2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Anton Rubinstein tau ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai. Tej hauj lwm xws li daim duab "Ondine", lub operas "Christ", "Dmitry Donskoy", "Dab", cov paj huam symphonic "Faust", "Ivan lub txaus ntshai" thiab ntau lwm tus coj nws mus rau lub ntiaj teb no paub. Nws yog nws uas yog suav tias yog tus tsim ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pianism. Ntau qhov kev sau ua los ntawm nws tau ua tiav zoo txawm tias nyob hauv peb lub sijhawm.
Zaj Dab Neeg Me Nyuam Yaus
Anton Grigoryevich Rubinshtein yog tus kws sau ntawv nto moo hauv ntiaj teb, tus thawj coj thiab tus kws qhia suab paj nruag. Nws biography pib thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 16, 1829 nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Vykhvatinets, Podolsk xeev (Pridnestrovian Moldavian koom pheej) nyob rau hauv ib tug nplua nuj Jewish tsev neeg. Nws txiv, Grigory Romanovich, yog ib tug tub luam rau ntau tiam. Niam, Karelia Khristoforovna, yog ib tug tshuab raj. Tus kws ntaus nkauj kuj muaj ob tug muam thiab ib tug kwv. Thaum Anton muaj peb xyoos, nws tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Moscow.
pib ntawm kev muaj tswv yim
Nrog keeb kwmcov suab paj nruag kos duab ntawm tus hero ntawm peb zaj dab neeg tau qhia los ntawm nws niam. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog xya xyoo, Anton Rubinstein tau kawm los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv nto moo A. I. Villuana, ua tsaug uas nws tau txais kev txawj ntse hauv kev ua si piano. Thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum xyoo tau qhib txoj hauv kev rau nws kom muaj koob meej. Tam sim ntawd tom qab ua tau zoo, nws mus ncig ua si hauv Tebchaws Europe, nrog nws tus kws qhia.
Ob peb xyoos tom qab, tsev neeg Rubinstein tsiv mus rau Berlin. Nyob ntawd nws tseem kawm suab paj nruag, tab sis tam sim no tus naas ej Siegfried Den tau los ua nws tus kws qhia ntawv. Nws nyob ntawm no tias cov tub ntxhais hluas tshuab raj tau ntsib Felix Mendelssohn thiab Giacomo Meyerbeer.
Thaum Anton muaj hnub nyoog kaum xya xyoo, tom qab nws txiv tuag, nws niam thiab tus nus rov qab los rau Moscow, thiab Rubinstein mus nyob hauv Vienna. Yuav kom muaj txoj sia nyob, nws muab kev qhia suab paj nruag ntiag tug rau cov menyuam yaus ntawm tsev neeg muaj nyiaj.
Peb xyoos tom qab tsiv, nws rov tuaj rau Russia. Tau nyob hauv St. Petersburg, Anton Rubinstein tau koom nrog kev coj ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muab kev hais kwv txhiaj ntiag tug ntawm lub tsev hais plaub muaj koob muaj npe, uas yog qhov ua tau zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim yog cuam tshuam nrog cov kws sau nkauj thiab cov cellists, xws li M. I. Glinka, UA Dargomyzhsky, M. Y. Vielgorsky, K. B. Schubert.
Artworks
Xyoo 1850, qhov kev ua yeeb yam tshwm sim, qhov twg tus phab ej ntawm peb zaj dab neeg ua nws thawj zaug ua tus thawj coj. Thiab ob xyoos tom qab nws sau ib qho ntawm qhov loj tshaj operas - "Dmitry Donskoy". Tsis ntev tom qab thawj qhov kev paubRaws li tus kws sau nkauj, Anton Rubinstein tsim peb txoj haujlwm ib zaug: "Revenge", "Siberian Hunters" thiab "Fomka the Fool". Tsis tas li nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws ua thawj kauj ruam ua tsis tiav los tsim lub tsev suab paj nruag hauv St. Petersburg.
Xyoo 1854, Rubinstein txiav txim siab tsiv mus rau German nroog Weimar, qhov chaw nws ntsib F. Liszt, uas pab nws ua yeeb yam. Thaum lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1854, tus kws sau nkauj muab kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm Gewandhaus, uas xaus rau kev yeej zoo. Tom qab qhov kev vam meej no, nws mus ncig ua si hauv lwm lub nroog loj xws li Vienna, Munich, Hamburg, Nice.
Hmoob
Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, thaum tuaj txog hauv tebchaws Russia, Anton Rubinstein coj tag nrho nws txoj kev siv zog rau kev qhib lub koom haum Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag. Nws nyob ntawm no, ua tej hauj lwm, uas nws ua raws li ib tug neeg xyuas pib orchestra. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws sau ntawv tsis tso tseg nws txoj kev mus ncig txawv tebchaws. Tom qab cov chav kawm tau qhib, Lub Koom Haum tau hloov kho rau hauv Thawj Tswj Hwm Lavxias. Tus naas ej pianist Rubinstein tsis yog ib tug thawj coj xwb, tab sis kuj yog ib tug orchestra thiab hu nkauj tus thawj coj, ib tug xib fwb ntawm piano thiab npaj.
