Gothic - yog dab tsi?

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ntau tus neeg koom nrog gothic style nrog goths, crosses thiab dub xauv. Tab sis puas yog txhua yam ua npub nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th, thaum qhov style no nyuam qhuav tuaj rau hauv kev zam? Tau kawg tsis. Gothic yog thawj ntawm tag nrho cov lightness thiab sublimity. Thaum lub sijhawm no, tib neeg pib ncav cuag kev nkag siab thiab, tom qab ntawd, rau qee yam zoo nkauj. Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham nyob rau hauv kom meej ntxiv txog lub Gothic style: qhov twg thiab raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm uas nws tshwm sim, lub ntsiab sawv cev. Feem ntau, nyeem, nws yuav nthuav.

Style in luv

Lo lus "Gothic" yog lub npe ntawm cov style uas muaj hnub nyoog nruab nrab. Cov Fabkis hu ua Gothic lub lancet style. Qhov kev kos duab no rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 12th. (kom txog rau thaum xyoo pua 15th) Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm lub Koom Txoos Catholic rau lub hwj chim pib hauv Tebchaws Europe. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov kos duab uas tau tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog tsom rau kev tsa pawg ntseeg thiab kev ntseeg.

Cov tsev teev ntuj tshiab tau tsim, uas zoo nkauj hauv lawv tus kheej, thiab ua tiav los ntawm cov duab puab thiabpainting saib yooj yim divine. Lub sijhawm no, txhua tus kws ua yeeb yam tau siv cov lus sib tham. Tam sim no cov duab kos duab, duab puab, thiab cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj tau sau nrog cov ntsiab lus zais.

Lub ntsiab nta

Hais piav txog goth luv luv, nws yog ib qho style uas tawm tsam txhua yam uas tau los ua ntej.

Yog li ntawd, ib hom kev kos duab tau raug tsim los uas tsis lees paub cov classics thiab sawv cev rau kev txhim kho thiab hloov kho ntawm Romanesque style.

Style nta:

• Gothic yog thawj zaug ntawm txhua qhov sublimity thiab dynamics. Tag nrho cov architecture zoo li nce thiab txhim kho los ntawm hauv qab mus.
• Txhua lub tsev ua hauv Gothic style yog qhov siab zoo. Cov nyhuv no tau ua tiav tsis yog vim yog phab ntsa, tab sis kuj yog vim lub ru tsev ntev, gabled.
• Stained-iav qhov rais pib siv txhua qhov chaw. Lawv kho qhov rais, qhov rooj thiab txawm ceilings.
• Arches tau nrov ntawm cov kws tsim vaj tsev ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th, qhov chaw nkag thiab sab hauv tau tsim los ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev no.

Duab puab los ntawm lub sijhawm Gothic tau dhau mus. Sculptors tam sim no dai kom zoo nkauj tsis tau tsuas yog sab hauv thiab sab nrauv, tab sis kuj dai kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev

Architecture

Gothic feem ntau tshwm sim hauv architecture. Tom qab hnyav Romanesque vaj tse (nrog lub qhov rais me me thiab qhov tsawg kawg ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj), cov neeg xav tau ib yam dab tsi lub teeb thiab sublime.

Gothic txaus siab rau qhov kev ntshaw no. Qhov style ntawm Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog no tau muab faib ua peb lub sijhawm:

1. Ua ntej. Hauv cov tsev ntawm lub sijhawm no, kev cuam tshuam ntawm Romanesque style tseem tuaj yeem taug qab. Tab sis tseem, lightening ntawm cov qauv thiab ntsug décor twb pom meej meej. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas tus ntoo khaub lig vault tau tshwm sim, thiab ib tus tuaj yeem taug qab qhov kev tawm mus ntawm cov kws tsim vaj tsev los ntawm lub thoob ntim khoom. Ib qho kev xav zoo ntawm cov kab thiab cov pob zeb ua rau nws ua tau kom cov tsev sib zog thiab muag heev. Notre Dame Cathedral yog suav tias yog lub tsev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm no.
2. Muaj. Hauv cov tsev teev ntuj ntawm lub sijhawm no, kev hloov pauv mus rau cov qauv tsim tuaj yeem taug qab. Hloov ntawm iav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm XIII caug xyoo. pib siv stained iav. Lub qhov rais lawv tus kheej, los ntawm txoj kev, ua elongated thiab coj daim ntawv ntawm ib tug taw tes arch. Yuav luag txhua lub tsev ntawm lub sijhawm no yog ua tiav los ntawm sculptures thiab sculptural compositions. Cov tsev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Gothic paub tab yog lub tsev teev ntuj hauv Chartres thiab Reims.
3. Liab. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov duab puab maj mam tsis tau ib tug biblical cim, tab sis ib tug niaj hnub ib tug. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias marble thiab pob zeb mlom adorned lub phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, scenes los ntawm lub neej ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam yog lub ntsiab rau creativity. Lub tsev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Gothic lig yog lub tsev teev ntuj: lub tsev teev ntuj hauv Moulin thiab Milan.

