Cov lus ntawm elves. Cov lus tseeb tshaj plaws

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Cov lus Elven yog ib pab pawg neeg tsim cov lus uas tau tsim thiab tsim los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Askiv John Tolkien. Tshwj xeeb, nws tau siv lawv hauv nws cov dab neeg nto moo tshaj plaws "Tus Tswv ntawm Rings" thiab "Hobbit" thaum xaiv cov npe ntawm tus phab ej ntawm cov haujlwm. Hauv Silmarillion, siv cov lus tsis tseeb no, cov npe tau muab rau txhua tus cim thiab cov khoom uas tau hais hauv nplooj ntawv ua haujlwm. Yog li rau cov kiv cua ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb no, lawv txoj kev kawm yog qhov txaus siab tiag tiag.

Ancient languages

Los ntawm cov lus ntawm cov elves, ob peb pawg loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog cov lus thaum ub. Conventionally, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua proto-elven, avarin thiab eldarin.

Proto-Elven, uas hauv qee qhov chaw hu ua Quenderin, suav tias yog thawj hom lus ntawm elves. Tag nrho lwm yam lus tau tshwm sim los ntawm nws. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo tom qab lub Awakening, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws pib ua kom nquag plias. Tom qab kev sib cais ntawm elves nyob rau hauv cov lus kujob peb pawg sawv tawm.

Ib feem ntawm cov neeg hais lus ib txwm tawm mus rau sab hnub poob, thiab vim li ntawd, cov proto-elvish tau faib ua Avarin thiab Eldarin ceg.

Avarin yog lub npe sib sau ua ke rau ntau hom lus Avari. Cov no yog cov elves uas tsis kam mus rau sab hnub poob. Nws yog noteworthy tias nyob rau hauv thawj lub tswv yim ntawm Tolkien nws hu ua lemberin, tab sis ces nws hloov nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov lus Avari feem ntau txawv heev txawm tias ntawm lawv tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau, tus kws sau ntawv tsuas yog rau lo lus uas yog cov lus sib txawv.

Cov neeg uas xaiv tsiv teb tsaws chaw hais hom lus Elvish, tseem hu ua Eldarin. Sij hawm dhau mus, nws tau faib ua Ilkorin, Kor-Eldarin, Common Telerin, thiab Ancient Quenya.

Eldarin pab pawg

Kawm hom lus ntawm Tolkien's elves yog qhov kev paub zoo siab heev. Cia peb tham txog txhua yam ntawm cov lus qhia uas sawv tawm ntawm pawg Eldarin:

1. Kor-Eldarin yog ib hom npe sib sau ua ke rau ntau hom lus ib zaug, uas yav tom ntej tau pib tsim los ua hom lus ywj pheej - Noldorin, Vanyarin thiab Telerin.
2. Ilkorin yog thawj zaug tsim los ua ib lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus Teleri. Tom qab ntawd nws tau hloov los ntawm Sindarin. Hauv cov ntsiab lus tsis ntev los no, nws twb hu ua lemberin, thiab lub tswv yim ntawm ilkorin dhau los ua ib lub ntsiab lus tsis meej thiab tsis meej.
3. Ancient Quenya yog ib yam ntawm cov kauj ruam los ntawm hom lus Elvish hauv Amana Quenya tsim. Cov telerin feem ntau kuj suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov progenitors ntawm tag nrho cov lojyam lus. Telerin Aman thiab Sindarin tau tshwm sim los ntawm nws thiab tsim los ua cov lus hais ywj pheej, thiab tom qab ntawd cov lus Nandor kuj tshwm sim.

Nandorin pab pawg

Pab pawg Nandorin suav nrog cov lus Nandorin nws tus kheej, nrog rau Wood Elf dialect thiab Ossiriand dialect.

Nandor tau hais los ntawm cov elves uas tau cais tawm ntawm pawg tseem ceeb ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg pab pawg thaum muaj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw mus rau sab hnub poob. Ntxiv mus, muaj tsawg kawg yog ob hom lus - hom lus ntawm cov elves ntawm Eastern Middle-world thiab cov lus ntawm cov elves ntawm Ossiriand.