Xyoo 1867, vim muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag nws tau qhib, uas tshwm sim tsis muaj npe nrov suab paj nruag thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, nws tau tawm ntawm tus thawj coj.
ua haujlwm zoo
Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, Anton Rubinstein sau txoj haujlwm loj tshaj - "Dab". Nws yog nws censors uas tsis cia dhau mus rau lwm tusmuaj plaub xyoos. Meanwhile, tus composer yog lub taub hau ntawm concerts ntawm lub Society of Friends of Music nyob rau hauv Vienna.
Xyoo 1873 nws tau mus ncig tebchaws Amelikas nrog Henryk Wieniawski (tus kws ntaus nkauj ua yeeb yam). Rov qab los tom qab ib xyoos rau Peterhof, tus kws sau ntawv sau Plaub thiab Tsib Symphonies rau cov suab paj nruag ua haujlwm Maccabees thiab tub lag luam Kalashnikov.
Nyob rau xyoo 1885-1886, ntau qhov kev ua yeeb yam keeb kwm tseem ceeb tau tshwm sim hauv cov nroog Central Europe, uas yuav luag tag nrho cov haujlwm solo rau piano tau ua. Ib xyoos tom qab, Rubinstein tau raug xaiv los ua thawj coj ntawm lub chaw saib xyuas.
Kaum Ib Hlis 8, 1894, thaum nyob hauv Peterhof, Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein tuag. Nws raug faus rau hauv Necropolis, ntawm lub toj ntxas ntawm cov masters ntawm art.
Success
Undoubtedly, Anton Rubinstein tau ua ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim thawj lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag hauv tebchaws Russia. Biography ntawm tus neeg zoo no ua tim khawv tias tag nrho nws lub neej nws yog ib tug ideological fighter rau kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov neeg. Yog li ntawd, nws kuj raug suav hais tias yog tus tsim ntawm kev kawm suab paj nruag. Nws cov tub ntxhais kawm yog cov neeg nto moo zoo li P. I. Tchaikovsky, I. Hoffman, G. A. Laroche.
Yuav luag txhua hom suab paj nruag yog them los ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam muaj tswv yim ntawm Anton Rubinstein. Cov masterpieces sau los ntawm nws tau dhau los ua cov piv txwv zoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab lyrical opera.
Yog li, thoob plaws nws lub neej nws tau sau ntau yam haujlwm, suav nrog 13 operas, 6 symphonies, 5 oratorios thiab concertos rau piano thiab orchestra, ntau dua 120 zaj nkauj thiab nkauj, tshaj 200sau ntawv rau piano.
Kuj tau ua tiav nws txoj kev sim ua tus sau qee phau ntawv, xws li "Autobiographical Stories", "Suab paj nruag thiab nws cov neeg sawv cev", "Lub thawv ntawm kev xav". Nyob rau hauv lawv, tus sau tau qhib siab piav qhia txog nws txoj kev xav ntawm lub neej, suab paj nruag thiab kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ntau tus kws sau nkauj nto moo yav dhau los thiab tam sim no.
Yog li, nws muaj kev nyab xeeb los hais tias Anton Rubinstein ua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua suab paj nruag. Phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm tus txiv neej zoo no qhia tau hais tias nws qhib txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim cov kev tsim zoo nrog nws cov haujlwm.
Rau nws txoj haujlwm tshaj lij, nws tau txais txiaj ntsig Order of Merit in the Arts and Sciences.
Pom zoo:
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Kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus txiv neej thiab poj niam yog ib qho khoom zoo nkauj rau cov kws sau paj huam thiab kws sau ntawv, kws kho hlwb thiab cov kws tshawb fawb. Daim duab ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev xav tau raug kawm thoob plaws hauv lub neej ntawm noob neej. Kev hlub yog qhov yooj yim hauv nws cov ntsiab lus, tab sis feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav vim kev qia dub thiab qia dub ntawm tus neeg. Ib qho ntawm kev sim nkag mus rau qhov zais cia ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg nyiam yog ib qho kev ua si los ntawm Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev "Qhov twg nws nyias, nws tawg rau ntawd"
Kev tshuaj ntsuam ntawm "Sherlock Holmes": daim ntawv teev npe, xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv cov xwm txheej, cov phiaj xwm, kev xav, cov neeg ua yeeb yam thiab lub luag haujlwm
Cov haujlwm nto moo ntawm Arthur Conan Doyle txog ib tus neeg tshawb nrhiav txawv txawv tau nrhiav lawv cov kiv cua hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb rau ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo. Ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo dhau los, thawj zaj duab xis adaptation ntawm Sherlock Holmes tau nthuav tawm, thiab txij li ntawd los lawv cov naj npawb tau nce tas li. Cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws tau qhia lawv lub zeem muag ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg tshawb nrhiav nto moo, tab sis dab tsi cov haujlwm tsim nyog tshwj xeeb?
