, Mikhail Iosifovich tau txais mus rau hauv lub koom haum sau ntawv.

Mikhail Iosifovich Weller niam txiv
Mikhail Iosifovich Weller niam txiv

Phau ntawv luam tawm xyoo 1988. Cov dab neeg uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub collection yog txawv los ntawm lawv clarity thiab brevity ntawm style. Cov neeg sau ntawv thuam tau ntev los ua cov haujlwm no rau cov neeg sau ntawv qub Lavxias ntawm xyoo pua 20th. Phau ntawv suav nrog cov dab neeg "Lus los ntawm", "Monument to Dantes", "Bermuda".

Rendezvous with a Celebrity

Phau ntawv tau luam tawm xyoo 1990. Nyob rau hauv nws, Mikhail Iosifovich Weller kov cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm nws biography. Cov niam txiv, cov menyuam yaus, cov tub ntxhais hluas xyoo ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, nws thawj cov kauj ruam hauv cov ntaub ntawv - koj tuaj yeem kawm txog txhua yam no los ntawm kev nyeem cov ntawv sau "Rendezvous with a Celebrity". Weller's style yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm philosophical thiab ironic yam ntawm narration. Ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm nws tus kheej biography, nws tsim ib daim duab ntawm ib tiam neeg - ib tiam ntawm cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov yeej, doomed nyob rau hauv tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub yeeb koob ntawm lawv txiv.

Rau tus phab ej ntawm kab lus no, kev sau ntawv yog ib hom kev muaj nyob. "Rendezvous with a Celebrity" yog ib qho ntawm cov dab neeg luv luv hauv kev sau ntawm tib lub npe. Thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no uas tus sau teb cov lus nug ntawm vim li cas nws thiaj li sau. Lwm cov dab neeg hauv kev sau: "Cov nuj nqis", "Guru", "Wrong Door", "Kitchen and Cooks", thiab lwm yam.

Nyob rau thaum ntxov nineties, Mikhail Iosifovich Weller tau qhuab qhia hauv Asmeskas cov tsev kawm qib siab. Tus kws sau ntawv no yogtus tsim ntawm thawj Jewish kab lis kev cai magazine nyob rau hauv lub USSR. Weller qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev muaj tswv yim sau ntawv hauv ntau yam ntawm nws cov haujlwm. Mikhail Iosifovich, tau kawg, mob siab rau nws cov lus qhuab qhia rau cov ntawv nyeem, tshwj xeeb, prose ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.

Yuav ua li cas sau memoirs weller mikhail iosifovich
Yuav ua li cas sau memoirs weller mikhail iosifovich

Kev lom zem ntawm Major Zvyagin

Ntuj tshiab tau tshaj tawm peb caug xyoo dhau los, tab sis tseem muaj teeb meem. Ib tug neeg qhuas Weller txoj haujlwm. Rau qee tus, cov ntawv tshiab no yog phau ntawv "nyob rau ntawm qhov tsis zoo." Raws li qee tus neeg thuam, tus kws sau ntawv lees paub cov tswv yim uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm tus nyeem ntawv (yog tias, tau kawg, nws ntseeg cov tswv yim no). Major Zvyagintsev yog tus zoo tagnrho hero raws li Weller. Moderately cynic, moderately moralist. Tag nrho cov ntawv luam tawm yog kwv yees li ib lab luam.

Zaj Dab Neeg

Nyob rau thaum ntxov nineties, phau ntawv "Legends of Nevsky Prospekt" kuj tau luam tawm, uas, nrog rau cov cim tsis tseeb, kuj muaj tus kheej lub neej. Biography Mikhail Iosifovich Weller kuj muaj xws li ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Denmark, qhov chaw uas tus sau ntawv kuj qhia nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. "Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Nevsky Prospekt" tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv ib tsab me me. Tom qab ntawd, phau ntawv tau luam tawm ob peb zaug thiab muab txhais ua ntau hom lus.

Mikhail Iosifovich Weller, uas nws tsev neeg tau nyob hauv tebchaws Ixayees txij li xyoo 1995, ua haujlwm rau qee lub sijhawm hauv ib lub tsev tshaj tawm hauv Yeluxalees, tib lub sijhawm qhia hauv tsev kawm ntawv hauv nroog. Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm cuaj caum, nws tau tawm mus rau Tebchaws Meskas, qhov chaw nws ua yeeb yam nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm New York,Boston, Chicago cov neeg tuaj saib. Lub sijhawm no, tus kws sau ntawv tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv tshiab Tus Neeg xa xov liaison los ntawm Pisa.

Cov lus dab neeg ntawm Arbat

Cov dab neeg luv luv suav nrog hauv phau ntawv no yog ua raws li cov lus dab neeg hais txog cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo, kws sau ntawv, cov nom tswv. Cov style ntawm kev ua hauj lwm yog reminiscent ntawm "Legends ntawm Nevsky Prospekt". Phau ntawv no, zoo li Weller lwm yam haujlwm, tau txais cov lus teb sib xyaw los ntawm cov neeg thuam. Kev kho kom zoo, qhov tseeb ntawm txhua kab lus yog qhov zoo rau "Legends of the Arbat". Cov dab neeg luv luv tau tsim, raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib qho ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv thuam, nyob rau hauv hom kev coj noj coj ua.

Phau ntawv muaj cov cim uas nws cov qauv yog cov neeg paub zoo heev. Lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau Weller txoj haujlwm yog deb ntawm kev txaus siab. Yog li ntawd, Nikita Mikhalkov hu ua ib tug lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub luv luv zaj dab neeg, nyob rau hauv uas tus sau qhia txog ib tug neeg ua yeeb yam los ntawm nws biography, hais lus phem. Tus tshaj xov xwm TV Posner kuj tau sim tsis lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm Weller txoj haujlwm.

Biography ntawm Mikhail Iosifovich Weller
Biography ntawm Mikhail Iosifovich Weller

Ua haujlwm los ntawm Mikhail Weller (2000s)

Yog tias peb tham txog phau ntawv uas qhia txog tus kheej lub neej tiag tiag, qhov tseeb, txawm tias qhov tsis zoo, yuav tsum tsis txhob muab zais. Yog li hais tias Weller Mikhail Iosifovich. "Yuav ua li cas sau ib tug memoir" yog ib tug luv luv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas tus sau muab cov lus pom zoo rau kev sau ib tug biographical ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hais txog kev sau "Legends of the Arbat", tus kws sau ntawv tau lees paub hauv kev xam phaj tias feem ntau nws tseem ua raws li cov lus tseeb (piv txwv li, zaj dab neeg luv luv txog Z. Tsereteli).

Cov haujlwm tshiab ntawm Mikhail Weller suav nrog cov phau ntawv “Tsis Yog RiamTsis yog Seryozha tsis Dovlatov", "Tsis Muaj Tsev Nyob", "Peb Tub Vaj Ntxwv thiab Khan", "Kuv Lub Lag Luam", "Makhno", "Hais Txog Kev Hlub". Cov neeg nyeem xyuas ntawm Weller phau ntawv kuj tseem sib xyaw. Cov ntawv sau "Hais Txog Kev Hlub" yog hu los ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm sib txawv ntawm kev sau xov xwm thiab kev thuam. Phau ntawv muaj ob peb tej hauj lwm me me, nyob rau hauv txhua yam uas muaj iab, thiab saib tsis taus, thiab poob siab. Tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm cov yam ntxwv no uas tau ua rau muaj kev npau taws ntawm lwm tus neeg nyeem, feem ntau yog poj niam txiv neej ncaj ncees, uas tsis txaus siab rau tus sau cov lus siv ntau dhau, tsis tsim nyog satire thiab cynicism.

tsis muaj tsev nyob

Muaj ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo txog txoj haujlwm no tshaj li phau ntawv "Hais Txog Kev Hlub" thiab cov ntawv sau "Legends of the Arbat". Cov kws sau ntawv feem ntau siv cov dab neeg ua tiav hauv lawv txoj haujlwm. Tus sau zaj dab neeg "Tsis Muaj Tsev Nyob", ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qhia txog cov kev xav ntawm tus neeg uas ib zaug tsis tau ntsib teeb meem nyiaj txiag, tab sis vim muaj ntau qhov laj thawj pom nws tus kheej hauv qab kev sib raug zoo. Phau ntawv yog sau nrog cov sijhawm tiag tiag uas tsis ib txwm ua rau cov neeg nyeem zoo siab. Tab sis xws li yog qhov peculiarity ntawm Weller style.

