Phau ntawv keeb kwm luv luv: S altykov-Shchedrin M.Ye

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Muaj ob peb tus kws sau keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav ua siab tawv thiab ntxub heev li S altykov-Shchedrin. Contemporaries hu nws ua "storyteller", thiab nws tej hauj lwm - "ntse fantasies" uas tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau kev muaj tiag. Lub caij no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus naas ej satirist thiab cartoonist tseem tshiab thiab cuam tshuam hnub no. Phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm S altykov-Shchedrin qhia txog qhov nyuaj npaum li cas tus kws sau ntawv txoj kev mus rau kev sau ntawv Olympus yog, cov ntsiab lus uas peb yuav xav txog hauv kab lus no.

Youth

Mikhail Evgrafovich S altykov yog tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias, tus neeg muaj koob muaj npe uas yug hauv xyoo 1826 hauv lub zos me me ntawm Spas-Ugol (Tver xeev). Nws thawj xib fwb yog ib tug yooj yim serf Pavel, thiab ces nws tau qhia los ntawm ib tug pov thawj thiab ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm theological academy. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum xyoo, tus tub raug xa mus rau Moscow, mus rau ib lub koom haum noble, thiab ob xyoos tom qab, mus rau Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Nov yog qhov uas nws muaj tswv yim biography pib.

S altykov-Shchedrin ntawm Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum

Ntawm no los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas kws sau paj lugMikhail Evgrafovich pib sau paj huam. Thaum kawg ntawm lyceum, nws daim ntawv pov thawj yuav suav nrog, nrog rau kev coj ua tsis zoo hauv tsev kawm ntawv xws li kev haus luam yeeb thiab kev ua phem, kev sau ntawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis pom zoo. Lub caij no, ib tug xov tooj ntawm nws cov paj huam twb tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub Sovremennik magazine. Txawm li cas los xij, Mikhail nws tus kheej tsis pom lub peev xwm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam hauv nws tus kheej, tab sis nws tau xav txog cov ntawv nyeem. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, nws tus kws sau ntawv keeb kwm pib. S altykov-Shchedrin ua nto moo.

Pobulary

Thaum kawg ntawm lyceum, yav tom ntej tus kws sau ntawv tau raug teev npe hauv tub rog. Nws nyiam nyeem ntawv Fab Kis thiab pib sau phau ntawv sau tseg rau nws tus kheej, uas tau luam tawm hauv Notes of the Fatherland. 4 xyoos tom qab kawm tiav ntawm Lyceum, xyoo 1848, nws tau sau zaj dab neeg "A Tangled Case". Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no, tus sau tus cwj pwm rau serfdom thiab aversion rau niaj hnub yog pom meej meej. Cov kev xav no hais txog txoj hmoo ntawm Russia yuav ploj mus tsis tau pom dua yog tias lawv tsis sib haum nrog Fab Kis Revolution. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, tus kws sau ntawv raug ntiab tawm mus rau Vyatka, qhov chaw uas nws lub xeev biography yuav kav rau 7 xyoo ntev.

S altykov-Shchedrin hauv Vyatka

Tsis paub ntau npaum li cas rau qee yam ntawm tus kws sau ntawv kev pabcuam hauv Vyatka. Nws ua hauj lwm ua ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm hauv ntau lub xeev. Meanwhile, lub xeev lub neej nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no qhib rau S altykov lub sij hawm kom paub zoo dua tag nrho cov tsaus ntuj nti ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam. Thaum nws nyob hauv Vyatka, Mikhail Evgrafovich tau sau "Cov ntawv sau hauv Xeev", thiab tau sau ua "Cov Keeb Kwm Luv luv. Russia". Ntawm no nws nrhiav tau ib tug poj niam rau nws tus kheej, thiab nyob rau hauv 1855 nws raug tso cai tawm hauv Vyatka.

Ntxhais kawm ntawv nyob rau xyoo kawg ntawm lub neej

Xyoo 1856, S altykov raug xa mus rau lub xeev Tver, thiab xyoo 1860 nws tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Tver. Nws phau ntawv keeb kwm kev sau ntawv tseem txuas ntxiv mus. S altykov-Shchedrin tau sau ntau heev nyob rau lub sijhawm no, luam tawm hauv cov ntawv xov xwm zoo. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1863, tom qab nws resignation, nws tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg thiab los ua ib tug ntawm cov editors ntawm Sovremennik. Nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, nws sau dab neeg thiab fairy tales, sim los ntawm kev lom zem thiab satire los qhia rau nws cov neeg nyeem cov ntsuj plig ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab kev ywj pheej. Nyob rau hauv 1889, Mikhail S altykov-Shchedrin, uas nws biography yog zoo intertwined nrog txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg, tuag tom qab ib tug mob hnyav.