Style thiab architecture ntawm Lavxias teb sab pawg ntseeg

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Thaum cov ntseeg tau txais kev ntseeg hauv Rome hauv lub xyoo pua 4th AD, thiab kev tsim txom ntawm nws cov neeg sawv cev tau xaus, cov tsev teev ntuj tau pib tsim. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, cov txheej txheem no tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev faib ntawm Roman faj tim teb chaws rau hauv ob feem - Western thiab Byzantine. Qhov no cuam tshuam txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pawg ntseeg kos duab. Nyob rau sab hnub poob, lub basilica tau dhau los ua dav. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, Byzantine style ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj architecture tau txais koob meej. Cov yav tas yog xav txog nyob rau hauv kev cai dab qhuas vaj tse nyob rau hauv Russia.

Type of Orthodox churches

Muaj ntau hom tsev teev ntuj architecture hauv Russia. Lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig tau tsim ua lub cim ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tus ntoo khaub lig ntawm Tswv Yexus yog lub hauv paus tsev teev ntuj. Nws ua tsaug uas cov neeg raug cawm dim ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm dab ntxwg nyoog.

Yog tias lub tsev teev ntuj thiab cov tsev teev ntuj sawv cev los ntawm lub voj voog, qhov no qhia txog qhov tsis muaj tseeb ntawm lub neej ntawm lub Koom Txoos.

Thaum lub tuam tsev raug tsa ua lub hnub qub yim taw, nws yog lub hnub qub ntawm Npelehees, uas coj cov Magi mus rau qhov chaw uas Yexus yug los. Lub architecture ntawm pawg ntseeg ntawm hom no yog ib lub cim ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tib neeg keeb kwmyog xam nyob rau hauv xya lub sij hawm ntev, thiab lub yim yog nyob mus ib txhis, lub Nceeg Vaj Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej. Lub tswv yim no tau tshwm sim hauv Byzantium.

Ntau zaus cov tsev teev ntuj ntawm Lavxias teb sab suav nrog cov tsev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nkoj. Nov yog lub tuam tsev qub tshaj plaws. Lub tsev zoo li no muaj lub tswv yim hais tias lub tuam tsev cawm cov ntseeg, zoo li lub nkoj, los ntawm lub ntiaj teb nthwv dej.

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Orthodox feem ntau yog sib xyaw ntawm cov hom no. Cov vaj tse kev cai dab qhuas muab cov voj voog, ntoo khaub lig thiab cov duab plaub.

Byzantine kab lig kev cai

Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj hauv 5-8th centuries, Byzantine style tau nrov hauv cov tuam tsev thiab cov tsev teev ntuj. Byzantine kab lig kev cai txuas ntxiv mus pe hawm ib yam nkaus. Nws nyob ntawm no tias lub hauv paus ntawm txoj kev ntseeg Orthodox tau yug los.

Lub tsev kev cai dab qhuas ntawm no txawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv Orthodoxy txhua lub tuam tsev qhia txog qee yam kev ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv txhua lub tsev teev ntuj architecture, tej yam kev mob tau pom. Piv txwv li, txhua lub tuam tsev tseem tshuav ob lossis peb feem. Rau feem ntau, Byzantine style ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj architecture tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov duab plaub ntawm lub tsev, xam lub ru tsev, vaulted ceilings nrog arches, ncej. Nws yog reminiscent ntawm sab hauv saib ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv lub catacombs. Cov style no kuj dhau mus rau hauv Lavxias teb sab architecture ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, saturated nrog ntxiv cov yam ntxwv nta.

Lub teeb ntawm Tswv Yexus tau tshwm sim nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub dome. Tau kawg, qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov tsev no rau catacombs tsuas yog dav.

Qee lub tsev teev ntuj - architectural monuments - muaj ob peb lub domes ib zaug. Orthodox cov chaw pe hawm ib txwm muaj hla ntawm lawv lub domes. Los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev saws me nyuam ntawm Orthodoxy nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv Byzantium, lub cross-domed lub tsev teev ntuj tau txais koob meej. Nws muab tag nrho cov kev ua tiav hauv Orthodox architecture uas muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd.

Cross-domed churches in Russia

Lub tsev teev ntuj no kuj tau tsim nyob rau hauv Byzantium. Tom qab ntawd, nws pib tswj hwm - qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 9th, thiab tom qab ntawd raug coj los ntawm lwm lub xeev Orthodox. Qee lub tsev teev ntuj nto moo tshaj plaws hauv Lavxias - architectural monuments - tau ua nyob rau hauv cov style no. Cov no suav nrog St. Sophia Cathedral hauv Kyiv, St. Sophia ntawm Novgorod, Assumption Cathedral hauv Vladimir. Tag nrho cov no luam St. Sophia Cathedral nyob rau hauv Constantinople.