Cov lus Wood Elf tseem hu ua Sylvan dialect. Nws yog siv los ntawm cov neeg uas txiav txim siab qhov nthuav dav ntawm Mirkwood thiab Lorien.

Thaum kawg, cov lus ntawm Ossiriand tau hais los ntawm cov neeg tsiv mus rau lub nroog ntawm tib lub npe. Interestingly, nyob rau hauv thawj lub tswv yim, nws paub ua tsaug rau Elwing thiab nws tus tub.

Sindarin group

Pab pawg Sindarin suav tias yog ib qho ntawm ntau tshaj plaws, raws li nws suav nrog goldengreen, Noldorin thiab Sindarin, uas peb yuav tham txog ntau yam ntxiv.

Goldogrin tseem hu ua Gnomish lus, hauv lub tswv yim qub nws tau koom nrog Dwarves. Tom qab ntawd nws tau hloov kho los ua Sindarin. Nws yog ib qho ntawm ob hom lus Tolkien elf uas nws tsim.

Noldorin yog ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm Gnomish hauv lub tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho sab nrauv ntawm cov lus ntawm Middle-world. Tshwj xeeb, tus sau nws tus kheej tau hais txog tsib hom lus sib txawv uas tau cais tawm ntawm cov lus no rov qab rau Thawj Hnub nyoog. Hauv cov ntsiab lus tom qab, cov lus no twb tau hloov Ilkorin, thiabces nws yeej tau hloov los ntawm Sindarin.

Sindarin

Sindarin yog ib hom lus nthuav thiab nrov tshaj plaws tsim los ntawm Tolkien. Lus txhais los ntawm Quenya, lub tswv yim no txhais tau tias "grey hais lus".

Tseem tshuav cov lus ntawm Grey Elves, nws tau dhau los ua hom lus tseem ceeb ntawm Sindar. Lawv yog cov elves los ntawm pawg neeg ntawm Teleri, uas tau txiav txim siab nyob hauv Beleriand thaum Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov lus pib sib txawv ntawm cov lus uas siv los piav qhia lwm pab pawg neeg uas caij nkoj hla hiav txwv.

Nyob hauv Hnub Nyoog Peb, Sindarin dhau los ua hom lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov elves hauv Tus Tswv ntawm Rings. Nws yog lub npe nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Middle-earth. Nws yog hom lus no uas sawv daws hu ua Elvish hauv phau ntawv nws tus kheej.

Vim li cas thiaj xaiv Sindarin?

Lub sijhawm dhau mus, nws tau txais los ntawm Noldor, uas tau siv los hais lus Quenya. Tab sis thaum lawv rov qab mus rau Nruab Nrab Ntiaj Teb, lawv tau txais Sindarin txhawm rau kom yeej huab tais Ela Thingola. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Sindarin thiab Quenya tseem nyob sib cais los ntawm qhov chaw loj, lawv khaws qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv sau ntawv, txawm hais tias muaj ntau cov lus zoo sib xws. Sindarin pib hloov lub sijhawm ntau dua li Quenya, uas yog vim li cas ob peb hom lus tau tsim nyob rau hauv Thawj Hnub nyoog. Yog li, Grey Elves tau lees paub ib qho ntawm cov lus zoo tshaj plaws uas siv hauv Doriath.

Kirt runic system tau siv los ua kev sau ntawv. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias thaum tsim hom lus no, tus kws sau ntawv tau ua raws li Welsh. Nws muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb feature -consonant mutations, raws li nyob rau hauv feem ntau Celtic lus. Cov lus kuj tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Old Norse thiab Old English.

Aman lus

Muaj peb hom lus Aman - Telerin, Vanyarin thiab Quenya, tom kawg yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab nthuav dav.

Cov lus Teleri tau hais los ntawm cov neeg ntawm tib lub npe uas mus txog Aman. Los ntawm thiab loj, qhov no yog ib qho ntawm Quenya dialects, thaum cov kws tshawb fawb yeej ib txwm suav tias yog ib hom lus txawv.

Vanyarin yog lwm hom lus Quenya, tsim tsawg dua. Valarine tau ua rau nws mob hnyav.