Furniture

Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, Gothic yog loftiness thiab lightness. Nws yog qhov tshwm sim no uas cov neeg ua haujlwm ua cov rooj tog sim ua kom tiav. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub ntawm ib tug medieval neeg, muaj xws li cov khoom sab hauv xws li rooj, rooj zaum, hauv siab.

Ntau tshajOak yog ib qho khoom siv thiab nrhiav-tom qab. Txawm hais tias qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom, cov rooj zaum carved nrog lub nraub qaum siab, cov ntxhuav nrog ob txhais ceg zoo nkauj thiab cov txaj nrog cov ncej openwork rau lub canopy tawm los ntawm cov kws txawj txhais tes ntawm tus tswv.

Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias Gothic feem ntau muaj zog, cov neeg nyob nruab nrab feem ntau siv cov hlau nplaum zoo li qub los kho cov chav. Lawv kho qhov cub, tsis tshua muaj qhov rais.

Arts and Crafts

Gothic yog kev kos duab ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog lig. Cov neeg nyiam siv cov khoom décor ntawm yav dhau los, tab sis hauv kev txhais lus tshiab. Forged candlesticks, goblets rau cawv thiab vases nyiam kev hlub tshwj xeeb. Tib neeg tsis siv zog ua kom yooj yim; lawv siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev teev ntuj txawm nyob hauv lawv lub tsev. Yog li, ntawm cov rooj hauv chav nyob ib qho tuaj yeem pom cov ntoo khaub lig thiab ntau yam duab ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm biblical scenes. Feem ntau cov chav tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog bas-reliefs thiab pej thuam. Lawv tuaj yeem tsis yog phau Vajlugkub xwb, tab sis kuj yog mythological.

Painting

Gothic style tsis yog tsuas yog architecture thiab duab puab, nws kuj yog pleev xim. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub XIII-XIV centuries. realism pib tshwm sim. Tau kawg, hauv Gothic era, nws tsis tau tsim tag nrho, tab sis tseem yog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, xws li A. Lorenzetti's "Allegory of Good Government", Van Eyck cov kwv tij "Ghent Altarpiece", tau ua nyob rau hauv qhov tshwm sim. style ntawm naturalism.

Lub ntsej muag ntawm txhua tus cim tseem ceeb yog qhov ntseeg tau, txawm hais tias qhov kev xav ntawm lawv qee zaum simulated dhau. Feem ntau, thaum lub sij hawm Gothic era, nws yog fashionable los piav txog lub sij hawm kaj ntawm manifestation ntawm icons.kev ntshaw. Piv txwv li, Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub canvases ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam yog nyob rau hauv ib tug swoon, thiab nyob rau ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov poj niam nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, pom tseeb kev tu siab thiab kev khuv leej.

Xyaum txhua daim duab muaj lub cim kev ntseeg. Cov kws ua yeeb yam tau ua haujlwm tawm txhua yam ntawm lawv cov duab. Tsis muaj lub sijhawm xav tsis zoo, thiab tsis muaj ib qho kev nthuav dav tau dim ntawm kev mloog ntawm tus tsim. Tom qab tag nrho, nws tau pom zoo saj los qhia allegories rau hauv koj cov canvases. Yog li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntau yam haujlwm ntawm Gothic cov kws kos duab, qhov twg cov duab tau sau kom ntxaws ntawm lub thaj.

Khawm

Nyob rau hauv Gothic style, tsis tsuas yog lub architecture muaj elongated cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws, kuj muaj ib tug qauv ntawm pointedness. Nyob rau hauv lub XIII-XIV centuries. khau nrog cov ntiv taw ntev, cov kaus mom taw tes thiab cov kaus mom bicorne ua nrov. Cov hemlines ntawm cov poj niam lub tiab kuj lengthening.

Tails thiab daim ntaub thaiv ntev tshwm. Corsets yeej tsis tawm ntawm kev zam, tab sis tam sim no cov ntxhais tau rub cov khaub ncaws siab dua. Khaub ncaws nrog lub duav siab thiab lub tiab nqaim ntev dominates. Tag nrho cov no yog sewn los ntawm velvet, tab sis txhob lo lo ntxhuav tsis tawm ntawm zam. Sewing tau siv los kho kom zoo nkauj. Floral ornament prevails.

Txiv neej txoj kev zam kuj tseem muaj cov duab elongated. Tab sis cov khaub ncaws zoo li no tau nyiam los ntawm cov neeg laus. Cov tub ntxhais hluas flaunted nyob rau hauv cropped trousers thiab tsho. Cov txiv neej suits, nrog rau cov poj niam, yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog kub paj ntaub nrog intricate ornaments. Ntev hmoov wigs yog nyob rau hauv zam.