2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
N. Nekrasov ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub 40-70s ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo, uas ua nyuaj rau lub keeb kwm ntawm Russia. Nws yog lub sijhawm muaj kev txhawb siab rau pej xeem, tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev poob siab tom qab tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm Manifesto ntev-awaited tshem tawm serfdom. Cov teeb meem kev nom kev tswv hauv zej zog tau txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm N. A. Nekrasov, tus neeg tawm tsam kev ywj pheej rau kev ywj pheej ntawm tib neeg.
Kuv raug hu los hu nkauj ntawm koj txoj kev txom nyem…
Zaj lus no ntawm tus kws sau paj huam nws tus kheej qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov paj huam thiab paj huam. Qhov nyuaj ntawm cov neeg Lavxias thiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, cov poj niam ua liaj ua teb ("Troika", "Nyob rau hauv Txoj Kev"), kev tsis ncaj ncees thiab kev ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv tus tswv ntawm Russia ("Reflections ntawm lub qhov rooj"), txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse, uas. pib ntawm txoj kev nyuaj ntawm kev tawm tsam ("Nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm Dobrolyubov"), lub feat ntawm lub Decembrists thiab lawv cov poj niam ("Yawg", "Lavxias teb sab poj niam"), lub sij hawm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug thiab paj huam ("Muse", "Poet thiab". Citizen") - cov no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas npogua haujlwm los ntawm Nekrasov. Nws kuj muaj cov kab lus zoo txog kev hlub ("Peb yog cov neeg ruam …", "Kev lees paub"), hais txog kev zoo nkauj thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm ("Lub Caij Nplooj Hlav", "Rau"). Ob peb zaj paj huam, suav nrog "General Toptygin" thiab "Yawg Mazai thiab Hares", tau sau tshwj xeeb rau menyuam yaus. Lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev muaj tswv yim, tau kawg, yog zaj paj huam "Rau leej twg nws yog qhov zoo los nyob hauv Russia", uas yog qhov dav dav ntawm lub neej ntawm tib neeg.
Lub hauv paus ntawm tus kws sau paj huam
Tej zaum Nekrasov cov haujlwm yuav tsis muaj tseeb thiab qhia tau yog tias lawv tsis ua raws li tus kws sau ntawv qhov kev soj ntsuam thiab kev paub dhau los. Thawj zaug, nws pom kev ua phem rau lwm tus thaum nws yog menyuam yaus. Nws txiv despotic ntau tshaj ib zaug pounced nrog nws lub nrig tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub serfs, tab sis kuj rau nws tus poj niam, uas txawm tom qab ntawd aroused ib tug tawm tsam nyob rau hauv tus tub ntawm tus ntsuj plig tawm tsam kev tsim txom ntawm cov poj niam. Tom qab ntawd, nws yuav nthuav qhia nws cov kev xav thaum yau thiab kev hlub tsis muaj kawg rau Elena Andreevna, ua rau muaj kev txom nyem tsis kawg, hauv cov paj huam "Niam", "Knight rau ib teev", "Bayushki-bayu" thiab lwm tus.
Me Nikolai pom tib neeg kev txom nyem nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm Lavxias teb sab tus dej loj, qhov chaw uas nws ib zaug pom cov nkoj thauj neeg taug kev ("Ntawm Volga"). Thiab ntawm txoj kev dav uas dhau mus ib sab ntawm Greshnev, tib neeg tau txav mus tas li hauv kev tshawb nrhiav haujlwm, qee zaum cov neeg raug txim kuj raug pom tawm. Nov yog qhov kev paub txog tus kheej thiab kev coj ua ntawm yuav luag txhua txoj haujlwm ntawm Nekrasov maj mam tsim.
Muaj ib sab ci ntsa iab nyob rau hauv tus kws sau paj huam thaum yau. Ntau cov duab zoo kawg nkaus ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm, recreated nyob rau hauv poetic kab, kuj tau los uaqhov tshwm sim ntawm lub neej thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm leej txiv lub cuab tam.
Nikolai Alekseevich haus ntau txoj kev tu siab, pib lub neej ywj pheej hauv St. Tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa hauv tsev, nws tau ntsib kev txom nyem thiab kev tshaib kev nqhis mus txog qhov kawg. Tab sis kev nyuaj ntawm lub neej tsuas yog npau taws rau tus tub hluas lub hom phiaj thiab pab nws ua tiav kev lees paub.
Cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Nekrasov
Qhov debut ntawm tus kws sau paj huam yog zaj paj huam "Ntawm Txoj Kev", uas ua rau nws txaus siab qhuas los ntawm V. Belinsky. Tom qab ntawd, txog kaum xyoo, Nikolai Alekseevich tau luam tawm ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, suav nrog Sovremennik, uas nws tau kho. Thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1856 lub collection "Poems ntawm N. A. Nekrasov" tau luam tawm. Nws ua rau muaj kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov neeg muaj kev vam meej hauv zej zog thiab coj lub koob meej tiag tiag rau tus sau. "Tus kws sau paj huam thiab neeg pej xeem" (qhib phau ntawv), "Schoolboy", "Uncompressed Band", "Rau Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Ib Ntus", "Lullaby", paj huam "Sasha" - qhov no tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm daim duab kos los ntawm tus kws sau paj lug hais txog qhov tseeb ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb Lavxias.
Decembrists, "Frost-Red Nose", "Peddlers" thiab lwm tus - tsis tsuas yog qhia txog txoj hmoo nyuaj ntawm tib neeg, lawv txoj kev cia siab thiab kev poob siab, tab sis kuj qhia lawv lub hwj chim, kev zoo nkauj, lub zog zais cia. Cov kwj tshiab tau hnov hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov nkauj toj roob hauv pes (piv txwv li, "Green Noise").
Leej twg nyob zoo hauv Russia
Epic paj huam -Qhov no yog li cas hom ntawm no ua hauj lwm los ntawm Nekrasov, sau twb nyob rau hauv lub post-reform lub sij hawm, yog txhais. Ua tsaug rau kev txav mus los hauv lub sijhawm thiab qhov chaw, cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov phab ej nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov chav kawm sib txawv, kev qhia txog cov lus dab neeg, tag nrho lub sijhawm hauv lub neej ntawm cov neeg Lavxias dhau mus ua ntej tus nyeem ntawv. Nws qhia cov cim muaj zog thiab muaj zog-willed, tsim nyog hwm. Tab sis, sim teb cov lus nug nyob rau hauv lub npe, tus sau maj mam coj tus nyeem ntawv mus rau cov duab ntawm ib tug hluas fighter rau ib qho kev nyiam, muaj peev xwm txhawb thiab txhawb nqa pawg neeg.
Yog li, feem ntau, ib tus tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv ntawm N. A. Nekrasov, tus tsim ntawm ntau cov haujlwm suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov paj huam zoo tshaj plaws thiab paj huam.
Pom zoo:
Cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo tshaj plaws: daim ntawv teev npe, kev ntaus nqi ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov phiaj xwm, khaub ncaws, cov cim tseem ceeb thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam
Cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo tshaj plaws tau ntxim nyiam cov neeg tuaj saib tsis yog nrog cov phiaj xwm ntxim nyiam thiab ua yeeb yam tsis zoo, tab sis kuj nrog cov ris tsho zoo nkauj thiab sab hauv. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog cov kab xev uas qhia txog cov xwm txheej tiag tiag lossis keeb kwm tsis tseeb. Qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntawm lawv tau piav qhia hauv kab lus no
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Ntau lub sijhawm dhau los, tib neeg tsis siv discs, cassettes lossis cov ntaub ntawv yas, nyiam mloog nkauj hauv Is Taws Nem. Thiab tsuas yog cov kiv cua nyiam tshaj plaws tau luam tawm ntawm lub cev tawm, vim tias txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kws kos duab thiab ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov khoom tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qeb duas ntawm cov khoom muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, cia mus
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Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
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Dickens muaj ntau yam haujlwm zoo uas cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus nyeem sib npaug. Ntawm ntau qhov kev tsim tawm, ib tus tuaj yeem tso tawm cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Dickens. Suffice nws kom nco qab qhov kov heev "Oliver Twist"
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Kev hlub tau tso nws lub cim rau hauv zej zog, kev tshawb fawb, paj huam, kos duab thiab xinesmas - hauv zaj nkauj zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. Dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws melodrama, nws yog nyob ntawm tus saib thiab nws lub siab txiav txim siab. Tab sis cov neeg thuam twb tau ntsuas qhov lawv pom thiab ua rau lawv tus kheej ntsuas ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo nkauj tshaj plaws