Quenya

Quenya yog lus dag. Qhov tseeb, lo lus no txhais tau tias "lus" lossis "adverb". Tolkien pib tsim nws hauv 1915. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas Finnish tau raug xaiv los ua lub hauv paus rau nws txoj kev tsim, kev sau ntawv thiab cov qauv sau ntawv tau qiv los ntawm Greek thiab Latin. Nws ntseeg tau tias lub npe ntawm cov lus nyob ze rau cov lus Finnish Kven, uas muaj ntau heev nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Scandinavia nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm thaj tsam keeb kwm ntawm Kvenland.

Thiab tib lub sijhawm, tus kws sau ntawv yeej ib txwm siv sijhawm ntau thiab ua tib zoo tsim cov lus. Tshwj xeeb, Quenya cov qauv sau ntawv tau hloov kho plaub zaug kom txog rau thaum nws coj nws daim ntawv tam sim no. Tib lub sijhawm, cov ntsiab lus tseem nyob ntau dua lossis tsawg dua nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm no.

Nws yog qhov nthuav tias nyob rau tib lub sijhawm nrog kev txhim kho ntawm cov lus no, Tolkien tau piav qhia ntxaws txog cov neeg uas nws yuav koom nrog. Lawv thaj av, keeb kwm, lub ntiaj teb uas lawv hais tau, tib yamNruab nrab ntiaj teb. Nws yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov lus elven no uas muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. "Tus Tswv ntawm Nplhaib" tau yug los ntawm cov lus piav qhia no, dhau los ua qhov classic ntawm ntiaj teb kev npau suav.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm Quenya hauv ntiaj teb Middle-earth

Tib lub sijhawm, cov lus muaj npe tsis tuaj yeem pom hauv cov ntawv tshiab nws tus kheej, vim hais tias thaum lub sijhawm cov xwm txheej tau piav qhia hauv kev ua haujlwm, Quenya tau tawm ntawm kev siv txhua hnub, nyob ze li ntawm tib qhov chaw hauv kab lis kev cai. Middle ntiaj teb uas Latin nyob hauv Europe. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog coincidence tias txawm Tolkien nws tus kheej hu ua Quenya "Elvish Latin". Sindarin tseem yog hom lus tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas lus txhua hnub hauv nws lub npe nrov tshaj plaws trilogy.

Nws zoo kawg nkaus uas cov lus Quenya tau ua rau nws txoj hauv kev niaj hnub no. Tam sim no ob peb phau ntawv xov xwm tau tshaj tawm rau nws, thiab hauv Asmeskas thiab UK lawv tiv thaiv cov lus tawm ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm nws cov qauv sau ntawv.

Kev txaus siab ntau ntxiv hauv cov lus Elvish tom qab xyoo 2004, thaum kawg ntawm tus Tswv ntawm Rings trilogy tau tshwm sim ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus. Piv txwv li, hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv Birmingham, lawv tau tso cai qhia Elvish rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv.

Talas language

Yuav kom paub seb cov elves hais lus dab tsi, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov qauv sau ntawv thiab cov lus siv rau lub tebchaws no tau tsim los tsis yog hauv ntiaj teb Middle-earth. Piv txwv li, cov lus tseeb tshwj xeeb kuj muaj nyob hauv Warcraft ntug.

Talasian yog lus ntawm cov ntshav elves, muab los ntawm Darnassian. Peb yuav qhia koj ntxiv me ntsis txog nws.

Raws li cov lus dab neeg, nws cov lus proto yog xyaumploj tag. Tam sim no, linguists nco txog qhov zoo sib xws thiab consonance ntawm ob hom lus no. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg paub txog lub ntiaj teb no yuav tsum paub tias hais txog cov ntshav lossis siab elf hauv Darnassian, txawm tias siv cov kab lus thiab cov lus sib cais hauv cov lus no, yuav raug pom tias yog kev ua ruam lossis kev thuam. Yog li ntawd, tus hais lus yuav tsum ceev faj heev thaum siv cov lus elf.

Nov yog ib qho ntawm plaub yam lus Elvish nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb no.

Darnassian

Darnassian yog suav tias yog hom lus tseem ceeb ntawm hmo ntuj elves. Nws muaj qhov hais thiab sau sib npaug.

Vim tias hmo ntuj muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau Naga, nrog rau cov ntshav thiab cov elves siab, Darnassian yog ze ze rau cov lus Talassian thiab Nazja. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib tus yuav tsum nkag siab tias muaj qhov sib txawv loj thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xav ntawm hmo ntuj elves lawv tus kheej thiab lawv cov txheeb ze nyob deb. Yog li ntawd, linguists yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev thaum ua cov kev sib piv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub npe ntawm cov lus yog consonant nrog lub npe ntawm lub peev ntawm hmo ntuj elves - lub nroog ntawm Darnassus, uas tau tsim tsis ntev los no. Muaj ntau ntau versions ntawm vim li cas qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Tej zaum lub nroog thiaj li muaj npe raws li hom lus, lossis vim lub npe ntawm lub nroog lub npe ntawm cov lus raug hloov, feem ntau pom zoo tias cov lus ntawm "Darnassus" tseem tsis paub.

Dark Elves

Muaj elves nrog lawv tus kheej lus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tsis tseebDungeons & Zaj. Qhov no yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ua si board game fantasy. Nws yog thawj zaug luam tawm rov qab rau xyoo 1974, thiab tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg nrhiav thiab nyiam tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Cov Tsaus Ntuj Elves tau piav qhia thawj zaug hauv phau ntawv txoj cai npaj rau thawj zaug. Lawv tseem hu ua drow.

Ntawm no yog ib haiv neeg uas khav theeb thiab muaj zog tawv tawv uas nyob hauv ntau lub nroog hauv ntiajteb. Cov neeg muaj npe nrov rau lawv txoj kev ntxeev siab, kev lim hiam, kev ua tsov rog tsis tu ncua. Cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau ntawm cov neeg tsis txaus siab no tshaj tawm txoj kev ntseeg ntshav thiab nqhis dej ntawm kab laug sab vajtswv poj niam Lolth. Elves uas nyob saum npoo av, nrog rau tib neeg, ntxub cov neeg tuag, tsim txom txawm tias cov neeg uas tau so haujlwm tag nrho los ntawm kev tsaus ntuj. Raws li cov cai ntawm pawg thawj coj saib kev ua si, lawv muaj qhov nruab nrab tsis zoo nrog txhua yam uas nyob ib puag ncig lawv hauv ntiaj teb no.

Cov lus ntawm cov neeg tsaus ntuj yog ib hom lus ntawm Elvish. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntawm kev tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm zais cia thiab thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, lawv tuaj yeem siv cov lus tsis meej pem thiab ntsiag to, uas yuav luag tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tsuas yog lawv.

hais lus laus

Koj tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov lus piav qhia ntawm Elvish cov lus hauv lub npe hu ua series ntawm kev npau suav phem dab neeg Tus Witcher los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Polish Andrzej Sapkowski.

Nyob hauv Witcher, cov lus ntawm cov elves hu ua Txwj Laug Speech. Nws yog raws li kev sau ntawv runic, nws yog hom lus ntawm cov neeg qub thiab hwm.

Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas nws ua raws li Fabkis, Askiv, German, Irish, Welsh thiabCov lus Latin. Ib yam dab tsi tshwj xeeb tau muab los ntawm lawv txhua tus kom qhov kev xav tau tuaj yeem tau txais.

Tus Txwj Laug Hais lus muaj ob peb hom lus. Ua ntej kev sib cais ntawm cov elves, muaj ib hom lus, thiab ntau tus tau hais lus Askiv Cov Txwj Laug. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntawm cov lus nrov, ib qho yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov lus ntawm Alder Cov Neeg thiab cov dryads los ntawm Brokilon, Skellig jargon, Nilfgaardian dialect.

Piv txwv li, Skellig jargon tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv archipelago ntawm tib lub npe. Nws nrhiav tsis tau lwm qhov chaw. Thiab cov lus Nilfgaardian yog siv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman ntawm tib lub npe, nrog rau cov xeev uas koom nrog nws. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb yog nws cov lus hais tshwj xeeb, thaum lub suab suab yuav tsum ncab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog.