Vyach Ivanov: biography, creativity

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Symbolism yog ib qho qauv hauv kev sau ntawv, pleev xim, suab paj nruag thiab kos duab feem ntau. Lub peculiarity ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam lub caij ntawm paub tsis meej thiab paub tsis meej, tsis tiav qhia tawm ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm cov hauj lwm. Lub ntsiab lus yog xa mus rau tus nyeem ntawv, saib lossis mloog nrog kev pab ntawm qee cov cim (lub npe ntawm kev txav los ntawm lo lus no).

Qhov chaw yug ntawm lub cim yog Fabkis. Cov kev taw qhia tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1870s, thiab nyob rau hauv lub lig 19th thiab ntxov 20th centuries nws tau nrov nyob rau hauv Russia. Symbolism tau siv los ntawm cov kws kos duab Lavxias xws li Valery Bryusov, Konstantin Balmont, Andrei Bely, Alexander Blok, Mikhail Vrubel, Alexander Skryabin thiab lwm tus. Tus kws sau paj huam Vyach Ivanov kuj tau ua ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim cov cim hauv tebchaws Russia.

Biography: xyoo ntxov, tsev neeg, kev kawm

Vyach Ivanov (lub npe tag nrho - Vyacheslav Ivanovich Ivanov) yug Lub Ob Hlis 28, 1866 hauv Moscow. Tus kws sau paj lug txiv yog ib tug kws tshawb fawb (thaum lub sij hawm no txoj hauj lwm hu uatus neeg tshawb nrhiav).

Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm Thawj Moscow Gymnasium, Vyach Ivanov nkag mus rau Kws Qhia Ntawv Keeb Kwm thiab Philology ntawm Moscow University, tab sis kawm nyob ntawd tsuas yog ob xyoos. Txij li thaum xyoo 1886, tus kws sau paj huam yav tom ntej tau txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm hauv Berlin, qhov chaw nws kuj tau kawm philology, keeb kwm thiab kev xav.

Cov neeg sau keeb kwm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Vyach Ivanov tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas nws siv yuav luag tag nrho nws cov hluas, txog 20 xyoo, txawv teb chaws. Feem ntau nyob thiab taug kev hauv Western Europe: Ltalis, Greece, Switzerland.

Ntawm no, tus kws sau paj huam tau ntsib nws tus poj niam thib ob (nws tau sib yuav nws thawj zaug, Daria Dmitrievskaya, yuav luag tam sim tom qab kawm tiav high school) - Lydia Zinovieva-Annibal. Xyoo 1896, muaj ib tug ntxhais yug los, uas tau muaj npe raws li nws niam.

Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, lwm yam tseem ceeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm Vyach Ivanov. Nws tau ntsib nws tus kws cob qhia Vladimir Solovyov, ua tsaug rau leej twg muaj kev txhawb nqa hauv kev ua paj huam. Thawj phau ntawv xwm txheej tau tso tawm.

Me ntsis tom qab, xyoo 1903, Vyach Ivanov tau ntsib nrog cov neeg Lavxias - Balmont, Merezhkovsky, Blok. Txij lub sijhawm no pib lub sijhawm tshiab hauv lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam.

Rov qab mus rau Russia

Xyoo 1905, Vyach Ivanov rov qab los rau Russia, tab sis tsis nyob hauv nws lub nroog, tab sis nyob rau hauv St. Cov neeg tsim khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Hnub Nyoog Nyiaj tau sib sau ua ke hauv nws chav tsev txhua lub lim tiam: lawv sib tham txog cov tswv yim tshiab, sib qhia cov duab kos duab ntawm lawv cov haujlwm thiab xov xwm los ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev sau ntawv. Vyach Ivanov nyob rau hauv lub ncov ntawm nws lub koob meej thiab koom tes nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm nrov nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd.

Tom qab nws tus poj niam tuag, tus kws sau paj huam sib yuav zaum peb. Nyob rau hauv 1913, Vyach Ivanov thiab nws tus poj niam tsiv mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas lawv tau ntsib tus composer Scriabin.

Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig tsis tau nkag siab lossis lees txais los ntawm Ivanov. Zoo li ntau lwm tus kws sau ntawv, cov kws ua yeeb yam thiab cov kws sau nkauj uas tsis pom zoo rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev hloov pauv, nws tau sim tawm hauv tebchaws Russia. Lwm qhov laj thawj rau kev txav mus los yog nws tus poj niam tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev tawm mus tau raug tsis lees paub, thiab Ivanovs yuav tsum nyob hauv tsev.

Xyoo 1920, tus kws sau paj huam tus poj niam tuag, thiab Vyach Ivanov tsiv mus rau Baku, qhov chaw nws qhia philology.

xyoo tshiab

Tom qab siv sijhawm 4 xyoos hauv Baku, tus kws sau paj huam Vyach Ivanov rov nyob hauv Ltalis. Tau ntau xyoo dhau los nws nyob hauv kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab kev nyob ib leeg, tsuas yog qee zaus sib txuas lus nrog Merezhkovsky, Bunin thiab lwm tus neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw. Zaum thib plaub, Vyach Ivanov tsis tau yuav, thiab nws tus tuav ntaub ntawv tau saib xyuas tsev neeg.

Tus kws sau paj lug txiav txim siab tig los ntseeg thiab koom nrog lub Koom Txoos Catholic.

Hauv Ltalis, Vyach Ivanov kuj tau qhia: nws yog tus kws qhia lus txawv teb chaws, muab cov kev kawm hauv Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv.

Nws tuag hauv Rome xyoo 1949, tau ua neej nyob ntev. Tus kws sau paj lug muaj 83 xyoos. faus rau hauv lub toj ntxas Testaccio.

Txoj kev muaj tswv yim

Ntau yam ntawm Vyach Ivanov cov haujlwm tau hais txog yav dhau los nyob deb - Antiquity thiab Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, nrog rau Byzantium - Ivanov yog ib qho ntawm ob peb tus kws sau ntawv uas tig mus rau kev kos duab ntawm lub xeev no thaum tsim nws cov haujlwm. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov noepochs, tus kws sau paj lug pom nws tus kheej qhov nws hu ua "tus cim tiag tiag."

Vyach Ivanov cov paj huam tsa lub ntsiab lus nyob mus ib txhis uas ib txwm txhawj xeeb cov kws sau paj huam thiab lawv cov nyeem: kev tuag thiab kev yug dua tshiab, kev poob siab thiab kev cia siab. Cov paj huam tsis yog dynamic, tab sis theej muab lub tswv yim ntawm ib yam dab tsi zoo li qub, majestic thiab hnyav. Koj tuaj yeem pom tias tus kws sau paj huam siv yuav luag tsis muaj cov lus qhia, uas ua rau muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm immobility.

Xwm tau piav qhia thiab hu nkauj los ntawm ntau tus kws sau ntawv, tab sis txawm tias Vyach Ivanov no ua rau nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm, nws tsis hais tej ntoo, nyom, los yog dej lub cev, tiam sis yog lub inanimate ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no - pawg ntawm tawg pob zeb, crystals sparkling nyob rau hauv lub hnub thiab molten hlau.

Txawm hais tias qhov no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm Vyach Ivanov tag nrho yog qhov xav tsis thoob thiab kev sib haum xeeb, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog kev kov yeej thiab kev hlub, uas muaj peev xwm kov yeej kev tuag. Tus kws sau paj lug feem ntau siv cov lus Greek - qhov no yog kev lig kev cai ntawm lub Koom Txoos thaum ub Slavonic lus, uas qhia txog lub hwj chim thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm cov paj huam.

Critic tshuaj xyuas

Dmitry Mirsky, tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab neeg thuam, piv Vyach Ivanov cov paj huam nrog "nplua nuj Byzantine vestments". Muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los, uas ua rau cov paj huam "muaj kev paub txog tus kheej." Raws li cov neeg thuam, tus kws sau paj lug ua tib zoo xav tawm txhua lo lus. Tag nrho cov no ua rau cov hauj lwm ntawm Vyach Ivanov tiag tiag tshwj xeeb thiab tseem ceeb rau Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv.