Alexander Borodin: biography, hnub yug, suab paj nruag, kev ua ub no thiab hnub tuag

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin yog tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias zoo, kws tshawb fawb thiab kws tshuaj. Thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej, nws tau ua tiav ob qho kev nyiam ua haujlwm sib txawv. Hauv ob qho tib si, nws tau ua tiav qhov kev vam meej uas tsis tau pom dua, tawm hauv qab lub cim sib sib zog nqus hauv suab paj nruag thiab hauv chemistry. Biography ntawm Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin yog lub neej zaj dab neeg ntawm ntau yam khoom plig, tus neeg zoo nkauj tiag tiag.

Keeb kwm ntawm Alexander Borodin yog qhov txawv ntawm peb lub sijhawm, tab sis raug rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws txiv yog Luka Stepanovich Gedianov, 62-xyoo-laus Georgian tub huabtais. Niam - Avdotya Konstantinovna Antonova, 20-xyoo-laus tus ntxhais ntawm ib tug tub rog txiv neej. Yug thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 12, 1833, tus menyuam tsis raug cai, nws tau txais lub npe patronymic thiab lub xeem ntawm tus huab tais tus valet, Porfiry Borodin, raws li nws tau sau tseg tias yog tus tub ntawm Porfiry thiab nws tus poj niam.

Tom qab 10 xyoo, tus huab tais tuag, yav tas los muab nws "serf" dawb thiabyuav nws thiab nws niam ib lub tsev loj. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws niam tau sib yuav rau ib tug kws kho mob tub rog.

Kev Kawm

leej niam ntawm yav tom ntej composer thiab chemist tau mob siab rau nws tus tub txoj kev kawm. Cov kws qhia ntawv zoo tshaj plaws nrog nws kawm, yog li nws tau txais kev kawm zoo heev. Txij thaum yau, nws cov txuj ci suab paj nruag tau tshwm sim. Alexander tau qhia ua si piano thiab flute, thiab tom qab ntawd - cello. Nrog kev txaus siab heev, nws kawm suab paj nruag thiab txawm tsim. Nws thawj tej hauj lwm tau luam tawm los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm nws niam, lub ntiaj teb kawm txog 16-xyoo-laus composer. Ib txhij nrog kev kawm suab paj nruag, nws pib koom nrog hauv chemistry. Nws ua txhua yam kev sim, ua rau nws niam txaus ntshai.

Thaum tus tub hluas muaj 17 xyoo, nws yuav tsum tau kawm txuas ntxiv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tab sis lub hauv paus chiv keeb tsis tau muab sijhawm rau Alexander los kawm. Rau ib qho nyiaj npib loj, leej niam yuav lub npe tub lag luam. Nws tsis siab dhau, tab sis muab txoj cai los kawm hauv Medical and Surgical Academy, qhov twg Borodin tau nkag mus tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev kawm nyob rau hauv lub academy, nws ua pov thawj nws tus kheej yog ib tug heev muaj peev xwm thiab cog lus me nyuam kawm ntawv. Xib fwb N. N. Zinin tau los ua nws tus cob qhia. Kev cob qhia coj nws ntau lub sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, Borodin tsis tawm suab paj nruag. Nws sau ntau heev, mus koom concerts.

ncig ua lag luam txawv teb chaws

Thaum nws kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, Alexander Borodin tau raug xaiv los ua txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv Tsev Kho Mob Military Land. Nws nyob ntawd nws tau ntsib MP Mussorgsky, uas tab tom kho. Tsis tas li ntawd, nwsua hauj lwm ua tus pab ntawm Department of General Therapy and Pathology.

Xyoo 1958, Borodin tiv thaiv nws qhov kev tshaj tawm, vim nws tau txais qib kws kho mob.

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg Alexander Porfiryevich mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nyob ntawd, ntawm University of Heidelberg, nws txhim kho nws txoj kev paub txog chemistry. Ntawm kev mus ncig ua lag luam txawv teb chaws, Borodin sib txuas lus ntau nrog cov kws tshawb fawb hluas, ntawm lawv Mendeleev, Sechenov, Botkin thiab lwm tus. Tom qab ntawd nws mus rau Fabkis, Switzerland, Holland.

Lub neej ntiag tug

Ntawm nws rov qab los rau Heidelberg hauv xyoo 1861, nws tau ntsib tus pianist Ekaterina Sergeevna Protopopova, uas nyob hauv Tebchaws Yelemees rau kev kho mob. Nws reawakened Borodin qhov kev txaus siab rau suab paj nruag, uas tau pib ploj mus. Tsis ntev, vim kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, nws mus rau Ltalis. Alexander Porfiryevich nrog nws tus nkauj nyab. Hauv tebchaws Ltalis, nws sib txuas lus nrog cov kws kho mob hauv University of Pisa, uas muab sijhawm rau nws los ua haujlwm hauv chav kuaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Borodin yog ib tug tsis tu ncua mus saib opera thiab symphony concerts. Lub sijhawm no, nws sau cov instrumental.

Rov qab mus rau Russia, Borodin tau tso nws tus nkauj nyab hauv Moscow, thiab nws mus rau St. Petersburg, qhov chaw uas nws tau raug xaiv los ua tus kws tshaj lij ntawm kev kho mob thiab phais Academy. Cov nyiaj hli me me, qhov tsis muaj kev ua neej nyob zoo tau yuam Borodin ncua lub tshoob. Nws tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1863. Nws tsev neeg tau ntsib teeb meem nyiaj txiag thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej, uas yuam Alexander ua hauj lwm hnyav - qhia, txhais.

Borodin-composer

Lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1862, Borodin ntsib M. Balakirev, uas lub sijhawm ntawd tau ua tus sau lub voj voog "The Mighty Handful", uas suav nrog N. Rimsky-Korsakov, M. Mussorgsky, C. Cui, thuam V.. Stasov.

Balakirev tam sim ntawd pom qhov originality ntawm Borodin cov txuj ci suab paj nruag. Nws hais tias nws mob siab rau sau ib zaj nkauj. Qhov kev sau ntawv no tau siv sijhawm tsib xyoos, vim tias tus kws sau ntawv tsis khoom nrog kev tshawb fawb, kev qhia thiab kev sib raug zoo. Thawj symphony ntawm Alexander Borodin tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Balakirev. Qhov no tau tshoov siab tus kws sau nkauj los tsim qhov tom ntej, Thib Ob Symphony, ua haujlwm uas tau siv sijhawm xya xyoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws pib sau ua yeeb yam Prince Igor.

Cov seev cev Polovtsian ntawm Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin, vim yog lawv cov xim qub, tom qab ntawd yuav dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov ci ntsa iab thiab ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kev ua yeeb yam no. Nws ua haujlwm rau nws tau kaum yim xyoo. Borodin tus composer yog heev xav tau ntawm nws cov hauj lwm. Ua ib tug kws tshawb fawb, nws tsis zam rau amateurism hauv nws cov ntawv sau. Nws cov suab paj nruag yog qhov txawv ntawm ib tus neeg sau cov style, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev thov rau Lavxias thiab sab hnub tuaj melodics, cov duab epic, thiab daim ntawv sib haum xeeb. Hmoov tsis zoo, Borodin tau cuam tshuam los ntawm nws txoj kev kawm los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lub neej hauv tsev, kev mob tsis tu ncua ntawm nws tus poj niam, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv zej zog. Tias yog vim li cas qhov kev sib xyaw ntawm cov haujlwm tau nce qeeb qeeb.

Borodin-chemist thiab pej xeem daim duab

Borodin txoj hauj lwm ua ib tug kws tshuaj ua tau zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv 1864 nws tau los ua ib tug xib fwb. Txij li xyoo 1874, nws tau ua tus saib xyuas lub chaw kuaj tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv 1877, Alexander Porfiryevich tau los ua ib tug kws qhia ntawv ntawm Medico-Surgical Academy. Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm Higher Women's Courses. Tsis tas li ntawd, Borodin ua haujlwm ntau heev. Nws los ua ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm Lavxias teb sab Chemical Society, ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Lavxias teb sab Musical Society, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Society of Lavxias teb sab kws kho mob. Alexander Borodin yog tus tsim thiab tus thawj coj ntawm pab pawg hu nkauj thiab suab paj nruag ntawm Medical and Surgical Academy, uas nws tau ua ntau qhov kev sib hlub sib txhawb.

Kev txhawj xeeb hauv tsev neeg, kev saib xyuas tas li rau tus poj niam mob, kev ua haujlwm hnyav thiab kev ua si hauv zej zog ua rau Borodin noj qab haus huv. Thaum lub xyoo kawg ntawm nws lub neej, nws raug kev txom nyem tas li los ntawm kev mob hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub siab. Kev tuag overtook Alexander Porfirievich thaum Lub Ob Hlis 15, 1887, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib tug costume tog, uas nws teem nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev. Nws tuag tam sim ntawd ntawm lub siab tawg.

Borodin nyob lub neej luv tab sis muaj kev tshwm sim heev. Thiab cov suab paj nruag ntawm Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin tau nkag mus rau hauv lub txhab nyiaj ntawm lub ntiaj teb suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai.