Gothic sawv hauv architecture

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Rose window feem ntau yog hais txog lub ntsiab lus dav dav uas koom ua ke xws li kev tsim vaj tsev zoo li lub qhov rais puag ncig. Feem ntau nws yog decorated nrog stained iav. Lo lus "Gothic Rose" yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nto moo, vim hais tias cov txheej txheem no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub Gothic style nyob rau hauv architecture.

Short description

Thawj zaug, cov lus "rose window" tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th thiab muaj feem xyuam rau lub qhov rais Gothic, feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub facades ntawm Gothic thiab Romanesque pawg ntseeg. Cov txheej txheem kev tsim vaj tsev no tau txais nws lub npe vim qhov zoo sib xws ntawm "multi-petal" thiab symmetrical stained-iav qhov rais nrog cov lus Askiv sawv, uas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, txhais tau tias cov paj ntoo qus.

Gothic sawv hauv architecture tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Gothic style, tab sis tsis txwv rau nws. Cov qhov rais puag ncig tau pom nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov tuam tsev, cov tsev teev ntuj thiab lwm cov qauv los ntawm lub sijhawm qub, thoob plaws Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm Neo-Gothic. Tias yog vim li cas lub qhov rais loj loj tau pom thoob plaws ntiaj teb hauv cov tsev ntawm ntau lub hom phiaj, hnub nyoog thiab cov qauv.

Keeb Kwm

Cov hauv paus hniav ntawm Gothic sawv rov qab mus rau Roman oculus - lub qhov loj puag ncig tsim kom tso tsis tau tsuas yog lub teeb, tab sis kuj huab cua hauv chav. Feem ntauLub nto moo oculus nyob rau hauv Roman Pantheon, nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub dome. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Christian thiab Byzantine architecture, puag ncig oculuses tau siv nyob rau saum lub domes los yog nyob rau hauv qis pediments. Lub qhov rais puag ncig nrog lub pob zeb thav duab kuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, tab sis tsis tshua muaj kev xaiv tau muaj sia nyob mus rau niaj hnub no. Raws li rau cov qauv geometric ntawm roses, nws tau tsim heev hauv Roman mosaics.

Styles and types

Lub qhov rais rose tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam, ntawm cov uas muaj plaub lub ntsiab sawv daws yuav:

• Oculus yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws puag ncig qhov rais yam tsis muaj curly khi. Piv txwv: Roman Pantheon.
• Ib qho yooj yim rose yog ib lub voj voog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, raws cov npoo uas muaj arches nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm petals. Piv txwv: Rector's Eye ntawm Lincoln Cathedral.

• Lub log yog lub qhov rais puag ncig nrog symmetrical spokes. Nws tseem yog hu ua Catherine's Rose hauv kev hwm ntawm St. Catherine, uas raug tsim txom ntawm lub log. Piv txwv li: Lucera Cathedral, Ltalis.
• Gothic sawv - lub qhov rais puag ncig nrog tus qauv tsim zoo nkauj, feem ntau embellished nrog stained iav. Nws zoo li lub paj tawg paj. Piv txwv: Notre Dame Cathedral.

Tau kawg, dhau sijhawm, qee lwm hom Gothic roses tau tshwm sim, xws li oval thiab elliptical baroque windows, tab sis cov hom saum toj no feem ntau siv.

windows size

Thaum xub thawj, lub qhov rais me me thiab maj mam txav ntawm Romanesque mus rau Gothic. Thaum lub sij hawm, lub Gothic Rose pib nyobntau thiab ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub facades ntawm lub tsev, muab lightness rau pob zeb lug. Tom qab ua tiav ntawm Notre Dame Cathedral, cov qhov rais no tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev, zoo li txhua kab, lancet qhov rais thiab ya pob tw. Txawm li cas los xij, piv rau qhov kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm qhov rais no, lub npe nrov ntawm Notre Dame tsis yog lub qhov rais loj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog piv rau facades ntawm Chartres lossis Saint-Denis.

Keeb kwm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm Gothic Rose

Txawm hais tias lub hauv paus pib ntawm lub qhov rais rose mus tob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, nws tau txais nws cov niaj hnub daim ntawv thiab muaj koob meej ua tsaug rau Gothic architecture, yog li nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab ua raws li txoj kev loj hlob ntawm daim ntawv no, txij li thaum ntxov Gothic lub sij hawm rau tam sim no.

• Early Gothic yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov duab zoo nkauj uas yooj yim, feem ntau yog siv cov qauv ntawm lub log thiab cov duab geometric meej: lub voj voog, daim duab peb sab thiab squares. Nws yog qhov style no uas tau txais kev nyiam tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm Neo-Gothic, tej zaum vim nws qhov yooj yim thiab kev ua yeeb yam.
• High Gothic yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim qauv ntau dua nrog ntau tus racks thiab kev faib tawm, nrog cov duab nyuaj thiab cov iav stained complex. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov loj ntawm Roses pib nce, thiab tag nrho arches ntawm transverse naves pib muab rau lawv.
• Flaming Gothic yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov qauv ornate reminiscent ntawm nplaim taws, li no lub npe. Qhov kev sib tw no tau tshwm sim vividly nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais puag ncig ntawm lub sijhawm tsim ntawm style. Weaving qauvceg ntawm lianas thiab roundings ntawm Latin S, decorate lub Gothic stained-iav qhov rais. Rose txwv tsis pub sib txawv me ntsis ntawm nws cov duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg.



• Lub Renaissance tau txawv los ntawm nws lub siab xav tawm ntawm "dullness" ntawm Lub Hnub Nyoog Tsaus, yog li yuav luag tag nrho cov ntsiab lus Gothic tau tso tseg tsis siv, muab txoj hauv kev rau cov classics. Txawm li cas los xij, Rose pom nws txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm oculuses yooj yim, qee zaus kho lub facades thiab domes ntawm Renaissance cov tsev.
• Lub Baroque style ventured hloov cov duab ntawm cov sawv, leaning ntawm oval windows nrog yooj yim, uncomplicated designs, feem ntau tsis muaj stained iav txhua.

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub architecture, qhov yooj yim thiab tsis yooj yim style ntawm oculus feem ntau yog siv. Nrog rau kev zam ntawm Neo-Gothic, thaum lub sijhawm Art Nouveau, Gothic Rose tau dhau los ua vaj tsev khoom kim heev thiab tsis tshua muaj.

Symbolism

Thaum lub sijhawm Gothic, cov duab ntawm lub qhov rais iav-rose feem ntau dhau los ua Hnub Txiav Txim. Lub Gothic sawv tau muab tso rau hauv lub koov saum toj ntawm sab hnub poob nkag mus rau hauv lub tuam tsev, uas tuaj yeem yog vim li cas xaiv lub ntsiab lus, vim nws yog phab ntsa sab hnub poob uas feem ntau tau mob siab rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Txiav Txim Kawg.

Lub sijhawm dhau mus, roses pib tshwm nyob rau hauv naves, qhov tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm lawv tau mob siab rau Virgin Mary. Kev sib txuas ntawm Gothic Rose nrog lub cim ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Khetos kuj tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm qhov tseeb tias Mary feem ntau hu ua "Mystical Rose" thiab lub cim yog ntaus nqi rau nws - ib tug qus sawv paj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cim zoo li no tau tshwm sim ntev ua ntej lub qhov rais hu ua Rose.