Rau feem ntau, Lavxias keeb kwm ntawm architecture yog raws li pawg ntseeg. Thiab cov ntoo khaub lig-domed yog nyob rau hauv thawj lub luag hauj lwm ntawm no. Tsis yog txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov style no muaj nyob hauv Russia. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov piv txwv ntawm cov tsev qub yog ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-domed.

Kev tsim kho ntawm hom no tau hloov pauv kev nco qab ntawm cov neeg Lavxias thaum ub, ua rau lawv xav txog qhov tob ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm Byzantine pawg ntseeg tau khaws cia, cov tsev teev ntuj ua hauv Russia txij thaum ub muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb.

White stone rectangular churches in Russia

Hom no ze tshaj plaws rau Byzantine variations. Xws li cov tsev yog ua raws li ib lub xwmfab, uas yog ua tiav los ntawm lub thaj nrog semicircular apses, domes ntawm lub ru tsev. Spheres ntawm no yog hloov nrog lub kaus mom zoo li txheejdomes.

Muaj plaub tus ncej nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov tsev me me ntawm hom no. Lawv ua hauj lwm pab txhawb lub ru tsev. Qhov no yog tus cwj pwm ntawm cov evangelists, plaub lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tsev no muaj 12 thiab ntau tus ncej. Lawv tsim cov cim ntawm tus ntoo Khaublig, faib lub tuam tsev ua cov cim.

Cov tuam tsev ntoo hauv tebchaws Russia

Nyob rau hauv lub 15th-17th centuries, ib tug kiag li peculiar style ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm kev cai dab qhuas vaj tse nyob rau hauv Russia, uas yog radically txawv los ntawm nws cov Byzantine counterparts.

Lub tsev vaj tse nrog lub ntsej muag semicircular apses tshwm. Qee zaum lawv yog pob zeb dawb, thiab qee zaum cib. Cov phab ntsa yog surrounded los ntawm crevices. Lub ru tsev yog xam, domes nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm domes los yog qhov muag teev tau muab tso rau nws.

Cov phab ntsa tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov khoom tiav, qhov rais nrog cov pob zeb carvings, cov nplais platbands. Lub tswb pej thuam tau muab tso rau ze ntawm lub tuam tsev lossis saum nws lub narthex.

Ntau yam tshwj xeeb ntawm Lavxias architecture tshwm sim lawv tus kheej hauv cov ntoo architecture ntawm Russia. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, lawv manifested lawv tus kheej vim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tsob ntoo. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los tsim cov duab du ntawm lub dome los ntawm cov laug cam. Vim li no, hauv cov tsev teev ntuj ntoo, nws tau hloov los ntawm lub tsev pheeb suab taw. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho lub tsev coj mus rau qhov tsos ntawm lub tsev pheeb suab ntaub. Qhov no yog li cas cov tuam tsev tshwj xeeb tau tshwm sim, uas tsis muaj qhov sib piv hauv ntiaj teb - cov tsev teev ntuj ua los ntawm cov ntoo hauv daim ntawv loj taw ntoo cones. Cov tuam tsev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj Kizhi paub, uas yog cov neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv no.

pob zeb tsev teev ntuj hauv tebchaws Russia

Tsis ntev, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj ntoo cuam tshuam rau pob zeb architecture. Pob zeb tented tuam tsev tau tshwm sim. Qhov kev ua tiav siab tshaj plaws hauv cov qauv no yog Intercession Cathedral hauv Moscow. Nws yog lub npe hu ua St. Basil's Cathedral. Lub tsev zoo nkauj no rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 16th.

Qhov no yog tus qauv ntoo khaub lig. Tus ntoo khaub lig yog tsim los ntawm plaub lub tsev teev ntuj loj, uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv paus - lub thib tsib. Qhov kawg yog square thaum lwm tus yog octagonal.

Lub tsev pheeb suab style tau nrov rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, cov tub ceev xwm txwv tsis pub tsim cov vaj tse zoo li no. Lawv raug kev ntxhov siab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv txawv ntawm cov tuam tsev nkoj loj heev. Hip architecture yog tshwj xeeb, nws tsis muaj analogues nyob rau hauv tej kab lis kev cai ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

New stylistic forms

Cov tsev teev ntuj Lavxias tau txawv los ntawm lawv qhov sib txawv hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj, kos duab, thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Cov yeeb yuj glazed vuas tau ua tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, baroque ntsiab pib dominate. Naryshkin baroque raws li txhua yam ntawm symmetry, ua tiav ntawm ntau-tiered compositions.

Cov creation ntawm lub peev lub architects ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th - O. Startsev, P. Potapov, Y. Bukhvostov thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm tus neeg sawv sib nrug. Lawv yog ib co harbiners ntawm lub era ntawm Peter txoj kev hloov kho.

Kev hloov pauv ntawm tus huab tais no cuam tshuam, ntawm lwm yam, kev coj ua vaj tsev ntawm lub tebchaws. Lub architecture ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th nyob rau hauv Russia tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev zam ntawm Western Europe. Muaj kev sim ua kom tiav qhov sib npaug ntawm Byzantine kab lig kev cai thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab stylistic. Qhov no yog reflected nyob rau hauv architecture. Trinity-Sergius Lavra, uas ua ke cov kab lig kev cai ntawm ancient sij hawm thiab cov tiam tshiab.

Thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm Smolny Monastery hauv St. Petersburg, Rastrelli tau txiav txim siab los xav txog Orthodox kab lig kev cai hauv kev tsim vaj tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov organic ua ke tsis ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, kev txhawb siab ntawm kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv architecture ntawm Byzantine era pib. Nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th uas tau sim ua kom rov qab mus rau medieval Lavxias teb sab architectural kab lig kev cai.

Church of Intercession on the Nerl

Lub ntiaj teb nto moo architecture ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Sib Koom Tes ntawm Nerl. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau nws lub teeb, lightness, nws yog ib tug tiag tiag masterpiece ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Vladimir-Suzdal architectural. Kev tshav ntuj, manifested nyob rau hauv lub architecture ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Intercession ntawm lub Nerl, los ua tau vim yog lub zoo meej ua ke ntawm lub tsev nrog ib puag ncig - Lavxias teb sab xwm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub tuam tsev tau suav nrog hauv UNESCO cov npe ntawm lub ntiaj teb monuments.

Lub tsev qhia txog txoj kev mus rau Vajtswv, thiab txoj kev mus rau nws yog ib yam ntawm kev mus ncig. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub tsev teev ntuj yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm Andrei Bogolyubsky. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1165, nws yog ib tug memorial rau tus huab tais tus tub Izyaslav. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv tsov rog nrog lub Volga Bulgaria. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, cov pob zeb dawb tau coj tuaj ntawm no los ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm Bulgar swb.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais tias cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Kev Sib Koom Tes ntawm Nerl muaj ntau qhov kev sib piv ntawm lub tsev no nrog ib tug swan dawb ntab saum dej. Nov yog tus nkauj nyab sawv ntawm lub thaj.

Los ntawm lub tsev ncaj qha los ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th, muaj ib lub xwmfab - lub cev pob txha taub hau. Tag nrho cov sotau raug puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm. Kev kho dua tshiab tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 19th.

Cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj vaj tsev ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Sib Koom Tes ntawm Nerl muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov verticality ntawm phab ntsa. Tab sis vim qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas, lawv saib slanted, vim qhov pom ntawm qhov muag pom, lub tsev zoo li siab dua qhov tseeb.

Lub tsev teev ntuj muaj qhov yooj yim, tsis muaj frills sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj. Cov frescoes raug tsoo tawm ntawm phab ntsa thaum xyoo 1877 kho dua tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ib qho iconostasis nrog cov cim.

Muaj ntau cov phab ntsa nyem tawm ntawm sab nrauv. Muaj cov duab hauv phau Vajlugkub, noog, tsiaj txhu, kuj muaj qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog Vajntxwv Davi, uas nyeem cov nkauj. Ntawm nws sab yog tsov ntxhuav, tus personification ntawm nws lub hwj chim. Nyob ze muaj ib tug nquab - lub cim ntawm sab ntsuj plig.

Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Ascension hauv Kolomenskoye

Thawj lub tsev pheeb suab hauv lub tuam tsev hauv tebchaws Russia yog lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Ascension hauv Kolomenskoye. Nws architecture qhia txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm Renaissance. Nws tau tsa los ntawm Vasily III nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm yug los ntawm nws cov qub txeeg qub teg, Tsar Ivan IV qhov txaus ntshai.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Ascension tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub crucifiform zoo ntawm lub tsev, uas hloov mus rau hauv ib tug octagon. Ntawm nws, nyob rau hauv lem, rests ib lub tsev pheeb suab loj. Nws overshadows sab hauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Nws yog noteworthy tias tsis muaj tus ncej hauv nws. Lub tuam tsev, txawv los ntawm kev nthuav qhia ntawm lub silhouette, yog ib puag ncig los ntawm ib lub gallery, uas muaj stairways. Lawv raug tua heev.

Lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ntau yam ntxiv,uas migrated no los ntawm Renaissance. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj ntau yam nta ntawm Gothic. Italian cib, kev sib txuas ntawm lub tsev nrog lub centric daim ntawv ntawm lub tuam tsev ntawm ltalis muab ib tug hint tias qhov project no yog tsim los ntawm ib tug Italian architect uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Vasily III. Cov ntaub ntawv tseeb txog tus sau tsis tau khaws cia rau hnub no, tab sis, raws li kev xav, nws yog Petrok Malaya. Nws yog nws uas yog tus sau lub Koom Txoos ntawm Ascension nyob rau hauv Moscow Kremlin, cov phab ntsa thiab yees ntawm Kitay-gorod.

pawg ntseeg Pskov-Novgorod

Ntxiv rau qhov kev faib thoob ntiaj teb uas tau lees paub, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias architecture hauv txhua tus thawj tswj hwm tau txais nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Tsis muaj ib qho qauv dawb huv hauv kev kos duab ntawm architecture, thiab qhov kev faib tawm no tsuas yog muaj cai xwb.

Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb hauv qab no tau tshwm sim hauv architecture ntawm Novgorod: feem ntau cov tuam tsev ntawm no muaj tsib lub domes, tab sis kuj muaj cov tsev nrog ib lub dome. Lawv cov duab yog cubic. Lawv tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog arches thiab daim duab peb sab.

Vladimir-Suzdal pawg ntseeg

Architecture tau vam meej ntawm no thaum lub sijhawm Andrei Bogolyubsky thiab Vsevolod III. Tom qab ntawd cov tsev teev ntuj nrog lub palace raug tsa ntawm no. Lawv qhuas lub peev ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm. Pob zeb tau txawj ua tiav ntawm no, cov tswv yim los ntawm cov ntoo architecture tau siv.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 12th, thawj cov tsev ua los ntawm cov pob zeb zoo nkauj zoo nkauj - limestone sawv ntawm no. Cov feem ntau ancient ntawm lawv tau yooj yim decorations. Cov qhov rais hauv cov tuam tsev tau nqaim, lawv zoo li cov qhov khoob ntawm qhov khoob dua qhov rais. Los ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th, kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj nrog cov pob zeb carvings pib. Qee zaum hauvNws qhia txog cov dab neeg dab neeg, qee zaum - Scythian "tsiaj style". Romanesque influences kuj tau sau tseg.

Kyiv-Chernihiv churches

Lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub hauv paus tseem ceeb no qhia txog keeb kwm keeb kwm monumental. Nws tau muab faib ua architecture ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj thiab ntauwd zoo li ib hom ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj cathedral muaj ib ncig qhov chaw, lub uniformity ntawm lub atherosclerosis ntawm facade faib. Lub architecture ntawm hom no yog heev figurative, lub symbolism yog complex. Feem ntau, cov tuam tsev ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm no yog sawv cev los ntawm cov tsev hais plaub hauv princely.

Smolensk-Polotsk pawg ntseeg

Thaum Smolensk architecture nyuam qhuav tsim, tseem tsis tau muaj tus kws kos duab tiag tiag ntawm no. Feem ntau yuav, thawj lub tsev ntawm no tau tsa ua tsaug rau kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg ntawm Kiev los yog Chernigov. Hauv Smolensk cov tuam tsev muaj ntau yam cim ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov cib. Qhov no qhia tau tias, feem ntau yuav, cov neeg nyob hauv Chernihiv tau tso lawv cov cim ntawm no.

Lub nroog architecture ntawm cov nroog no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws txoj kev, uas hais txog qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th lawv twb muaj lawv tus kheej architects.

Smolensk architecture tau nrov hauv Russia. Architects los ntawm no tau raug hu mus rau ntau lwm yam ancient Russia. Lawv kuj tau tsim cov tsev hauv Novgorod, uas yog qhov chaw loj tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws. Tab sis qhov kev nce siab no tau luv luv - nws kav 40 xyoo. Qhov tseeb yog tias xyoo 1230 muaj kev sib kis tau tshwm sim, tom qab ntawd qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev nom kev tswv hauv nroog tau hloov pauv loj heev. Qhov no xaus txoj haujlwm ntawm cov kws kos duab hauv zos.

YGodunov style

Lub Tuam Tsev hauv cov qauv ntawm Godunov cov classicism yog cov qauv sib cais. Cov no yog cov tsev teev ntuj ua hauvLub sij hawm thaum Boris Godunov (1598-1605) zaum ntawm lub zwm txwv ntawm Russia. Tom qab ntawd cov tswv yim hauv tsev tau canonized, xav txog qhov sib luag thiab compactness ntawm cov tsev.

