Cua tshuab raj thiab nws lub suab

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Woodwind suab paj nruag coj cov xim kom pom tseeb rau lub suab tag nrho ntawm lub suab paj nruag symphony - muaj zog thiab ci ntsa iab.

Lub cav ntawm lawv txhua tus muaj kev ywj pheej uas cov kws sau paj huam tsis yog tsuas yog muab lub raj nplaim, clarinet, oboe, thiab bassoon nrog lawv tus kheej, tab sis kuj sau cov ntu loj rau lawv. Tsuas yog pawg hneev taw ntawm lub orchestra nyiam mloog zoo. Lub tshuab raj cua yog lub zog ntawm lub suab, nws yog compactness, nws yog ntau xim dynamics. Cia wb mus saib lawv txhua tus.

Cov suab paj nruag cua hlob tshaj plaws, paub txij li lub sijhawm ntawm Egypt, Tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Rome, tab sis tej zaum yuav yug ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv feem ntau primitive daim ntawv - tsuas yog ib tug reed txiav nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev - ib tug flutemuaj peev xwm ua suab paj nruag tiag tiag. Txij li thaum Nrab Hnub nyoog, ob hom tau paub: lub raj nplaim ncaj thiab ib qho transverse. Qhov ncaj - nrog lub ntsis - tsis tshua muaj kev txhim kho thiab yog li tsis siv dav; nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th nws tau hloov los ntawm lub orchestra los ntawm tus muam "transverse" zoo dua. Hais txog kev tsim txiaj (los ntawm kev yooj yim ntawm kev ua si), tsis muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuab raj ntawm nws cov kwv tij. Cov cuab yeej nyiam tshaj plaws rau kev ua suab paj nruag hauv tsev ntau dua li lwm tus yog tus soloist hauv suab paj nruag zoo nkauj. Muaj tseeb, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los ua si lub dav cantilena ntawm lub raj nplaim - nws yuav tsum muaj huab cua loj heev. Lub suab yog txias, zoo li lwm lub ntiaj teb. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov cuab yeej no: cov suab paj nruag los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam "Orpheus thiab Eurydice" los ntawm Gluck thiab "Dance of the Shepherds" los ntawm ballet "The Nutcracker" los ntawm Tchaikovsky.

Oboe

Tus xeeb ntxwv ntawm lub tshuab raj qub. Cov European version ntawm oboe los ntawm Middle East. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, nws tau koom nrog symphony orchestra, qhov chaw uas nws tau txais koob meej kev hais kwv txhiaj sai heev thiab tau los ua tus nyiam ntawm txhua tus neeg nyiam suab paj nruag. Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws concertos tau sau rau oboe txij thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Lully, Bach thiab Handel. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, lub clarinet muab txoj kev rau cov nyiam. Oboe tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho, tag nrho cov orchestra yog sib npaug rau nws. Qhov no yog ib qho "singing" cua tshuab raj, txawm hais tias, zoo li lub tshuab raj, nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo. Tab sis nws "nees" - elegy, tu siab, tu siab. Piv txwv li, kev cuam tshuam ua ntej thib ob ntawm Tchaikovsky's "Swan Lake".

Clarinet

Ntseeg, yoog raws, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv kev nthuav qhia, lub suab ntawm clarinet yog tam sim ntawd paub thiab hnov ib txwm hnov, txawm li cas los xij cov suab paj nruag cua tam sim no sib tw rau cov neeg mloog. Pastorality ntawm daim duab yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo conveyed nrog kev pab los ntawm no nyiam ntawm classical composers: Tchaikovsky thiab Rimsky-Korsakov muab tag nrho cov suab paj nruag ntawm tus tswv yug yaj Lel rau lub clarinet. Ntxiv rau qhov ib txwm muaj, symphony orchestra siv me me, bass clarinets thiab qee zaus alto - basset horn.

Bassoon

Txhais los ntawm Italis - ib pob ntawm taws. Lub npe tshwj xeeb no tuaj qhov twg los? Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug qub bass yeeb nkab - ib tug bombarda - ib tug bassoon tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug loj loj ntoo yeeb nkab khoov nyob rau hauv ob. Visually, nws zoo li cov taws kub hnyiab ntawm tes ntawm ib tug tshuab raj. Tus tshiab timbre xav tsis thoob nrog nws cov euphony thiab txawm hu ua "dolcino" - " muag heev, qab zib". Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, nws tau txais nws tus kheej txoj kev npaj nyob rau hauv lub layout ntawm lub suab ntawm ib tug symphony orchestra. Raws li ib tug piv txwv - lub opera "Robert tus dab ntxwg nyoog" los ntawm Meyerbeer, qhov twg bassoons depict tuag luag. Beethoven, Weber, thiab Rimsky-Korsakov (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv "Scheherazade") siv nws cov lus pom tau hais tias ntau heev, thiab cov suab paj nruag cua no tau txais cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm yawg ("Peter thiab Hma" los ntawm Prokofiev) thiab hauv Qhov kawg ntawm Shostakovich lub cuaj symphony. Ntxiv nrog rau lub bassoon nws tus kheej, lub symphony orchestra suab qis tshaj ntsuas nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ntau yam -contrabassoon, peb zaug bent yuav luag plaub meters ntawm ntoo yeeb nkab. Qhov no yog knitting, qhov no yog knitting! Nws yog qhov tsawg tshaj li qhov yooj yim bassoon, tab sis zoo li lub cev hauv cov ntoo. Nws feem ntau ua haujlwm los txhim kho cov ntses bass thaj tsam. Piv txwv: Ravel's "Kev Sib Tham Zoo Nkauj thiab Beast" yog lub suab ntawm dab.