Tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias Daniil Granin: biography, creativity, duab

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Hnub no peb yuav tham txog tus kws sau ntawv nto moo xws li Daniil Granin. Nws biography, nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, piav qhia txog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm nws lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm.

Daniil Alexandrovich Granin yug rau Lub Ib Hlis 1, 1919. Tus kws sau ntawv niam txiv yog neeg hav zoov German Alexander Danilovich thiab nws tus poj niam Anna Bakirovna. Daniyee lub tebchaws yog thaj av Kursk, lub zos Volyn. Txog qhov twg tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias Daniil Aleksandrovich Granin yug, txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib haum xeeb. Qee qhov chaw hu ua lub zos nyob hauv thaj av Kursk, thaum lwm tus qhia tias nws yug hauv Saratov. Nws lub npe tiag tiag yog German. Thaum pib ntawm nws txoj haujlwm sau ntawv, tus kws sau ntawv tau siv lub npe Daniil Granin.

Ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav txuas ntxiv peb zaj dab neeg.

Tsiv mus rau Leningrad, kawm ntawm Polytechnic Institute

Daniil yog tus menyuam hlob hauv tsev neeg. Tsis ntev tom qab nws mus kawm ntawv, nws niam tsiv nrog nws mus rau Leningrad. Daniil German kawm tiav los ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, nyob ntawm txoj kevMokhova, thiab ces nkag mus rau lub koom haum Polytechnic. Nws yog nyob rau hauv "polytechnic" uas nws pib sim nws txhais tes ua ib tug kws sau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub magazine "Rezets" nyob rau hauv 1937, 2 ntawm nws debut tej hauj lwm tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv 1941, Daniil Aleksandrovich kawm tiav los ntawm lub Kalinov Polytechnic lub koom haum nyob rau hauv Leningrad.

Kev pab tub rog

Thaum kawg ntawm nws txoj kev kawm, tus kws sau ntawv Daniil Granin tau ua haujlwm ntawm Kirov Cog ua tus kws tshaj lij ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom. Thaum lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog pib, Daniil Alexandrovich mus nrog cov neeg lub militias ntawm lub Hoobkas ua hauj lwm rau cov tub rog. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv Leningrad, nws tau ua tub rog ua haujlwm pab dawb. Granin tau tawm tsam ntawm B altic pem hauv ntej. Nws tau ntsib yeej hauv East Prussia, twb tau txib ib lub tuam txhab ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hnyav.

Ntau txog Granin cov kab pem hauv ntej

Tus Sau Daniil Alexandrovich Granin tau tawm tsam ntawm thaj chaw uas tam sim no yog ib feem ntawm thaj av Kaliningrad. Tom qab tsov rog pib, nws mus rau cov neeg ua tub rog, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau cov tub rog. Granin tau tawm tsam hauv cov tub rog tank thiab infantry kom txog thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1944.

Tus kws sau ntawv, tham txog nws txoj hauv ntej, sau tseg tias hauv nws phau ntawv keeb kwm tsis muaj tub rog taug kev hauv Tebchaws Europe. Nws tau koom nrog hauv kev tshem tawm ntawm pawg Courland, tawm tsam hauv Koenigsberg, hauv B altic. Muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav nrog kev poob hnyav. Thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, nws ua tsis tiav tau sim nrhiav cov phooj ywg los ntawm nws lub tuam txhab. Granin txawm mus rau cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov qub tub rog ntawm cov tub rog tank, tab sis yuav luag tsis muaj leej twg los sib sau ua ke hauv nws tus kheej tub rog. Hauv ib qho kev sib tham, tus kws sau ntawv sau tseg tias "los ntawm kev sib tsoo zoo kawg"Nws yog rau nws kom ciaj sia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov tub rog nyob rau hauv 1941. Cov tub rog Lavxias tom qab ntawd raug kev puas tsuaj loj. Daniil Alexandrovich tsis tau kov cov ntsiab lus tub rog hauv nws txoj haujlwm ntev - nws nyuaj rau nco ntsoov.

Daniil Granin tau ua haujlwm ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Tshawb Fawb thiab Lenenergo txij li xyoo 1945.

pib ntawm txoj kev sau ntawv thiab cov haujlwm nto moo tshaj plaws

Nws txoj kev sau ntawv tau pib xyoo 1937. Nws yog tom qab ntawd Granin thawj zaj dab neeg tau luam tawm - "Txiv Plig" thiab "Rov qab ntawm Rulyak". Nyob rau hauv 1951, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov hauj lwm, zaj dab neeg "Lub General ntawm lub Commune" yog tsim, mob siab rau Yaroslav Dombrovsky, tus hero ntawm lub Paris Commune. Ntawm cov kev tsim nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm tus kws sau ntawv yog cov ntawv dab neeg xws li "Searchers" (1954), "Kuv tabtom mus rau hauv cua daj cua dub" (1962), thiab "Duab" (1980). Paub thiab sau nyob rau hauv 1987 "Zubr", ib tug documentary-biographical tshiab. Nws zaj dab neeg yog nyob ntawm qhov tseeb uas tau tshwm sim hauv kev muaj tiag. Thawj qhov kev luam tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm yog 4,000 daim ntawv luam, thiab tom qab me ntsis nws tau luam tawm hauv Roman-Gazeta twb muaj 4 lab luam. Zaj dab neeg no tsim nyob rau xyoo 1974, hu ua "Lub Neej Ntxim Hlub" no kuj nrov thiab. Lwm cov dab neeg nthuav tawm yog "Kev yeej ntawm Engineer Korsakov", "Peb Tus Thawj Tub Rog Tub Rog", "Tus Tswv Tswv Yim", "Rain Hauv Lub Nroog txawv txawv", thiab lwm yam. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws txoj haujlwm yog qhov tseeb. Kev kawm txuj ci cuam tshuamQhov tseeb tias yuav luag tag nrho Granin cov haujlwm tau mob siab rau kev tshawb nrhiav, kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, kev tawm tsam ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb, tshawb nrhiav thiab cov neeg tsis muaj peev xwm, bureaucrats, cov neeg ua haujlwm.