Ntxiv rau, cov khoom lag luam Italian tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam. Lavxias teb sab style tau hloov mus ua canonized nyob rau hauv Italian yam.

Ntau yam qauv tau txo qis. Tab sis kev sib koom ua ke ntawm stylistic tau los ua ntej. Qhov no manifested nws tus kheej tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Moscow, tab sis thoob plaws hauv Russia.

Patterned

Notable yog style hu ua patterned. Nws tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws yog characterized los ntawm intricate cov ntaub ntawv, décor, complex compositions. Silhouettes nyob rau hauv no style yog txawv txawv picturesque. Tus qauv yog txuam nrog cov hauv paus hniav pagan thiab lub sijhawm Renaissance hauv Ltalis.

Rau qhov feem ntau, cov tsev nyob rau hauv cov style no yog cov tsev teev ntuj nrog kaw vaults, tsis muaj ncej thiab siab refectories. Lub npog hauv lawv yog tsev pheeb suab ntaub. Sab hauv yog txawv txawv ntawm cov xim ornaments. Muaj ntau yam décor hauv.

Stroganov cov tuam tsev

Churches ua hauv Stroganov style kuj tau txais koob meej. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 17th thiab 18th centuries. Qhov style no tau txais nws lub npe ua tsaug rau G. Stroganov, txij li nws yog nws uas tau xaj cov tsev no. Ntawm no cov tsoos tsib-lub taub hau silhouette tshwm. Tab sis dhau nws yog baroque décor.

Totem Style

Baroque, uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej kom meej meej nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, kuj tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Lavxias teb sab qaum teb. Tshwj xeeb, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ze Vologda - Totma. Lub uniqueness ntawm lub architecture ntawm nws lub tsev coj mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm "Totem Baroque". Cov style no tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo pua 18th,twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej muaj tsawg kawg yog 30 lub tuam tsev ua nyob rau hauv no style. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo pua, ntau ntawm lawv tau rebuilt. Tam sim no, lawv feem ntau raug puas tsuaj los yog nyob hauv qhov tsis zoo. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov style no tau txais yuav thaum lub caij hiav txwv voyages ntawm cov tub lag luam hauv zos. Lawv yog cov neeg hauv pawg ntseeg no.

Ustyug style

Ib qho ntawm qhov chaw pe hawm ntxov tshaj plaws hauv Veliky Ustyug yog cov tsev uas rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 17th. Nws yog lub sijhawm ntawd lub hauv paus ntawm pob zeb architecture pib tshwm ntawm no. Lub heyday ntawm architectural style ntawm cheeb tsam no tuaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th. Kev tsim kho txuas ntxiv nrog nws cov yam ntxwv rau me ntsis dhau 100 xyoo. Lub sijhawm no, ntau tus kws tsim vaj tsev hauv nroog tau tshwm sim hauv Veliky Ustyug, uas tau txawv los ntawm lawv cov txuj ci zoo thiab kev txawj ntse uas tsis tau muaj dua. Lawv tau tso tseg ntau lub koom txoos tshwj xeeb. Thaum xub thawj, tsib-domed tuam tsev nrog sab chapels muaj ntau. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, cov tuam tsev uas muaj qhov ntev ntev tau txais kev nyiam.

Ural temples

Ural architectural style tsim nyog hais tshwj xeeb. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm Peter lub Great. Nws mob siab rau kev hloov pauv, suav nrog hauv architecture. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm no style tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tsib lub domes ntawm ib tug tier hauv paus. Rau feem ntau, nws qiv cov yam ntxwv ntawm Baroque thiab Classicism. Nyob rau hauv lub nroog Ural, cov tsev nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm ancient Lavxias teb sab architecture yog feem ntau tsim. Qhov no qhia txog qhov txawv ntawm Ural architecture.

Siberian style

Cov kab lig kev cai niaj hnub tshwm sim hauv lawv txoj hauv kev hauv Siberianstyle. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, lub peculiarities ntawm climatic tej yam kev mob ntawm lub cheeb tsam nws tus kheej manifested lawv tus kheej ntawm no. Craftsmen tsim lawv tus kheej lub zeem muag tshwj xeeb ntawm Siberian cov tsev kawm ntawv niaj hnub - Tyumen, Tomsk, Omsk, thiab lwm yam. Lawv tau tsim lawv tus kheej cim cim ntawm cov monuments ntawm Lavxias teb sab architecture.