Tus phab ej ntawm phau ntawv "Tsis Muaj Tsev Nyob" ib zaug nyob hauv khoom kim heev. Nws tsav tsheb kim, noj delicacies. Tag nrho cov no nws muaj peev xwm them taus ua tsaug rau cov haujlwm raws li kev dag ntxias thiab kev dag ntxias. Tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi nyob mus ib txhis nyob rau hauv lub hli. Weller tus hero ib zaug tau them rau txhua yam. Tus sau tau nthuav tawm qhov kev xav tiag tiag ntawm tus phab ej, uas tsuas tuaj yeem nco qab cov khoom kim heev thiab kev lom zem uas nws yuav tsis muaj dua.

Publicism

Nyob hauv Michael cov phau ntawvWeller, muaj ob peb lub kaum os xov xwm ua hauj lwm. Ntawm lawv: "Cassandra", "Txhua Yam Txog Lub Neej", "Zaj Dab Neeg", "Russia thiab Recipes", "Lub Zog Evolutionism", "Cov Phooj Ywg thiab Hnub Qub", cov ntawv sau "Yuav ua li cas sau cov ntawv sau cia", uas twb tau hais saum toj no.

"Lord and Profession" kuj mob siab rau kev sau ntawv muaj tswv yim, thiab txaus siab rau ob qho tib si pib thiab cov kws sau ntawv paub txog. Txoj kev thorny ntawm tus sau prose yog kev cob cog rua, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, tsis yog ib txwm qab ntxiag clashes nrog critics, editors thiab publishers. Nov yog qhov uas tau tham hauv kev tshaj xov xwm ua haujlwm "Lo lus thiab kev ua haujlwm". Nyob rau hauv nws, tus sau qhia nws tus kheej kev paub, thiab kuj tau muab ntau yam piv txwv, tsom xam ntawm novels thiab cov dab neeg luv luv los ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws writers.

tus neeg xa xov los ntawm Pisa

Phau ntawv txawv txawv ua ke grotesque thiab social satire. Raws li cov neeg nyeem cov kev txheeb xyuas, nws nco qab Radishchev Txoj Kev Taug Kev los ntawm St. Petersburg mus rau Moscow. Lub cruiser hu ua "Aurora" tawm ntawm sab qaum teb lub nroog mus rau Moscow. Tus sau phau ntawv piav qhia txog cov teeb meem ntawm niaj hnub Russia, xws li kev ua tub sab, kev noj nyiaj txiag, kev lag luam poob nyiaj, cov zos tso tseg. Tus kws sau ntawv tau ua haujlwm ntawm Tus Neeg xa xov liaison los ntawm Pisa nyob rau xyoo kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Pom tau tias, tom qab muaj koob npe keeb kwm tshwm sim uas tshwm sim rau Xyoo Tshiab Eve, Weller yuav tsum tau hloov qhov xaus me ntsis. Li no qhov optimism ntawm qhov xaus ntawm zaj dab neeg, uas contrasts nrog lub ntsiab, es pessimistic ib feem.

Mikhail Veller paub tsis yog rau nws txoj kev sau ntawv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov lus thuam uas tshwm sim thaum ntxov 2017. Lub Peb Hlis, nws sib cav nyob nrogTV presenter on TVC channel. Ib hlis tom qab, nws tau nchuav dej los ntawm lub khob rau hauv tus tshaj tawm thaum lub xov tooj cua tshaj tawm. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, tus kws sau ntawv cov lus iab liam ntawm kev dag yog qhov ua rau ntawm qhov kev thuam. Hauv qhov thib ob, Weller poob kev tswj hwm ntawm nws tus kheej vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub xov tooj cua tus tswv tsev xav tias khob nws tawm ntawm nws lub siab.

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