Blockade Book

Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1977 txog 1981, Phau Ntawv Blockade tau tsim (hauv kev koom tes nrog A. Adamovich). Tom qab ob peb tshooj ntawm txoj haujlwm tau luam tawm hauv Novy Mir, kev tshaj tawm ntawm phau ntawv tag nrho raug ncua. Tsuas yog xyoo 1984 nws pom qhov kaj. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm txoj haujlwm no tau dhau los ua qhov tshwm sim tiag tiag hauv Lavxias pej xeem lub neej. "Lub Blockade Phau Ntawv" yog ib tug documentary ua hauj lwm uas qhia txog cov kev tsim txom los ntawm lub besieged Leningrad mus, nrog rau cov heroism ntawm nws inhabitants, uas raug yuam kom muaj nyob rau hauv inhuman tej yam kev mob. Txoj hauj lwm yog ua raws li qhov ncauj thiab sau ua tim khawv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog.

Lub Koom Haum Pabcuam

Daniil Granin thaum xyoo 1980s nrhiav tau lub Koom Haum Niam Tsev, thawj zaug hauv lub tebchaws. Nws pab txhawb nws txoj kev loj hlob thoob plaws hauv lub xeev. Hauv tebchaws Yelemes thiab Russia xyoo 1993, phau ntawv "Shattered Mercy" tau luam tawm.

Granin's social activities

Daniil Alexandrovich tau rov raug xaiv los ua pawg thawj coj ntawm Pawg Neeg Sau Ntawv ntawm RSFSR thiab USSR. Nyob rau hauv 1989 nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm lub Soviet PEN Center. Granin hauv 2000 tau muab tsub rau tus tub ceev xwm Resto - Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo hauv qhov ua rau muaj kev sib nkag siab thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntawm Russia thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 30, 2008, Dmitry Medvedev tau nthuav qhia nws nrog Kev Txiav Txim ntawm St. Andrew Thawj Hu, qhov khoom plig tshaj plaws Lavxias.

Daniil Granin, ua tus neeg pom qhov pom ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm Leningrad thiab tus neeg koom nrog kev ua tsov rog, feem ntau hais hnub no hauv ntau yam xov xwm. Nws tshaj tawm hais tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los khaws cia lub cim xeeb ntawm tib neeg kev txom nyem thiab kev yeej, uas tau txais nyuaj heev. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no ntawm 2014, Daniil Granin tau raug caw mus rau Bundestag los nyeem ib daim ntawv qhia txog kev thaiv ntawm Leningrad. Granin, hais lus nyob rau hauv Russia, txuas lub cim xeeb ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog nrog rau qhov tseeb ntawm peb lub sijhawm: nrog lub abyss ntawm tsoom fwv thiab cov neeg, nrog kev noj nyiaj txiag thiab lwm yam.

Ib lus uas ua rau muaj zog resonance

Daniil Alexandrovich tsab ntawv ceeb toom txog rum broad tsim nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no ntawm 1941-42 rau lub siab tshaj plaws tog nomenclature nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Leningrad ua rau ib tug tshwj xeeb haib teb. Nws tau tshwm sim hauv xov xwm thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2014. Txhua qhov chaw ntawm zej zog tau npau taws los ntawm qhov tseeb. Ib txhia - lub egoism ntawm tog apparatus, uas nws qhib. Lwm tus neeg liam Daniil Alexandrovich ntawm distorting qhov tseeb. Vladimir Medinsky, Minister of Culture ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, yog ib tug xws li accusers. Nws hu Granin cov lus dag, tab sis tom qab ntawd raug yuam kom thov txim rau tus kws sau ntawv.

Txoj kev sau ntawv muaj tswv yim

Hauv 2014, Daniil Aleksandrovich ua kev zoo siab rau nws hnub yug 95 xyoos. Nws twb yog ib tug lees paub classic ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Cov tshiab "Kuv yuav mus rau hauv ib tug thunderstorm", raws li zoo raws li "Lub blockade phau ntawv" twb muaj nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv thiab anthologies nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Txawm li cas los xij, tau hla lub cuaj caum xyoo tseem ceeb, Daniil Granin tseem nyobtus kws sau ntawv nquag uas tsis muaj zog thiab lub zog ntawm kev muaj tswv yim rau cov neeg sau ntawv tshiab. Nyob rau hauv 2012, nws tau muab tsub lub Big Book Prize nyob rau hauv ob pawg - rau cov tshiab "Kuv Lieutenant", raws li zoo raws li rau lub meej mom thiab meej mom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv.

Daniil Granin yog nto moo heev hnub no. Biography, haiv neeg, creativity - tag nrho cov no yog nthuav rau ntau ntawm peb contemporaries. Peb tham txog qhov peb paub txog Daniel Alexandrovich. Daniil Granin tau ua ntau yam rau peb lub tebchaws. Nws tus kheej lub neej yog inextricably txuas nrog txoj hmoo ntawm Niam.